13402( 46) - 24-Feb-2014 17:09:57 - [ 1] HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 13402 Version: 46 Check-in Time: 24-Feb-2014 17:09:57 STScI Edit Number: 45 Title Remote sensing of the energy of Jovian auroral electrons with STIS: a clue to unveil plasma acceleration processes ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Type Cycle GO 21 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Investigators Contact? PI: Prof. Jean-Claude M. Gerard Universite de Liege Y CoI: Prof. Denis Grodent Universite de Liege Y CoI: Dr. Bertrand Bonfond Universite de Liege N CoI: Prof. John T. Clarke Boston University N CoI: Dr. G. Randall Gladstone Southwest Research Institute N CoI: Dr. Jacques Gustin Universite de Liege N CoI: Dr. Aikaterini Radioti Universite de Liege N CoI: Dr. J. Hunter Waite Jr. Southwest Research Institute N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract The polar aurora, an important energy source for the Earth's upper atmosphere, is about two orders of magnitude more intense at Jupiter where it releases approximately 10 GW in Jupiter's thermosphere. So far, HST observations of Jupiter's aurora have concentrated on the morphology and the relationship between the solar wind and the brightness distribution. While STIS-MAMA is still operational, time is now critical to move into a new era where FUV long-slit spectroscopy and the spatial scanning capabilities of HST are combined. We propose to use this powerful tool to remotely sense the characteristics of the precipitated electrons by slewing the spectral slit over the different auroral components. It will then be possible to associate electron energies with spatial auroral components and constrain acceleration mechanisms (field-aligned acceleration, magnetic field reconnection, pitch angle electron scattering) associated with specific emission regions. For this, a combination of FUV imaging with STIS long slit spectroscopy will map the spatial variations of the auroral depth and thus the energy of the precipitated electrons. These results will be compared with current models of the Jovian magnetosphere-ionosphere interactions and will provide key inputs to a 3-D model of the Jupiter's atmosphere global heat budget and dynamics currently under development. This compact timely program is designed to provide a major step forward for a better understanding of the physical interactions taking place in Jupiter's magnetosphere and their effects on giant planets' atmospheres, a likely paradigm for many giant fast spinning planets with massive magnetic field in the universe. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Observations Description ------------------------ Spectral observations will be made with the 52x0.5 arcsec long slit aperture and the G140L grating to cover the full FUV spectral range necessary for electron energy studies. The spectra will be collected in the time-tag mode. The slit will scan the auroral oval from equatorward of the auroral boundary to above the planetary limb. This spatial scan will be continuous across the aurora. It will be oriented with the minimum possible inclination on the equatorial plane compatible with the spacecraft orientations constraints. Once 13402( 46) - 24-Feb-2014 17:09:57 - [ 2] the HST orbit is accurately known, the slew rate during the time-tag observations will be determined in order to best cover the entire auroral oval. Experience gained during execution program 12883 (where telescope slews were performed to scan the Jovian aurora) will be used to program the detailed observations. Indeed, the amplitude of the slews depends on the angular size of Jupiter which varies with the exact date of the observations. Ideally, the observations should be performed within one month from opposition (Jan. 5, 2014). STIS spectra of Jupiter previously obtained by the PI and team members have demonstrated that the STIS count rate limit is far from being reached during to the spectral observations with the STIS long slit. The strategy for the observations will be as follows: VISIT 1 (1 orbit): One spatial scan with the 52x0.5 arc sec long slit and G140L grating from above the north limb to equatorward (southward) of the auroral emission. The exposure will be timetagged. Jupiter's System III central meridian longitude (CML) will be in the range 150-190 deg offering optimal view of the north polar region. Io will be visible within a specified range from the central meridian. VISITS 2 (1 orbit): Repeat of the same sequence with Jupiter's CML in the range 200-240 deg, providing a view complementary to visit 1. VISITS 3 (1 orbit): Repeat of the same sequence in the South polar region, starting from above the south limb till equatorward (northward) of the auroral emission. Jupiter's CML will be in the range 20-60 deg, offering optimal view of the south polar region. Io will be visible within a specified range from the central meridian. The three visits are independent and should be distant in time by at least one week. Real Time Justification ----------------------- None Calibration Justification ------------------------- None Additional Comments ------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13402( 46) - 24-Feb-2014 17:09:57 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Solar System Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 3 TARGET NAME: SPECTRUM-NORTH-1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: PLANET Spectrum North 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 STD=JUPITER TYPE=POS_ANGLE, RAD=24.6, ANG=7, REF=NORTH, R_RAD=-417.6, R_ANG=0, EPOCH=08-JAN-2014:23:04:47, EpochTimeScale=UTC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 WINDOWS OLG OF IO BETWEEN 90 240, CML OF JUPITER FROM EARTH BETWEEN 150 190 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ DATA COMMENTS V = -2.7 +/- 0.5 -Constraints on CML and OLG may be relaxed by +/-10deg. -POS_ANGLE RAD and ANG are date and ROLL dependent. Current values are suitable for 5-JAN-2014. Ephemeris Center: EARTH -Ideally, the spectral slit should be as parallel as possible to Jupiter's equatorial plane. -POS_ANGLE R_RAD depends on actual exposure time. -The slew rate R_RAD is negative, meaning that the motion is from above Jupiter's pole towards Jupiter's center. -It will be necessary to iterate with our Program Coordinator to adjust these values once final execution date and ROLL are known. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13402( 46) - 24-Feb-2014 17:09:57 - [ 4] TARGET LIST Solar System Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 4 TARGET NAME: SPECTRUM-NORTH-2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: PLANET Spectrum North 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 STD=JUPITER TYPE=POS_ANGLE, RAD=24.6, ANG=7, REF=NORTH, R_RAD=-417.6, R_ANG=0, EPOCH=14-JAN-2014:00:12:23, EpochTimeScale=UTC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 WINDOWS CML OF JUPITER FROM EARTH BETWEEN 200 258 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ DATA COMMENTS V = -2.7 +/- 0.5 -Constraints on CML and OLG may be relaxed by +/-10deg. -POS_ANGLE RAD and ANG are date and ROLL dependent. Current values are suitable for 5-JAN-2014. Ephemeris Center: EARTH -Ideally, the spectral slit should be as parallel as possible to Jupiter's equatorial plane. -POS_ANGLE R_RAD depends on actual exposure time. -The slew rate R_RAD is negative, meaning that the motion is from above Jupiter's pole towards Jupiter's center. -It will be necessary to iterate with our Program Coordinator to adjust these values once final execution date and ROLL are known. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13402( 46) - 24-Feb-2014 17:09:57 - [ 5] TARGET LIST Solar System Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 5 TARGET NAME: SPECTRUM-SOUTH ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: PLANET Spectrum South ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 STD=JUPITER TYPE=POS_ANGLE, RAD=25, ANG=187, REF=NORTH, R_RAD=-340, R_ANG=0, EPOCH=12-JAN-2014:22:42:21, EpochTimeScale=UTC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 WINDOWS CML OF JUPITER FROM EARTH BETWEEN 20 100 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ DATA COMMENTS V = -2.7 +/- 0.5 -Constraints on CML and OLG may be relaxed by +/-10deg. -POS_ANGLE RAD and ANG are date and ROLL dependent. Current values are suitable for 5-JAN-2014. Ephemeris Center: EARTH -Ideally, the spectral slit should be as parallel as possible to Jupiter's equatorial plane. -POS_ANGLE R_RAD depends on actual exposure time. -The slew rate R_RAD is negative, meaning that the motion is from above Jupiter's pole towards Jupiter's center. -It will be necessary to iterate with our Program Coordinator to adjust these values once final execution date and ROLL are known. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13402( 46) - 24-Feb-2014 17:09:57 - [ 6] TARGET LIST Solar System Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 6 TARGET NAME: SPECTRUM-NORTH-3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: PLANET Spectrum North 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 STD=JUPITER TYPE=POS_ANGLE, RAD=21.1, ANG=-7, REF=NORTH, R_RAD=-291.35, R_ANG=0, EPOCH=15-MAR-2014:18:30:44, EpochTimeScale=UTC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 WINDOWS CML OF JUPITER FROM EARTH BETWEEN 200 240 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ DATA COMMENTS V = -2.7 +/- 0.5 -Constraints on CML and OLG may be relaxed by +/-10deg. -POS_ANGLE RAD and ANG are date and ROLL dependent. Current values are suitable for 5-JAN-2014. Ephemeris Center: EARTH -Ideally, the spectral slit should be as parallel as possible to Jupiter's equatorial plane. -POS_ANGLE R_RAD depends on actual exposure time. -The slew rate R_RAD is negative, meaning that the motion is from above Jupiter's pole towards Jupiter's center. -It will be necessary to iterate with our Program Coordinator to adjust these values once final execution date and ROLL are known. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13402( 46) - 24-Feb-2014 17:09:57 - [ 7] Visit: 01 Visit Requirements: ORIENT 129D TO 129 D; BETWEEN 08-JAN-2014:22:30:00 AND 08-JAN-2014:23:30:00 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: BETWEENs for are for coordinated ground based observing. Each visit may be considered independently. Ideally, orbits should be executed at least 1 week apart. Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SPECTRUM-NO STIS/FUV TIME-TA 52X0.5 G140L 1425 BUFFER-TIME=99 1 2528 S RTH-1 -MAMA G (2528 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SPECTRUM-NORTH-1 1 STIS/FUV TIME-TA 52X0.5 G140L 1425 none none none none 1 N/A -MAMA G 13402( 46) - 24-Feb-2014 17:09:57 - [ 8] Visit: 02 Visit Requirements: ORIENT 122D TO 148 D; BETWEEN 13-JAN-2014:23:45 AND 14-JAN-2014:01:15 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: BETWEENs for are for coordinated ground based observing. Each visit may be considered independently. Ideally, orbits should be executed at least 1 week apart. Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SPECTRUM-NO STIS/FUV TIME-TA 52X0.5 G140L 1425 BUFFER-TIME=99 1 2528 S RTH-2 -MAMA G (2528 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SPECTRUM-NORTH-2 1 STIS/FUV TIME-TA 52X0.5 G140L 1425 none none none none 1 N/A -MAMA G 13402( 46) - 24-Feb-2014 17:09:57 - [ 9] Visit: 03 Visit Requirements: ORIENT 124D TO 124 D; BETWEEN 12-JAN-2014:22 AND 12-JAN-2014:23 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: BETWEENs for are for coordinated ground based observing. Each visit may be considered independently. Ideally, orbits should be executed at least 1 week apart. Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SPECTRUM-SO STIS/FUV TIME-TA 52X0.5 G140L 1425 BUFFER-TIME=99 1 2528 S UTH -MAMA G (2528 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SPECTRUM-SOUTH 1 STIS/FUV TIME-TA 52X0.5 G140L 1425 none none none none 1 N/A -MAMA G 13402( 46) - 24-Feb-2014 17:09:57 - [ 10] Visit: 12 Visit Requirements: ORIENT 117D TO 117 D; BETWEEN 15-MAR-2014:18 AND 15-MAR-2014:19 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Each visit may be considered independently. Ideally, orbits should be executed at least 1 week apart. Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SPECTRUM-NO STIS/FUV TIME-TA 52X0.5 G140L 1425 BUFFER-TIME=99 1 2528 S POS TARG 0, 3 RTH-3 -MAMA G (2528 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SPECTRUM-NORTH-3 1 STIS/FUV TIME-TA 52X0.5 G140L 1425 none none none none 1 N/A -MAMA G 13402( 46) - 24-Feb-2014 17:09:57 - [ 11] Summary Form for Proposal 13402 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures 52X0.5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations STIS/FUV-MAMA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes TIME-TAG ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters BUFFER-TIME=99 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements BETWEEN 08-JAN-2014:22:30:00 AND 08-JAN-2014:23:30:00, BETWEEN 12-JAN-2014:22 AND 12-JAN-2014:23, BETWEEN 13-JAN-2014:23:45 AND 14-JAN-2014:01:15, BETWEEN 15-MAR-2014:18 AND 15-MAR-2014:19, ORIENT 117D TO 117 D, ORIENT 122D TO 148 D, ORIENT 124D TO 124 D, ORIENT 129D TO 129 D, POS TARG 0, 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements G140L ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names SPECTRUM-NORTH-1, SPECTRUM-NORTH-2, SPECTRUM-NORTH-3, SPECTRUM-SOUTH ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------