Hubble Unexpectedly Finds Double Quasar in Distant Universe

April 05, 2023 11:00AM (EDT)Release ID: 2023-002
Artist's concept showing a chaotic, nebulous, tangled blur of blue, brown, red, white and gold against a black, deep-space field. This background field is peppered with more than a hundred apparently tiny red, yellow and white stars and galaxies. The colorful jumble is actually two merging galaxies positioned diagonally from the lower left corner to the upper right corner of the image. Two, closely spaced, white objects appear at the center of these merging galaxies. One object is slightly above and to the right of the other. Looking a bit like the yolks of sunny-side-up eggs, these are quasars, brilliant beacons of intense light powered by supermassive black holes voraciously feeding on infalling matter. Surrounding the quasars are bright blue clumps and filaments. A fuzzy, light blue glow overspreads the merging galaxies. Overlaid on this are stringy, brown and gold clouds.

Summary

A Pair of Merging Galaxies Ignite Black Holes on a Collision Course

Quasars are among the universe's brightest fireworks. Scattered all across the sky, they blaze with the opulence of over 100 billion stars. And, like a brilliant July 4th aerial flare, they are dazzling for a relatively brief time — on cosmic timescales. That's because they're powered by voracious supermassive black holes gobbling up a lot of gas and dust that gets heated to high temperatures. But the quasar food buffet lasts only so long.

This fleeting characteristic of quasars helped astronomers find two quasars on a collision course with each other. They are embedded inside a pair of galaxies that smashed into each other 10 billion years ago. It's rare to find such a dynamic duo in the far universe. The detection yields clues as to how unsettled the cosmos was long ago, when galaxies more frequently collided and black holes were engorged with flotsam and jetsam from the close encounters.

Because the two quasars flicker at different rates as their inflow of fuel waxes and wanes, they were identified as an unusual activity happening out in space. Hubble zoomed in and clearly resolved the pair, as well as their host galaxies.

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Full Article

The early universe was a rambunctious place where galaxies often bumped into each other and even merged together. Using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope and other space and ground-based observatories, astronomers investigating these developments have made an unexpected and rare discovery: a pair of gravitationally bound quasars, both blazing away inside two merging galaxies. They existed when the universe was just 3 billion years old. Quasars are bright objects powered by voracious, supermassive black holes blasting out ferocious fountains of energy as they engorge themselves on gas, dust, and ...

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