Changes: changed orientation 284.1 --> 272 for guidestar availability, tweaked POS TARGs of all fields to cover as much as possible the same area as with the 284.1 orientation, and changed sampling from SAMP-SEQ=STEP128, NSAMP=10 to SAMP-SEQ=STEP8, NSAMP=21 which provides more image readouts for the same integration time, resulting in better redundancy against cosmic rays. ----- Submission 1 (Fri May 13 22:50:50 GMT 2005) ----- Phase II Proposal 10620 (orionpropermotions) successfully submitted. ----- Submission 2 (Fri May 27 21:14:58 GMT 2005) ----- As explained in the proposal, this program uses POS TARGs from a single target to position all forty eight fields. The fields cover an area larger than the NICMOS camera 2 Field of View. Because of this, a diagnostic warning is generated for each of the 44 fields where the POS TARG carries the target outside the field-of-view. This falls under the case pointed out in the diagnostic message - these POS TARGs are done deliberately and for a scientific reason. As stated in the original submittal, the 43 diagnostics for POS TARG out of frame or some such, result from using POS TARGs to position each frame - which was done so the frames could be located relative to the detector x-y axes. Assigned ID: 553 ----- Submission 1 (Fri Jan 21 23:43:40 GMT 2005) ----- Phase I Proposal 553 (orionpropermotions) successfully submitted. Massive Star Formation and the Proper Motions of the OMC-1 Molecular Hydrogen Fingers The Orion Molecular Cloud OMC-1 is by far the nearest region of massive star formation, and as such provides a laboratory for studying massive star formation with unprecedented detail. Using NICMOS, eight years ago our group discovered unique molecular hydrogen 'fingers' emanating from the IRc2 area. We propose new NICMOS imaging of the same region to compare with our earlier results. This will determine spatial motions to ~3 AU/year. Using the two data sets, we will: 1) bound the age range of the features and thus address whether all the molecular hydrogen features were produced in a single event - such as an explosion or a stellar merger - or in multiple events/steady outflow; 2) limit the location of the outflow source(s), which remain to be identified despite sub-arcsecond imaging at thermal infrared wavelengths; and 3) characterize inhomogeneities on the 100 AU scale. Together these findings will significantly constrain how massive star formation proceeds in OMC-1. NICMOS achieves the highest quality, near-infrared images for diffuse objects in crowded regions. Because of the complexity of the OMC-1 region, and the difficulty in using Adaptive Optics to measure small position shifts for diffuse, low contrast objects, these high precision proper motion measurements require the stable PSF, high Strehl ratio, and low response in the PSF wings which HST/NICMOS uniquely provides.
Images of Orion BN-IRc in H_2 and the corresponding continuum will be made with NICMOS Camera 2. These images will be compared with previous camera 2 (program 7111) and camera 3 (program 7231) images to search for proper motions in the H_2 features. This program has a goal of seeing (1-sigma) shifts as small as 0.25 pixels. Conceptually, the program consists of 12 camera 2 fields - 2 adjacent fields per visit. These fields are labelled A-L starting in the northeast and proceeding west along each row and and then south to the next row. These fields generally abut either other, but a few have more overlap. The fields were laid out to provide nearly complete coverage of the camera 2 images of program 7111, good coverage over the interesting H_2 features in the Camera 3 image of program 7231, include a range of position angles around BN, and include features at a vaiety of distances from BN. The phase 1 proposal has a figure showing the approximate position of each field. Each field is observed using the equivalent of a 4 point spiral dither with a spacing of 64 pixels (= 1/4 the full field frame). Thus, there is significant overlap between each dithered position in a field and between the dithered positions in adjacent fields - in general each location on the sky will be observed four different times. The exceptions being at the edge of the mosaic (sky locations observed only once or twice), two small holes in the interior (sky locations observed only three times), and a couple locations where overlap results in more than four measurements. The dither serves to provide coverage of areas blocked by the coronographic hole and bad pixels. The dither and the location of each field are all positioned using pos targs relative to a single target near the center of field G in order to preserve the relative positions of the fields in NICMOS pixels over the orientation range and to make some allowance in the dither patterns for the non-square-ness of the NICMOS pixels. This accounts for all the diagnostic warnings about "target outside of the aperture".There are a few exceptions to the conceptual layout. The larger camera 3 mosaic of program 7231 has a different orientation than this program. Because of this some of the dithered fields mostly cover regions outside of the 7231 mosaic. Images A1 and C1 were moved to cover a more useful area. The H dither was 'stretched' to cover a few interesting H_2 features right at the edge, as was image K4. These opened up the 'holes referred to above. The order of the fields and of each dither position was generally systematic, but there are a few exceptions. The order of dithers containing 'moved' images was optimized to minimize telescope moves. More important was the impact of BN. BN is sufficiently bright that it may cause memeory effects in the NICMOS pixels. Images which contain BN (Fields D and I - one dither position, field E - two dither positions, Field G - all dither positions) were moved to the end of the visit to minimize the effects of this. A blank image was also usually inserted before any image which followed an image which included BN. To save time, the observations setup at one position on the sky and complete both desired filters before moving on to the next position. MULTIACCUM is used because of the large dynamic range expected. Because of the need to very accurately compare these observations with previous measurements, it is necessary to orient the telescope precisely in order to minimize uncertainties caused by distortion (non-square pixels) and the bright diffraction spikes from BN. Because of the necessity of two-gyro observing, it was not possible to use the same orientation as program 7111, so the orientation here differs from program 7111 by 180 degrees. Because these systematic effects are potentially more important than statistical errors, the program uses a tight orientation constraint to line up well with the previous camera 2 measurements, with all orbits using the same orientation. To improve schedulability, this is compensated by giving up some integration time and utilizing a schedulability of 100% for 4 of the visits. Two visits require additional blank images for BN resulting in schedulability being decreased to 70% and 50% for visits 2 and 4. STAR FORMATION 12 false 0 0.0 false 0 false false false false SUPPORTED ISM BIPOLAR OUTFLOW EMISSION LINE NEBULA HII REGION SHOCK FRONT STAR FORMING REGION GSSS plate saturated. IRc2 position is well known and a large area is being mapped. The coordinates of the center of NICMOS Camera 2 (APERTURE NIC2-FIX) are determined by offsetting on previous HST NICMOS images (programs 7111 and 7231) from the bright infrared and radio star BN, which has accurate coordinates from measurements with the Very Large Array (VLA). The regions of interest for this Program are extended. The actual telescope pointing could be different by 1 arcsec (much more than the uncertainty in the coordinates) without damaging this Program because the field of view of Camera 2 is 19 arcsec and many partially overlapping fields are being observed. H=9.8+/-0.2, K=5.4+/-0.2 J2000 05 35 14.5000 -05 22 32.00 J2000 NIC2 Imaging No No F212N NIC2 Imaging No No F215N All visits need to have the same orientation. It is assumed that this visit is executed first and the other visits have the same orientation as this visit. If desireable, any other visit can be executed first within the orientation range specified for this visit - as long as all subsequent visits have the same orient as the visit that is executed first. Fields A and D are in this visit. Field A1 has been moved to cover a more useful area at the edge of the program 7231 field. The last position in the D field dither contains BN, and so has an embedded blank between the line and continuum images. (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 10620 :visit-id "01" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20050323" :date "27-May-2005 13:23:10.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 8 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "23" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 388688 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 10620 :visit-id "01" :obset-id "01" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 10620 :visit-id "01" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 367 :si-vis-utilization 2636 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 112 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3028 :pcs-gap 0 ) false 1 0 C:\WINDOWS\TEMP\OPVisit42972.xml Fields B and E are in this visit. The last two positions in the E field dither contain BN, and so have blanks after them. To allow additional observing time for the blanks, the schedulability has been reduced. (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 10620 :visit-id "02" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20050323" :date "27-May-2005 13:27:31.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 8 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "23" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 392000 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 10620 :visit-id "02" :obset-id "02" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 10620 :visit-id "02" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 367 :si-vis-utilization 2753 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 110 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3132 :pcs-gap 0 ) false 1 0 C:\WINDOWS\TEMP\OPVisit42973.xml To clear chip from memory of BN saturation. To clear chip from memory of BN saturation. To clear chip from memory of BN saturation. Fields C and F are in this visit. Field C1 has been moved to cover a more useful area at the edge of the program 7231 field. (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 10620 :visit-id "03" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20050323" :date "27-May-2005 13:29:02.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 8 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "23" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 388688 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 10620 :visit-id "03" :obset-id "03" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 10620 :visit-id "03" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 367 :si-vis-utilization 2633 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 112 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3028 :pcs-gap 0 ) false 1 0 C:\WINDOWS\TEMP\OPVisit42974.xml Fields H and G are in this visit. Field H has been 'stretched' to cover a larger area at the edge of our field. All four positions in the G field dither contain BN, and so usually have blanks after them. To allow additional observing time for the blanks, the schedulability has been reduced. (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 10620 :visit-id "04" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20050323" :date "27-May-2005 13:29:42.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 4 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "23" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 393104 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 10620 :visit-id "04" :obset-id "04" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 10620 :visit-id "04" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 367 :si-vis-utilization 2794 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 127 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3174 :pcs-gap 0 ) false 1 0 C:\WINDOWS\TEMP\OPVisit42975.xml To clear chip from memory of BN saturation. To clear chip from memory of BN saturation. To clear chip from memory of BN saturation. To clear chip from memory of BN saturation. Fields J and I are in this visit. The last position in the I field dither contains BN, and so has an embedded blank between the line and continuum images. (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 10620 :visit-id "05" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20050323" :date "27-May-2005 13:32:14.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 7 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "23" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 388688 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 10620 :visit-id "05" :obset-id "05" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 10620 :visit-id "05" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 367 :si-vis-utilization 2643 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 112 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3028 :pcs-gap 0 ) false 1 0 C:\WINDOWS\TEMP\OPVisit42976.xml Fields K and L are in this visit. Field K4 has been moved to cover a more useful area at the edge of the program 7231 field. (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 10620 :visit-id "06" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20050323" :date "27-May-2005 13:33:31.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 8 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "23" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 388688 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 10620 :visit-id "06" :obset-id "06" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 10620 :visit-id "06" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 367 :si-vis-utilization 2636 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 112 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3028 :pcs-gap 0 ) false 1 0 C:\WINDOWS\TEMP\OPVisit42977.xml