Hubble Space Telescope Primer for Cycle 17

6.3 The Visibility Period

The visibility period is the amount of unocculted time per orbit during which observations of a given target can be made. Table 6.1 gives the visibility period for fixed targets of given declination, for moving targets (assumed to be near the ecliptic plane), and for cases in which the special requirements CVZ (Section 2.2.1), LOW Sky (Section 8.15.12 of the Call for Proposals), and SHADOW (Section 8.15.12 of the Call for Proposals) are used.

The visibilities listed in Table 6.1 are appropriate for 3-gyro mode.

The listed visibility time for the CVZ (96 minutes, i.e., the entire HST orbit) assumes that there are no SAA intersections in these orbits (see Section 2.2.2). This is the visibility time that you should use if you are planning CVZ observations, unless you know that you may have to observe in orbits that are SAA-impacted. In the latter case the visibility time is approximately 70 minutes per orbit. Note that CVZ orbital visibility should not be requested if there are special background emission or timing requirements (see Section 2.2.1).

Also included in Table 6.1 are visibilities suitable for use in Large Programs (see Section 3.2.2 of the Call for Proposals). Proposers submitting Large Programs should consult the Large Program Scheduling User Information Report which can be found on the HST Documents page (linked from the Cycle 17 Announcement Web page). This document contains a discussion of the issues surrounding Large Program scheduling.

Table 6.1: Orbit Visibility in Three-Gyro Mode.

Target	|Declination| (degrees)	Visibility [min.]	LARGE visibility [min.]	LOW visibility [min.]	SHADOW visibility [min.]
Moving	object near ecliptic plane	54	50	47	25
Fixed	0-30°	54	50	47	25
Fixed	30-40°	55	50	48	25
Fixed	40-50°	57	50	48	25
Fixed	50-60°	58	50	45	25
Fixed	60-70°	59	50	45	25
Fixed	70-80°	60	51	43	25
Fixed	80-90°	61	52	42	25
Any	Any CVZ declination	96	96	incompatible	incompatible

Visibility Period for Pure Parallel Observations

If you are proposing for Pure Parallel observations (see Section 4.2.2 of the Call for Proposals), then you may not know the prime target declinations. You should then use one of the following two options when planning your observations:

• Use the minimum allowed visibility period given your target selection criteria; e.g., if your requirement calls for fields around M31 (at a declination of 50 degrees), then use 57 minutes.
• Map out the exposures (plus overheads) you wish to obtain in an orbit for any legal visibility period (54-61 minutes). If you select this method, note that longer total exposure times typically have fewer opportunities to schedule.