15157( 2) - 14-Jul-2017 13:01:32 - [ 1] HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 15157 Version: 2 Check-in Time: 14-Jul-2017 13:01:32 STScI Edit Number: 1 Title The Primordial Binary Fraction in Trumpler 14: Frequency and Multiplicity Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Type Cycle GO 25 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Investigators Contact? PI: Dr. Elena Sabbi Space Telescope Science Institute Y CoI: Prof. Hugues Sana Katholieke Universiteit Leuven N CoI: Dr. Jay Anderson Space Telescope Science Institute N CoI: Dr. Antonella Nota Space Telescope Science Institute - ESA N CoI: Dr. Selma E. de Mink Universiteit van Amsterdam N CoI: Dr. Jason S. Kalirai Space Telescope Science Institute N CoI: Dr. Daniel J. Lennon ESA-European Space Astronomy Centre N CoI: Dr. Kailash C. Sahu Space Telescope Science Institute N CoI: Christopher Johnson Space Telescope Science Institute Y ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract This is an astrometric proposal designed to identify and characterize the properties of medium- and long-period (orbital periods ranging from 1.8 to 100 years) visual binaries in the mass range between ~4 and 20 Mo in the young compact cluster Trumpler 14 in the Carina Nebula. We aim to probe the virtually unexplored population of intermediate- and high-mass binaries that will experience a Roche-lobe overflow during their post-main-sequence evolution. These binaries are of particular interest because they are expected to be the progenitors of supernovae Type Ia, b, and c, X-ray binaries, double neutron stars and double black holes. Multiplicity properties of young stars can be further used to constrain the outcome of the star-formation process and hence distinguish between various formation scenarios. The medium- and long-period binaries (P> 0.5 yr) are hard to detect and expensive to characterize with traditional ground-based spectroscopy. Knowledge of their orbital properties is however crucial to properly estimate the overall fraction of OB stars whose evolution is affected by binary interaction and to predict the outcome of such interaction. Because of the well characterized PSF of WFC3/UVIS and its temporal stability, HST is the only facility able to characterize the properties of OB-type medium-period binaries in Tr14, and Tr14 is the only nearby high-density OB-type young cluster. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Observations Description ------------------------ We plan to characterize intermediate and long period binaries by measuring their orbital parameters such as orbital period, mass ratio, orbital separation and eccentricity. The binaries we are looking for are barely resolved and require a very careful characterization of the PSF. For this reason we are acquiring as many exposures as possible within each orbit. This will allow us not only to derive the most accurate PSF library for each epoch, but also to obtain a very well characterized geometric distortion calibration in two narrow band filters. In each visit binary stars will be identify as those sources with a poor fit of 15157( 2) - 14-Jul-2017 13:01:32 - [ 2] a single-star stellar model. We will then repeat the fitting using a multiple-component PSF. We will observe Tr14 in two filters to characterize the color(=temperature) of the sources. We will observe the cluster in three different epochs to measure the motion of the companions around the primary sources. Stars in Tr14 are very bright and will guarantee very high S/N even in very short exposure times and narrow band filters. Observations have been organized in three visits: 1) Visit 01 will collect data in the filters F631N and F935N , and should be executed at the beginning of the cycle (before the end of November 2015); 2) Visit 02 will observe Tr14 only in the filter F631N and should be executed between March and April 3) Visit 03 will use the Tr14 again in both filters F631N and F953N; this visit should be be execute at the end of the cycle between August and September. Orientation angles have been chosen to be consistent with the requested observing window. Eleven e- of postflash have been added to each exposure to mitigate the effects of CTE. Because of the very high backgroun (Tr14 is in the Carina Nebula) we will use the first epoch dataset to carefuly verify that the ammount of postflash is not too high. In the phaseI we asked to observe Tr14 using subarray 2Kx2K, in preparing the phaseII we realized that using full frame observations will not affect the quality of pour astrometry, but will allow us to increase the fraction of monitored stars, therefore we have slightly modified our observing strategy. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 15157( 2) - 14-Jul-2017 13:01:32 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 CL-TRUMPLER- STELLAR CLUSTER, RA=10H43M56.0000S, J2000 V = 5.5 14-P3 EMISSION LINE NEBULA, DEC=-59D33'14.00" OB ASSOCIATION, STAR FORMING REGION, YOUNG ASSOCIATION Reference Frame: Other: SIMBAD Comments: This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 15157( 2) - 14-Jul-2017 13:01:32 - [ 4] Visit: 01 Visit Requirements: ORIENT 336D TO 92 D; BETWEEN 01-MAR-2018:00:00:00 AND 30-APR-2018:00:00:00 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 CL-TRUMPLER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CENT F631N FLASH=11, BLADE=A 1 5 S (5 S) POS TARG 0.180, 1.555 -14-P3 S ER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 CL-TRUMPLER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CENT F631N FLASH=11, BLADE=A 1 5 S (5 S) POS TARG 0.292, 1.429 -14-P3 S ER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 CL-TRUMPLER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CENT F631N FLASH=11, BLADE=A 1 5 S (5 S) POS TARG 0.186, 1.25 -14-P3 S ER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 CL-TRUMPLER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CENT F631N FLASH=11, BLADE=A 1 5 S (5 S) -14-P3 S ER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 CL-TRUMPLER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CENT F631N FLASH=11, BLADE=A 1 5 S (5 S) POS TARG -0.126, 0.306 -14-P3 S ER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 CL-TRUMPLER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CENT F631N FLASH=11, BLADE=A 1 5 S (5 S) POS TARG -0.186, -1.25 -14-P3 S ER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 CL-TRUMPLER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CENT F631N FLASH=11, BLADE=A 1 5 S (5 S) POS TARG -0.292, -1.49 -14-P3 S ER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 CL-TRUMPLER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CENT F631N FLASH=11, BLADE=A 1 5 S (5 S) POS TARG -0.180, -1.55 -14-P3 S ER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ CL-TRUMPLER-14-P3 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F631N none none none none 1 N/A S TER CL-TRUMPLER-14-P3 2 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F631N none none none none 1 N/A S TER CL-TRUMPLER-14-P3 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F631N none none none none 1 N/A S TER CL-TRUMPLER-14-P3 4 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F631N none none none none 1 N/A S TER CL-TRUMPLER-14-P3 5 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F631N none none none none 1 N/A S TER CL-TRUMPLER-14-P3 6 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F631N none none none none 1 N/A S TER 15157( 2) - 14-Jul-2017 13:01:32 - [ 5] Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ CL-TRUMPLER-14-P3 7 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F631N none none none none 1 N/A S TER CL-TRUMPLER-14-P3 8 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F631N none none none none 1 N/A S TER 15157( 2) - 14-Jul-2017 13:01:32 - [ 6] Visit: 02 Visit Requirements: ORIENT 146D TO 215 D; BETWEEN 01-AUG-2018:00:00:00 AND 30-SEP-2018:00:00:00 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 CL-TRUMPLER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CENT F631N FLASH=11, BLADE=A 1 5 S (5 S) POS TARG 0.180, 1.555 -14-P3 S ER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 CL-TRUMPLER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CENT F631N FLASH=11, BLADE=A 1 5 S (5 S) POS TARG 0.292, 1.429 -14-P3 S ER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 CL-TRUMPLER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CENT F631N FLASH=11, BLADE=A 1 5 S (5 S) POS TARG 0.186, 1.25 -14-P3 S ER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 CL-TRUMPLER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CENT F631N FLASH=11, BLADE=A 1 5 S (5 S) -14-P3 S ER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 CL-TRUMPLER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CENT F631N FLASH=11, BLADE=A 1 5 S (5 S) POS TARG -0.126, 0.306 -14-P3 S ER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 CL-TRUMPLER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CENT F631N FLASH=11, BLADE=A 1 5 S (5 S) POS TARG -0.186, -1.25 -14-P3 S ER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 CL-TRUMPLER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CENT F631N FLASH=11, BLADE=A 1 5 S (5 S) POS TARG -0.292, -1.49 -14-P3 S ER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 CL-TRUMPLER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CENT F631N FLASH=11, BLADE=A 1 5 S (5 S) POS TARG -0.180, -1.55 -14-P3 S ER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9 CL-TRUMPLER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CENT F953N FLASH=11 1 34 S (34 POS TARG 0.180, 1.555 -14-P3 S ER S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 CL-TRUMPLER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CENT F953N FLASH=11 1 34 S (34 POS TARG 0.292, 1.429 -14-P3 S ER S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11 CL-TRUMPLER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CENT F953N FLASH=11 1 34 S (34 POS TARG 0.186, 1.25 -14-P3 S ER S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12 CL-TRUMPLER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CENT F953N FLASH=11 1 34 S (34 -14-P3 S ER S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13 CL-TRUMPLER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CENT F953N FLASH=11 1 34 S (34 POS TARG -0.186, -1.25 -14-P3 S ER S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14 CL-TRUMPLER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CENT F953N FLASH=11 1 34 S (34 POS TARG -0.292, -1.49 -14-P3 S ER S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 15157( 2) - 14-Jul-2017 13:01:32 - [ 7] Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 15 CL-TRUMPLER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CENT F953N FLASH=11 1 34 S (34 POS TARG -0.180, -1.55 -14-P3 S ER S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ CL-TRUMPLER-14-P3 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F631N none none none none 1 N/A S TER CL-TRUMPLER-14-P3 2 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F631N none none none none 1 N/A S TER CL-TRUMPLER-14-P3 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F631N none none none none 1 N/A S TER CL-TRUMPLER-14-P3 4 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F631N none none none none 1 N/A S TER CL-TRUMPLER-14-P3 5 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F631N none none none none 1 N/A S TER CL-TRUMPLER-14-P3 6 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F631N none none none none 1 N/A S TER CL-TRUMPLER-14-P3 7 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F631N none none none none 1 N/A S TER CL-TRUMPLER-14-P3 8 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F631N none none none none 1 N/A S TER CL-TRUMPLER-14-P3 9 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F953N none none none none 2 N/A S TER CL-TRUMPLER-14-P3 10 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F953N none none none none 2 N/A S TER CL-TRUMPLER-14-P3 11 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F953N none none none none 2 N/A S TER CL-TRUMPLER-14-P3 12 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F953N none none none none 2 N/A S TER CL-TRUMPLER-14-P3 13 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F953N none none none none 2 N/A S TER CL-TRUMPLER-14-P3 14 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F953N none none none none 2 N/A S TER CL-TRUMPLER-14-P3 15 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F953N none none none none 2 N/A S TER 15157( 2) - 14-Jul-2017 13:01:32 - [ 8] Summary Form for Proposal 15157 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures UVIS-CENTER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations WFC3/UVIS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACCUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters BLADE=A, FLASH=11 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements BETWEEN 01-AUG-2018:00:00:00 AND 30-SEP-2018:00:00:00, BETWEEN 01-MAR-2018:00:00:00 AND 30-APR-2018:00:00:00, ORIENT 146D TO 215 D, ORIENT 336D TO 92 D, POS TARG -0.126, 0.306, POS TARG -0.180, -1.55, POS TARG -0.186, -1.25, POS TARG -0.292, -1.49, POS TARG 0.180, 1.555, POS TARG 0.186, 1.25, POS TARG 0.292, 1.429 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F631N, F953N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names CL-TRUMPLER-14-P3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------