Chapter 5: Data Analysis 5.1 STSDAS Software 5.2 Photometric Calibrations 5.2.1 Units for NICMOS Photometry 5.2.2 Fluxes and Magnitude Zeropoints 5.2.3 Photometric Corrections 5.2.4 Absolute Photometry for Emission Line Filters 5.2.5 Absolute Spectrophotometry with NICMOS Grisms 5.3 Astrometry, Pixel scales, and Geometric Distortion 5.3.1 Pixel Scales 5.3.2 Geometric Distortion 5.3.3 Drizzling 5.3.4 Absolute Astrometry 5.4 PSF Subtraction 5.4.1 Impact of Instrumental Effects on PSF Subtraction 5.5 Coronagraphic Reductions 5.5.1 Data Products and File Structures 5.5.2 Coronagraphic Acquisitions 5.5.3 Positions of the Hole and Target 5.5.4 Recalibrating Coronagraphic Images 5.5.5 Reducing and Co-adding Coronagraphic Images 5.6 Analysis of Polarization Images 5.6.1 Introduction 5.6.2 Theory 5.6.3 A Useful Script for Polarization Analysis 5.7 Grism Data Reduction 5.7.1 Extraction Software 5.7.2 Processing