STScI Preprint #1258


Searching for WR Stars in I Zw 18 -The Origin of He II Emission

Based on observations with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by AURA, Inc., for NASA under contract NAS5-26555
Authors: Duília F. de Mello1, Daniel Schaerer1,2, Jennifer Heldmann3, Claus Leitherer1
I Zw 18 is the most metal poor star-forming galaxy known and is an ideal laboratory to probe stellar evolution theory at low metallicities. Using archival HST WFPC2 imaging and FOS spectroscopy we were able to improve previous studies. We constructed a continuum free HeII 4686 map which was used to identify Wolf-Rayet (WR) stars recently found by ground-based spectroscopy and to locate diffuse nebular emission. Most of the HeII 4686 emission is associated with the NW stellar cluster, clearly displaced from the surrounding shell-like [OIII] and H emission. We found evidence for HeII 4686 sources, compatible with 5-9 WNL stars and/or compact nebular HeII 4686 emission, as well as residual diffuse emission. Only one of them is outside the NW cluster. We have done an extensive comparison between our results and the recent ground-based data used by Izotov et al. (1997) and Legrand et al. (1997) to identify WN and WC stars in I Zw 18. The differences between the various data may be understood in terms of varying slit locations, continuum fits, and contamination by nebular lines. We have calculated evolutionary tracks for massive stars and synthesis models at the appropriate metallicity (Z~ 0.02 Zsun). These single star models predict a mass limit MWR~90 Msun for WR stars to become WN and WC/WO. For an instantaneous burst model with a Salpeter IMF extending up to Mup~120-150 Mour model predictions are in reasonable agreement with the observed equivalent widths. Our model is also able to fully reproduce the observed equivalent widths of nebular HeII 4686 emission due to the presence of WC/WO stars. This quantitative agreement and the spatial correlation of nebular HeII 4686 with the stellar cluster and the position of WR stars shown from the ground-based spectra further supports the hypothesis that WR stars are responsible for nebular HeII 4686 emission in extra-galactic HII regions.
Status:
Appeared in: The Astrophysical Journal, 507:199-209, 1998

Affiliations:
1) Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
2) Current address: Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées, 14 Av. E. Belin F-31400, Toulouse, France
3) Colgate University Physics & Astronomy 13 Oak Drive Hamilton, NY 13346

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huizinga@stsci.edu
Last updated, June 18, 1998