Chapter 4: COS Error Sources 4.1 Overview 4.2 Error Sources Associated with Pipeline Processing Steps 4.2.1 FUV Dark Count Rate 4.2.2 Flat Fields 4.2.3 Gain Sag 4.2.4 FUV XDL Thermal Drifts 4.3 Factors Limiting Flux and Wavelength Accuracy 4.3.1 Flux Accuracy 4.3.2 Wavelength and Spectral Resolution Accuracies