Hubble Catches a Stellar Exodus in Action

May 14, 2015 1:00PM (EDT)Release ID: 2015-16
Side-by-side comparison of 47 Tucanae as seen by the Hubble Space Telescope, with the visible-light view on the left and ultraviolet-light view on the right. The visible-light view on the left shows a dramatically crowded starfield that looks like a just-shaken snow globe. The black background can hardly be seen against many thousands of tiny, white and pale-blue points of light, which are stars. These are joined by somewhat larger orange and red dots, some of which sport crosshair-patterned spikes. Several dozen small, light blue dots appear mostly along the perimeter. One larger, deeper blue dot is situated at right, at about 4 o’clock. Many of the tiny, white and pale-blue points are clustered in a circular swarm in the dense, central portion of the image. The ultraviolet-light view is broadly similar in features but looks not as bright and has less points of light. The image on the right has many small, light green circles scattered throughout the image, which mark locations of white dwarf stars.

Summary

Globular star clusters are isolated star cities, home to hundreds of thousands of stars. And like the fast pace of cities, there's plenty of action in these stellar metropolises. The stars are in constant motion, orbiting around the cluster's center. Past observations have shown that the heavyweight stars live in the crowded downtown, or core, and lightweight stars reside in the less populated suburbs.

But as heavyweight stars age, they rapidly lose mass, cool down, and shut off their nuclear furnaces. After the purge, only the stars' bright, super-hot cores remain, and they are called white dwarfs. This weight-loss program causes the now lighter-weight white dwarfs to be nudged out of the downtown through gravitational interactions with the heftier stars. At each encounter, the white dwarfs' orbits begin to expand outward from the cluster's packed center. Until these Hubble observations, astronomers had never seen the dynamical conveyor belt in action. The new Hubble results reveal young white dwarfs on their slow-paced 40-million-year exodus from the bustling center of the globular cluster 47 Tucanae in our Milky Way galaxy.

Full Article

Using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope, astronomers have captured for the first time snapshots of fledgling white dwarf stars beginning their slow-paced, 40-million-year migration from the crowded center of an ancient star cluster to the less populated suburbs. White dwarfs are the burned-out relics of stars that rapidly lose mass, cool down, and shut off their nuclear furnaces. As these glowing carcasses age and shed weight, their orbits begin to expand outward from the star cluster's packed downtown. This migration is caused by a gravitational tussle among stars inside the cluster. Globular star ...

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