12263( 2) - 09-Jul-2010 21:36:01 - [ 1] HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 12263 Version: 2 Check-in Time: 09-Jul-2010 21:36:01 STScI Edit Number: 0 Title Three Dimensional Mapping of the Magellanic Bridge by High-Resolution Spectroscopy toward Multiple Sightlines ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Type Cycle GO 18 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Investigators Contact? PI: Dr. Toru Misawa Shinshu University CoI: Prof. Jane C. Charlton The Pennsylvania State University Y CoI: Dr. Henry A. Kobulnicky University of Wyoming N CoI: Prof. Philipp Richter Universitat Potsdam N CoI: Dr. Paola Rodriguez Hidalgo The Pennsylvania State University N CoI: Dr. Bart P. Wakker University of Wisconsin - Madison N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract The Magellanic Bridge (the MB) is a physical connection between the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). The MB contains a young stellar population that was probably formed in local molecular clouds, while it is still not fully settled whether the larger Magellanic Stream, produced by the LMC/SMC unit sweeping through the Milky Way halo, contains only gas or has any stellar populations. We propose HST/COS spectroscopy of four sight-lines of the MB toward QSOs/AGNs behind it, covering various absorption lines such as O I, Fe II, Si II, C II, Si IV, and C IV. This will be combined with one existing STIS observation of B0312-770 which we have already modeled in detail, and with our recent high resolution VLT/UVES observations of all five sight-lines, covering Ca II H, K and Na I D_1, D_2. The five sight-lines cover a range of H I column densities from 10^19 (cm^-2) up to above the damped Lya (DLA) threshold. Effectively, the proposed COS observations of multiple sightlines through the MB will provide a map of the surroundings of a DLA absorber, allowing us to study how it connects with other classes of absorbers, and with the surrounding structures. Our goals are to (1) evaluate physical conditions of gas clouds in the MB along multiple sight-lines derived from the photoionization models, (2) search for correlations between the physical conditions of the MB gas, the H I 21cm radio emission density, and the distance from the SMC, and (3) compare the physical conditions of the MB to those of high-z absorption systems like DLA systems because the MB, with its low metallicity and possible dust deficiency, could be a local analog. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Observations Description ------------------------ Our goal is to observe 3 QSOs/AGNs with suffiently high S/N ratios (S/N ~ 10 per resolution element) in order to detect various UV absorption lines arising in the Magellanic Bridge absorbers, and fit Voigt profile models to them. For all the lines of sight we will use the G130M grating with lambda_c =1291?A to cover 1132?1433?A, and the G160M grating with lambda_c =1600?A to cover 1405?1775?A. The former covers Si II ??1190, 1193, N I ?1200, Si III ?1207, Ly?, N V ??1239, 1243, S II ?1254, Si II ?1260, O I ?1302, Si II ?1304, N II ?1317, C I ?1329, C II ?1335, and Si IV ?1394, 1403, while the latter covers Si II ?1527, C IV ?1548, 1551, Fe II ?1608, Al II ?1671. All of these were 12263( 2) - 09-Jul-2010 21:36:01 - [ 2] detected in the sightline toward B 0312 ?770. The spectral resolution of G130M and G160M (R ? 20, 000 ? 24, 000, FWHM ? 12.5 ? 15 km/s) is high enough to resolve absorption pro?les into multiple narrower components. As the TAC suggested, the flux of one the originally proposed lines of sight might have been overestimated, thus we selected the three best targets and redistributed 2 orbits to increase the S/N of the selected targets. As a result, we also include the setups G130M grating with lambda_c =1327 A and G160M grating with lambda_c =1577 A for HB89-0202-765. For the four setups of this line of sight, and the two setups of UKS-0242-724 and ESO031-G08, we will use the four-step 3 and 4 COS FP-SPLIT mode to reduce fixed pattern noise and avoid having important lines fall on grid wires. We used the ETC on the HST/COS web-site to calculate the necessary exposure times to obtain spectra with, at least, S/N = 10 per resolution element. The only direct information we have about UV flux of our targets are from the GALEX archive. However, most of our targets are located at the edge of observed frames and their GALEX fluxes might not be reliable. Instead, we estimated the UV fluxes of our targets by extrapolating from their optical fluxes. This procedure is acceptable because our targets are all at low redshift (z< 0.4) and Lyman limit (LL) systems, if present, would not a?ect our observed wavelength range (lambda > 1132A) unless zLL > 0.24. We used alpha = -1 as power-law index of quasar spectra, with which we never over-estimate the UV fluxes because the typical power-law index is alpha = -1.56. These fluxes are included as "Other Fluxes" later in the proposal. Real Time Justification ----------------------- Calibration Justification ------------------------- Additional Comments ------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12263( 2) - 09-Jul-2010 21:36:01 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 HB89-0202-76 GALAXY, QSO RA=02H02M13.7000S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = 16.90 0.3E-14 ergs/s/cm2/A 5 DEC=-76D20'3.00" +/- 0.1" Reference Frame: ICRS Comments: This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the NED database. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 UKS-0242-724 GALAXY, QSO, SEYFERT RA=02H43M9.6000S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = 15.9 0.9E-14 ergs/s/cm2/A DEC=-72D16'48.40" +/- 0.1" Reference Frame: ICRS Comments: This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the NED database. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 ESO-031--G-0 GALAXY, QSO, SEYFERT RA=03H07M35.5000S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = 14.98 1.3E-14 ergs/s/cm2/A 08 DEC=-72D50'2.50" +/- 0.1" Reference Frame: ICRS Comments: This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the NED database. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12263( 2) - 09-Jul-2010 21:36:01 - [ 4] Visit: 01 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 HB89-0202-7 COS/FUV ACQ/SEA PSA G130M 1291 SCAN-SIZE=3 1 17 S 65 RCH Comments: Acquisition exposure with G130M spectral element Calculated for 0.5*F(1700)=0.23E-14 erg/cm2/s/A COS ETC result for S/N=50 is 17 sec (id COS.A330397). Count rate 484 /sec. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 HB89-0202-7 COS/FUV ACQ/PEA PSA G130M 1291 1 17 S 65 KXD ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 HB89-0202-7 COS/FUV ACQ/PEA PSA G130M 1291 NUM-POS=5, STEP-SIZE=1.2 1 17 S 65 KD ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 HB89-0202-7 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 BUFFER-TIME=1049, FP-POS=3 1 1049 S 65 G Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 1589 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 HB89-0202-7 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 BUFFER-TIME=1048, FP-POS=4 1 1048 S 65 G Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 1589 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 HB89-0202-7 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1327 BUFFER-TIME=1581, FP-POS=3 1 1581 S 65 G Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 1589 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 HB89-0202-7 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1327 BUFFER-TIME=1581, FP-POS=4 1 1581 S 65 G Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 1589 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 HB89-0202-7 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 BUFFER-TIME=1581, FP-POS=3 1 1581 S 65 G Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 1589 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12263( 2) - 09-Jul-2010 21:36:01 - [ 5] Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9 HB89-0202-7 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 BUFFER-TIME=1581, FP-POS=4 1 1581 S 65 G Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 1589 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 HB89-0202-7 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1600 BUFFER-TIME=1581, FP-POS=3 1 1581 S 65 G Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 1589 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11 HB89-0202-7 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1600 BUFFER-TIME=1581, FP-POS=4 1 1581 S 65 G Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 1589 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ HB89-0202-765 1 COS/FUV ACQ/SEA PSA G130M 1291 none none none none 1 N/A RCH HB89-0202-765 2 COS/FUV ACQ/PEA PSA G130M 1291 none none none none 1 N/A KXD HB89-0202-765 3 COS/FUV ACQ/PEA PSA G130M 1291 none none none none 1 N/A KD HB89-0202-765 4 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 none none none none 1 N/A G HB89-0202-765 5 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 none none none none 1 N/A G HB89-0202-765 6 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1327 none none none none 2 N/A G HB89-0202-765 7 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1327 none none none none 2 N/A G HB89-0202-765 8 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 none none none none 3 N/A G HB89-0202-765 9 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 none none none none 3 N/A G HB89-0202-765 10 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1600 none none none none 4 N/A G HB89-0202-765 11 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1600 none none none none 4 N/A G 12263( 2) - 09-Jul-2010 21:36:01 - [ 6] Visit: 02 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 UKS-0242-72 COS/FUV ACQ/SEA PSA G130M 1291 SCAN-SIZE=3 1 17 S 4 RCH Comments: Acquisition exposure with G130M spectral element Calculated for 0.5*F(1700)=0.23E-14 erg/cm2/s/A COS ETC result for S/N=50 is 17 sec (id COS.A330397). Count rate 484 /sec. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 UKS-0242-72 COS/FUV ACQ/PEA PSA G130M 1291 1 17 S 4 KXD ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 UKS-0242-72 COS/FUV ACQ/PEA PSA G130M 1291 NUM-POS=5, STEP-SIZE=1.2 1 17 S 4 KD ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 UKS-0242-72 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 BUFFER-TIME=1055, FP-POS=3 1 1055 S 4 G Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 1589 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 UKS-0242-72 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 BUFFER-TIME=1054, FP-POS=4 1 1054 S 4 G Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 1589 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 UKS-0242-72 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1600 BUFFER-TIME=1587, FP-POS=3 1 1587 S 4 G Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 1589 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 UKS-0242-72 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1600 BUFFER-TIME=1587, FP-POS=4 1 1587 S 4 G Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 1589 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12263( 2) - 09-Jul-2010 21:36:01 - [ 7] Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ UKS-0242-724 1 COS/FUV ACQ/SEA PSA G130M 1291 none none none none 1 N/A RCH UKS-0242-724 2 COS/FUV ACQ/PEA PSA G130M 1291 none none none none 1 N/A KXD UKS-0242-724 3 COS/FUV ACQ/PEA PSA G130M 1291 none none none none 1 N/A KD UKS-0242-724 4 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 none none none none 1 N/A G UKS-0242-724 5 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 none none none none 1 N/A G UKS-0242-724 6 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1600 none none none none 2 N/A G UKS-0242-724 7 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1600 none none none none 2 N/A G 12263( 2) - 09-Jul-2010 21:36:01 - [ 8] Visit: 03 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 ESO-031--G- COS/FUV ACQ/SEA PSA G130M 1291 SCAN-SIZE=3 1 12 S 008 RCH Comments: Acquisition exposure with G130M spectral element Calculated for 0.5*F(1700)=0.33E-14 erg/cm2/s/A COS ETC result for S/N=50 is 12 sec (id COS.A330401). Count rate 559 /sec. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 ESO-031--G- COS/FUV ACQ/PEA PSA G130M 1291 1 12 S 008 KXD ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 ESO-031--G- COS/FUV ACQ/PEA PSA G130M 1291 NUM-POS=5, STEP-SIZE=1.2 1 12 S 008 KD ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 ESO-031--G- COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 BUFFER-TIME=1092, FP-POS=3 1 1092 S 008 G Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 1220 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 ESO-031--G- COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 BUFFER-TIME=1092, FP-POS=4 1 1092 S 008 G Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 1220 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 ESO-031--G- COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1600 BUFFER-TIME=1587, FP-POS=3 1 1587 S 008 G Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 1220 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 ESO-031--G- COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1600 BUFFER-TIME=1587, FP-POS=4 1 1587 S 008 G Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 1220 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12263( 2) - 09-Jul-2010 21:36:01 - [ 9] Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ESO-031--G-008 1 COS/FUV ACQ/SEA PSA G130M 1291 none none none none 1 N/A RCH ESO-031--G-008 2 COS/FUV ACQ/PEA PSA G130M 1291 none none none none 1 N/A KXD ESO-031--G-008 3 COS/FUV ACQ/PEA PSA G130M 1291 none none none none 1 N/A KD ESO-031--G-008 4 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 none none none none 1 N/A G ESO-031--G-008 5 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 none none none none 1 N/A G ESO-031--G-008 6 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1600 none none none none 2 N/A G ESO-031--G-008 7 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1600 none none none none 2 N/A G 12263( 2) - 09-Jul-2010 21:36:01 - [ 10] Summary Form for Proposal 12263 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures PSA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations COS/FUV ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACQ/PEAKD, ACQ/PEAKXD, ACQ/SEARCH, TIME-TAG ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters BUFFER-TIME=1048, BUFFER-TIME=1049, BUFFER-TIME=1054, BUFFER-TIME=1055, BUFFER-TIME=1092, BUFFER-TIME=1581, BUFFER-TIME=1587, FP-POS=3, FP-POS=4, NUM-POS=5, SCAN-SIZE=3, STEP-SIZE=1.2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements G130M, G160M ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names ESO-031--G-008, HB89-0202-765, UKS-0242-724 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------