----- Submission 1 (Fri May 13 21:12:37 GMT 2005) ----- Assigned ID: 47 ----- Submission 1 (Wed Jan 19 21:31:13 GMT 2005) ----- Phase I Proposal 47 (edgeonC14) successfully submitted. The Formation of Spiral Spheroids and Their Globular Cluster Systems The assembly history of spiral galaxies remains one of the most pressing questions in astrophysics today. In particular, we do not have a clear picture of the formation mechanism for bulges of spiral galaxies. Are bulges of spirals simply "small ellipticals", formed via rapid dissipative collapse during the early universe? Or is bulge building through secular evolution of inner disk stars a more common mechanism? Is there any dependence on bulge mass? A powerful yet relatively simple way to probe these fundamental questions is by studying the properties of globular cluster (GC) systems of spirals. Specifically, bulge formation via secular evolution is expected not to form GCs, whereas bulge formation via dissipative collapse is. We therefore propose to obtain ACS/WFC imaging as well as ground-based, wide-field imaging of five edge-on Sa spirals which cover a factor ~15 in luminosity/mass, and for which spectroscopic follow-up is feasible. This constitutes the first luminosity-selected sample of early-type spirals, which will allow us to directly probe the dependence of GC properties on the bulge luminosity. We will detect a minimum of ~100-200 GCs per galaxy in the ACS images, sufficient to reveal GC subpopulations, their relative numbers, sizes, and radial distributions. This study will more than double the number of well-studied early-type spiral systems.
The wide-field channel of the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) is used with the two broad-band filters F475W and F814W for the 5 target Sa galaxies. This filter choice was driven by the wish to strike the happy mean between best sensitivity and longest color baseline. All long exposures will be split into two or three sub-exposures per filter. Short exposures have been added (one for each filter) for two targets for which rather bright stars fall in the field of view of the ACS images. The sub-exposures are positioned so as to allow cosmic-ray removal and two-position dithering. Center coordinates were chosen to ensure a full radial coverage of 4 bulge effective radii. Coordinated WFPC2 parallels were approved and inserted to provide a measurement of the number density of compact background galaxies as a function of magnitude and color, to be subtracted from the measured luminosity functions of the candidate star clusters in the ACS field. ORIENT constraints for every visit were chosen to avoid stray light due to bright stars near the field of view of the WFPC2 CCDs. Fortunately, these ORIENT constraints do not cause any problems regarding the schedulability of the visits. GALAXIES 12 false 0.0 false 2 false false false false SUPPORTED GALAXY SPIRAL BULGE J2000 10 18 5.6000 +21 49 55.00 J2000 GALAXY SPIRAL BULGE J2000 10 18 5.6000 +21 49 55.00 J2000 GALAXY BULGE SPIRAL J2000 12 49 38.9000 +15 09 56.00 J2000 GALAXY BULGE SPIRAL J2000 12 59 27.1000 +14 10 16.00 J2000 GALAXY BULGE SPIRAL J2000 13 47 0.4000 +60 58 23.00 J2000 GALAXY BULGE SPIRAL B = 13.70 +/- 0.10 J2000 14 05 12.4000 +55 44 31.00 J2000 ACS/WFC Imaging No No F475W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F814W WFPC2 Imaging No F555W WFPC2 Imaging No F814W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F475W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F814W WFPC2 Imaging No F555W WFPC2 Imaging No F814W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F475W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F814W WFPC2 Imaging No F555W WFPC2 Imaging No F814W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F475W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F814W WFPC2 Imaging No F555W WFPC2 Imaging No F814W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F475W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F814W WFPC2 Imaging No F555W WFPC2 Imaging No F814W POS-TARG DITHER 0.304318 LINE false false 2 26.07248 ACS-WFC-DITHER-LINE 1 false /var/tmp/OPVisit15016.xml NGC 3190 visit. ORIENT range to avoid stray light *and* positioning of WFPC2 parallels onto nearby galaxy. 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(Tic-Visit :proposal-id 10594 :visit-id "02" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20050323" :date "13-May-2005 17:10:02.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "26" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 1316160 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 10594 :visit-id "02" :obset-id "02" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 10594 :visit-id "02" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 367 :si-vis-utilization 2890 :al-overhead-at-end 122 :internal-dur-at-end 349 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3257 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0 /var/tmp/OPVisit14969.xml /var/tmp/OPVisit15018.xml NGC 5475 visit. ORIENTs chosen to avoid scattered light problems in WFPC2 images. (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 10594 :visit-id "03" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20050323" :date "13-May-2005 17:10:22.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 2 :saa-model "26" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 2961360 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 10594 :visit-id "03" :obset-id "03" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 10594 :visit-id "03" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 367 :si-vis-utilization 3830 :al-overhead-at-end 44 :internal-dur-at-end 0 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 4200.0 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 10594 :visit-id "03" :orbit-number 2 :pcs-time 367 :si-vis-utilization 3832 :al-overhead-at-end 134 :internal-dur-at-end 349 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 4200.0 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 2 0 /data/zappa6/sc1/paul/tex/propo/HST/Cycle14/Spirals/OP-cache/edgeonC14-v03.xml /var/tmp/OPVisit15019.xml NGC 5308 visit. ORIENTs chosen to avoid stray light in WFPC2 parallels. (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 10594 :visit-id "04" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20050323" :date "13-May-2005 17:10:39.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "26" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 2213648 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 10594 :visit-id "04" :obset-id "04" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :cvz T :proposal-id 10594 :visit-id "04" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 367 :si-vis-utilization 4975 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 349 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 0 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 0 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0 /data/zappa6/sc1/paul/tex/propo/HST/Cycle14/Spirals/OP-cache/edgeonC14-v04.xml /var/tmp/OPVisit15020.xml NGC 4866 visit. ORIENT ranges to avoid stray light into WFPC2 parallels. (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 10594 :visit-id "05" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20050323" :date "13-May-2005 17:11:00.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 2 :saa-model "26" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 2632320 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 10594 :visit-id "05" :obset-id "05" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 10594 :visit-id "05" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 367 :si-vis-utilization 2884 :al-overhead-at-end 143 :internal-dur-at-end 349 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3251 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 10594 :visit-id "05" :orbit-number 2 :pcs-time 367 :si-vis-utilization 2883 :al-overhead-at-end 134 :internal-dur-at-end 349 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3251 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 2 0 /var/tmp/OPVisit3928.xml