Testing the Origin(s) of the Highly Ionized High-Velocity Clouds: A Survey of Galactic Halo Stars at z>3 kpc

Testing the Origin(s) of the Highly Ionized High-Velocity Clouds: A Survey of Galactic Halo Stars at z>3 kpc Cosmological simulation predicts that highly ionized gas plays an important role in the formation and evolution of galaxies and their interplay with the intergalactic medium. The NASA HST and FUSE missions have revealed high-velocity CIV and OVI absorption along extragalactic sightlines through the Galactic halo. These highly ionized high-velocity clouds (HVCs) could cover 85% of the sky and have a detection rate higher than the HI HVCs. Two competing, equally exciting, theories may explain the origin of these highly ionized HVCs: 1) the "Galactic" theory, where the HVCs are the result of feedback processes and trace the disk-halo mass exchange, perhaps including the accretion of matter condensing from an extended corona; 2) the "Local Group" theory, where they are part of the local warm-hot intergalactic medium, representing some of the missing baryonic matter of the Universe. Only direct distance determinations can discriminate between these models. Our group has found that some of these highly ionized HVCs have a Galactic origin, based on STIS observations of one star at z<5.3 kpc. We propose an HST FUV spectral survey to search for and characterize the high velocity NV, CIV, and SiIV interstellar absorption toward 24 stars at much larger distances than any previous searches (4<d<21 kpc, 3<|z|<13 kpc). COS will provide atomic to highly ionized species (e.g., OI, CII, CIV, SiIV) that can be observed at sufficient resolution (R~22,000) to not only detect these highly ionized HVCs but also to model their properties and understand their physics and origins. This survey is only possible because of the high sensitivity of COS in the FUV spectral range.

In order to achieve the goals of our study we need to measure the equivalent widths, column densities, kinematics of the high ions (CIV 1548, 1550, SiIV 1393, 1402, and NV 1238, 1242) and determine the relationship between high and low ions and atomic species (O I 1302, N I 1199, 1201, Si II 1304, 1526, Fe II 1608, etc). These species are available in the COS G130M and G160M and STIS E140M bandwidths. The absorption of these ions will be observed in the stars for which the distances are known. Stars in our sample satisfy the main criteria that they are at high z >3 kpc with known and accurate distances, suitable for interstellar studies, can be observed with COS or STIS, and are bright enough to achieve S/N>15-20. STIS E140M will only be used for targets that may be too bright for COS. For 13 of the stars, the UV flux was directly estimated from previous FUV observations. For another 5 stars, GALEX FUV magnitudes are available. Comparison between the flux derived from GALEX and the flux observed by HST, FUSE, IUE, or HUT shows that the GALEX fluxes are only accurate to a factor 2. We therefore also employ the stellar parameters to derive the exposure times (see below). Those estimates are in good agreement. However, because of the uncertainty in the fluxes, two stars (PG1511+367 and PG0855+294) may be too bright for COS and hence are STIS E140M targets. For field stars with no available FUV flux, we estimated the flux using the COS/STIS ETC with the temperature and reddening summarized in Target Description and ETC outputs, assuming the stars are on the main sequence. Most field stars have large v sin(i) consistent with main sequence B-type stars. We note that detailed model atmosphere analyses of the halo B-type spectra have provided reliable atmospheric parameters. We estimated that 19 stars could be observed with COS. For the remaining 5, we propose STIS E140M observations, which will have the same wavelength coverage and S/N, but will also provide a better resolution. Following the TAC recommendations, if STIS is not repaired, only the COS target list should be observed. For the brightest COS targets, our strategy is to divide the exposures in two subexposures in each segment. Following our contact scientist, we chose to select different central wavelengths rather than using FP-POS. Our setting allows us to have the high ions to be present in at least two different settings allowing us to reach S/N >~ 30 and to have a nearly full coverage of the COS G130M and G160M wavelength. For the faintest targets, our setting will allow us to combine G130M and G160M observations to increase the S/N to >~15 near the SiIV doublet lines. Not applicable. (See Observing description.) ISM AND CIRCUMSTELLAR MATTER 12 false 0.0 0.0 false false false false false false SUPPORTED STAR B3-B5 V-IV This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. F=(1.3-2)E-13 CGS (IUE) J2000 00 12 28.0000 +03 54 30.00 J2000 STAR B3-B5 V-IV This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. 13.23 (B) J2000 09 37 4.0000 +14 18 24.00 J2000 STAR B6-B9.5 V-IV This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. 14.54 (B) ; GALEX FUV_MAG = 15.29 +/- 0.03 (F=4e-14 CGS) J2000 09 17 12.0000 -00 08 36.00 J2000 STAR B6-B9.5 V-IV This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. 12.68 (B); GALEX FUV_MAG = 13.56 (F=2E-13 CGS) J2000 09 58 14.4000 +28 52 26.00 J2000 STAR B3-B5 V-IV This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. F=(2-4)E-14 CGS (IUE) J2000 10 05 29.3000 +50 20 39.80 J2000 STAR B0-B2 V-IV This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. F=50E-14 CGS (FUSE) J2000 12 46 14.0000 +27 15 6.00 J2000 STAR POST-AGB STAR This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. F=(12-15)E-14 CGS (IUE) J2000 13 25 39.4000 -08 49 18.00 J2000 STAR POST-AGB STAR This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. F=2E-13 CGS (HUT) J2000 17 06 46.8000 +22 05 49.00 J2000 STAR POST-AGB STAR This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. GALEX MAG_FUV = 15.00 +/- 0.02 (F=5E-14 CGS) J2000 17 11 17.2000 +14 08 46.00 J2000 STAR B0-B2 V-IV This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. F=(75-100)E-14 CGS (IUE) J2000 22 21 59.1000 +09 37 31.00 J2000 STAR POST-AGB STAR F=(10-20)E-14 CGS (STIS G140L) J2000 18 59 28.9900 -36 40 49.50 J2000 STAR POST-AGB STAR F=(1-3)E-14 CGS (STIS G140L) J2000 00 23 45.6000 -72 05 45.50 J2000 STAR POST-AGB STAR GALEX FUV_MAG = 15.92 +/- 0.01 (F=2E-14 CGS) J2000 15 18 35.4000 +02 05 45.30 J2000 STAR POST-AGB STAR F=15E-14 CGS (HUT) J2000 17 17 7.2000 +43 08 11.40 J2000 STAR POST-AGB STAR F=(2-3)E-14 CGS (IUE) J2000 15 03 58.6300 -33 04 8.40 J2000 STAR B0-B2 V-IV This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. 10.78 (B) J2000 01 25 27.6000 +21 36 48.00 J2000 STAR POST-AGB STAR This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. F=(20-30)E-14 CGS (IUE) J2000 08 37 35.0000 +67 24 18.00 J2000 STAR B3-B5 V-IV This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. 10.65 (B); GALEX FUV_MAG = 12.61 +/- 0.01 (F=4E-13 CGS) J2000 15 13 23.4000 +36 28 18.00 J2000 STAR B3-B5 V-IV This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. 12.70 (B) J2000 16 13 1.1300 +23 48 32.90 J2000 STAR B0-B2 V-IV This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. F=150E-14 CGS (IUE) J2000 22 37 38.2780 -18 39 51.23 J2000 STAR B0-B2 V-IV This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. F=(30-50)E-14 CGS (IUE) J2000 00 53 0.0000 -36 21 0.00 J2000 STAR B3-B5 V-IV This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. J2000 19 14 10.0000 +71 44 41.00 J2000 STAR B6-B9.5 V-IV This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. J2000 10 52 31.4480 -14 14 35.33 J2000 STAR B0-B2 V-IV This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. 11 (B); use GALEX FUV_MAG = 12.19 (F =6E-13 cgs) J2000 08 58 21.0000 +29 12 12.00 J2000 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G130M 1309 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G160M 1611 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G130M 1309 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G160M 1611 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G160M 1577 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G130M 1309 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G160M 1611 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G160M 1577 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G130M 1309 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G160M 1611 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G130M 1309 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G160M 1611 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G130M 1309 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G160M 1611 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G130M 1309 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G160M 1611 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G130M 1309 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G160M 1611 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G160M 1577 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G130M 1309 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G160M 1611 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G130M 1309 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G160M 1611 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G160M 1577 STIS/FUV-MAMA Spectroscopic No No E140M 1425 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G130M 1309 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G160M 1611 STIS/FUV-MAMA Spectroscopic No No E140M 1425 STIS/FUV-MAMA Spectroscopic No No E140M 1425 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G130M 1309 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G160M 1611 STIS/FUV-MAMA Spectroscopic No No E140M 1425 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G130M 1309 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G160M 1611 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G130M 1309 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G160M 1611 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G130M 1309 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G160M 1611 STIS/FUV-MAMA Spectroscopic No No E140M 1425 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 17.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. 1258186569000 76.72622284355378 (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "01" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20090130" :date "01-Jun-2009 12:56:57.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "31" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 591504 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "01" :obset-id "01" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "01" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2903 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 419 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3236 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 17.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "02" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20091209" :date "21-Jan-2010 16:20:58.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "31" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 739344 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "02" :obset-id "02" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "02" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2912 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 400 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3245 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 17.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "03" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20091209" :date "21-Jan-2010 16:21:13.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "31" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 147936 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "03" :obset-id "03" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "03" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2901 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 419 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3234 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 17.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "04" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20091209" :date "21-Jan-2010 16:22:47.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "31" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 695792 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "04" :obset-id "04" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "04" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2924 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 428 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3257 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 17.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "05" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20091209" :date "21-Jan-2010 16:24:05.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "31" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 278400 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "05" :obset-id "05" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "05" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 3112 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 390 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3445 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 17.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "06" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20090130" :date "01-Jun-2009 13:44:41.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "31" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 314000 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "06" :obset-id "06" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "06" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2934 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 542 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3267 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 17.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "07" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20091209" :date "21-Jan-2010 16:20:07.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "31" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 495888 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "07" :obset-id "07" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "07" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2909 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 381 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3242 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 17.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. 1254808086000 74.954746360928 (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "08" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20090130" :date "01-Jun-2009 12:57:10.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "31" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 608880 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "08" :obset-id "08" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "08" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2923 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 447 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3258 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 17.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. 1254813913000 78.41222493468729 (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "09" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20090130" :date "01-Jun-2009 12:57:12.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "31" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 634960 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "09" :obset-id "09" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "09" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2918 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 409 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3251 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 17.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "10" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20090130" :date "01-Jun-2009 12:57:12.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "24" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 104848 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "10" :obset-id "10" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "10" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2909 :al-overhead-at-end 196 :internal-dur-at-end 321 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3242 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 17.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "11" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20091209" :date "21-Jan-2010 16:24:49.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "31" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 565408 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "11" :obset-id "11" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "11" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2968 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 428 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3301 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 17.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "12" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20091209" :date "21-Jan-2010 16:25:14.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "31" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 147936 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "12" :obset-id "12" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "12" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 3312 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 419 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3645 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 17.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "13" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20091209" :date "21-Jan-2010 16:25:29.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "31" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 391456 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "13" :obset-id "13" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "13" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2901 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 438 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3234 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 17.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. 1255239182000 65.64811115725041 (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "14" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20090130" :date "01-Jun-2009 12:57:18.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "31" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 539344 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "14" :obset-id "14" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "14" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 3016 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 390 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3351 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 17.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. 1263677266000 275.0 (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "15" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20090130" :date "01-Jun-2009 13:28:20.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "31" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 147936 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "15" :obset-id "15" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "15" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2949 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 419 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3283 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 17.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. 1260602996000 76.70042651953707 (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "16" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20090130" :date "01-Jun-2009 12:57:21.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "24" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 104848 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "16" :obset-id "16" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "16" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2925 :al-overhead-at-end 196 :internal-dur-at-end 321 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3258 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 17.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "17" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20091209" :date "21-Jan-2010 16:26:23.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "31" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 974128 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "17" :obset-id "17" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "17" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 3266 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 466 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3599 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 17.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "18" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20090130" :date "01-Jun-2009 12:57:23.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "24" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 104848 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "18" :obset-id "18" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "18" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2977 :al-overhead-at-end 196 :internal-dur-at-end 321 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3310 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 17.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "19" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20091209" :date "21-Jan-2010 16:27:01.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "31" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 695792 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "19" :obset-id "19" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "19" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2916 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 466 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3249 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 17.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "20" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20090130" :date "01-Jun-2009 12:57:26.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "24" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 104848 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "20" :obset-id "20" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "20" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2924 :al-overhead-at-end 196 :internal-dur-at-end 321 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3257 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 17.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. 1261294919000 62.5301574744303 (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "21" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20090130" :date "01-Jun-2009 12:57:28.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "31" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 314000 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "21" :obset-id "21" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "21" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2974 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 542 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3310 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 17.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. 1255071744000 91.63479993420799 (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "22" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20090130" :date "01-Jun-2009 12:57:29.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "31" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 313184 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "22" :obset-id "22" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "22" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 3325 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 419 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3658 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 17.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "23" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20091209" :date "21-Jan-2010 16:29:25.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "31" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 861056 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "23" :obset-id "23" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "23" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2912 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 419 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3245 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 17.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "24" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20090130" :date "01-Jun-2009 12:57:32.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "24" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 104848 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "24" :obset-id "24" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11592 :visit-id "24" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2934 :al-overhead-at-end 196 :internal-dur-at-end 321 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3267 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0