While considerable effort has been devoted to statistical studies of the origin of the red sequence of galaxies, there has been relatively little direct exploration of galaxies transforming from late to early types. Such galaxies are identified by their post-starburst spectra, bulge-dominated, tidally-disturbed morphologies, and current lack of gas. We are constructing the first detailed timeline of their evolution onto the red sequence, pinpointing when star formation ends, nuclear activity ceases, globular clusters form, and the bulk of the merging progenitors' dust disappears. Here we propose to obtain HST and Chandra imaging of nine galaxies, whose wide range of post-starburst ages we have precisely dated with a new UV-optical technique and for which we were awarded Spitzer time. We will address 1) whether the black hole-bulge mass relation arises from nuclear feedback, 2) whether the bimodality of globular cluster colors is due to young clusters produced in galaxy mergers, and 3) what happens to the dust when late types merge to form an early type.

We request WFC3/UVIS high-resolution imaging on scales of ~ 0.04" (1 WFC3 pixel corresponds to 15-40 pc at z = 0.02-0.05) in order to detect globular clusters (as well as the other small-scale features) in nine post-starburst galaxies. Because the typical half-light radii of Galactic globular clusters are only several pc, they will be unresolved point sources regardless of their size and profile if they are sufficiently bright to have high signal-to-noise in a small aperture (2x2 pixels = 0.08"x0.08") against the underlying host galaxy light. However, their detectability drops very quickly as we degrade the resolution and pixel scale. Therefore, our need for HST is not to resolve the clusters, but rather for the improved point source sensitivity. We request three color (F336W,F438W and F625W) imaging for the one post-starburst galaxy younger than 250 Myr (target #7), and two color (F438W and F625W) imaging for the eight remaining older targets, because 1) (F336W-F625W) color is a good age indicator for globular clusters younger than ~200 Myr, 2) redshifted (F438W-F625W) colors at z~0.05 are reasonably sensitive to a wide range of ages (200 Myr to 1 Gyr), and 3) both the (F336W-F625W) and (F438W-F625W) colors rise monotonically in time allowing for a unique age solution. [Visit] We applied a POS-TARG (0",15") for each pattern to move the galaxies away from chip edges. [Special Requirement] We request Target Orientation and Coordinates for target (visit) #5,7 and 9 to make the target, its extended tidal features and companion galaxy be located within the same WPC chips. For target (visit) #1,2,3,4 and 8, we request minor orientation requirement to avoid a brgiht star in the same chip with our target galaxy. The impact of this minor orientation requirement on the visibility is minimal. [Exposure Time] From the SDSS images, we estimate the surface brightness of the most luminous galaxy can reach SURF(g)=13.0 and SURF(r)=12.5 at the center. Because exposures longer than 350sec (F625W) and 800sec (F438W) could exceed the CCD full-well limits, we place at least one short sub-exposure (200s and 400s in F625W and F438W, respectively) to avoid saturation. [Dithering Strategy] To improve the spatial resolution, eliminate hot pixels and cosmic rays, and to fill the chip gap, we request WFC3-UVIS-MOS-DITH-LINE pattern (3 mosaic pointings x 2 dithers = 6 pointings) for each filter. UNRESOLVED STELLAR POPULATIONS AND GALAXY STRUCTURE 12 false 90.0 0.0 false false false false false false SUPPORTED GALAXY ELLIPTICAL EA-SPITZER01 J2000 00 44 59.2400 -08 53 22.90 J2000 GALAXY ELLIPTICAL EA-SPITZER02 J2000 03 16 54.9100 -00 02 31.10 J2000 GALAXY ELLIPTICAL EA-SPITZER04 J2000 08 27 1.4000 +21 42 24.40 J2000 GALAXY ELLIPTICAL EA-SPITZER05 J2000 09 44 26.9600 +04 29 56.80 J2000 GALAXY ELLIPTICAL EA-SPITZER06 J2000 12 39 36.0500 +12 26 20.00 J2000 GALAXY ELLIPTICAL EA-SPITZER10 J2000 13 05 25.8300 +53 35 30.30 J2000 GALAXY ELLIPTICAL EA-SPITZER12 J2000 16 13 30.1900 +51 03 35.60 J2000 GALAXY ELLIPTICAL EA-SPITZER13 J2000 16 27 2.5600 +43 28 33.90 J2000 GALAXY ELLIPTICAL EA-SPITZER15 J2000 22 55 6.8000 +00 58 39.90 J2000 WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F438W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F625W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F438W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F625W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F438W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F625W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F438W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F625W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F438W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F625W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F438W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F625W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F438W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F625W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F336W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F438W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F625W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F438W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F625W POS-TARG MOSAIC DITHER 2 2.4 WFC3-UVIS-MOS-DITH-LINE false true 0.119 3 85.754 POS-TARG WFC3-UVIS-MOS-DITH-LINE 33.606 1 true The scheduling data was generated by CASM 17.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. We request minor orientation requirement to avoid a brgiht star in the same chip with our target galaxy. 1261039787000 65.0 (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "01" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20080609" :date "01-Jul-2008 13:32:02.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 2 :saa-model "29" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 3465008 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "01" :obset-id "01" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "01" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2908 :al-overhead-at-end 116 :internal-dur-at-end 0 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3242 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "01" :orbit-number 2 :pcs-time 195 :si-vis-utilization 3047 :al-overhead-at-end 116 :internal-dur-at-end 670 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3242 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 2 0 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 17.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. We request minor orientation requirement to avoid a brgiht star in the same chip with our target galaxy. (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "02" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20080609" :date "01-Jul-2008 13:31:11.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 2 :saa-model "29" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 3465008 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "02" :obset-id "02" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "02" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2903 :al-overhead-at-end 116 :internal-dur-at-end 0 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3236 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "02" :orbit-number 2 :pcs-time 195 :si-vis-utilization 3041 :al-overhead-at-end 116 :internal-dur-at-end 670 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3236 :pcs-gap 0 ) false 2 0 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 17.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. We request minor orientation requirement to avoid a brgiht star near the same chip with our target galaxy. (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "03" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20080609" :date "01-Jul-2008 13:26:44.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 2 :saa-model "29" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 3465008 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "03" :obset-id "03" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "03" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2923 :al-overhead-at-end 116 :internal-dur-at-end 0 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3258 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "03" :orbit-number 2 :pcs-time 195 :si-vis-utilization 3060 :al-overhead-at-end 116 :internal-dur-at-end 670 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3258 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 2 0 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 17.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. We request minor orientation requirement to avoid a brgiht star in the same chip with our target galaxy. (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "04" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20080609" :date "01-Jul-2008 11:35:36.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 3 :saa-model "29" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 4042464 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "04" :obset-id "04" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "04" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2903 :al-overhead-at-end 116 :internal-dur-at-end 0 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3236 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "04" :orbit-number 2 :pcs-time 195 :si-vis-utilization 3041 :al-overhead-at-end 116 :internal-dur-at-end 0 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3236 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "04" :orbit-number 3 :pcs-time 195 :si-vis-utilization 3041 :al-overhead-at-end 116 :internal-dur-at-end 670 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3236 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 3 0 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 17.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. We request an orientation requirement to include a companion galaxy. (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "05" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20080609" :date "01-Jul-2008 13:27:28.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 3 :saa-model "29" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 4042464 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "05" :obset-id "05" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "05" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2918 :al-overhead-at-end 116 :internal-dur-at-end 0 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3251 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "05" :orbit-number 2 :pcs-time 195 :si-vis-utilization 3056 :al-overhead-at-end 116 :internal-dur-at-end 0 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3251 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "05" :orbit-number 3 :pcs-time 195 :si-vis-utilization 3056 :al-overhead-at-end 116 :internal-dur-at-end 670 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3251 :pcs-gap 0 ) false 3 0 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 17.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. No special requirement. (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "06" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20080609" :date "01-Jul-2008 13:28:09.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 3 :saa-model "29" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 4042464 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "06" :obset-id "06" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "06" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 3118 :al-overhead-at-end 116 :internal-dur-at-end 0 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3453 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "06" :orbit-number 2 :pcs-time 195 :si-vis-utilization 3257 :al-overhead-at-end 116 :internal-dur-at-end 0 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3453 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "06" :orbit-number 3 :pcs-time 195 :si-vis-utilization 3257 :al-overhead-at-end 116 :internal-dur-at-end 670 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3453 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 3 0 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 17.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. We request an orientation requirement to include a companion galaxy. (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "07" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20080609" :date "01-Jul-2008 12:03:25.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 5 :saa-model "29" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 5774928 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "07" :obset-id "07" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "07" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 3118 :al-overhead-at-end 116 :internal-dur-at-end 0 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3453 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "07" :orbit-number 2 :pcs-time 195 :si-vis-utilization 3257 :al-overhead-at-end 116 :internal-dur-at-end 0 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3453 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "07" :orbit-number 3 :pcs-time 195 :si-vis-utilization 3257 :al-overhead-at-end 116 :internal-dur-at-end 0 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3453 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "07" :orbit-number 4 :pcs-time 195 :si-vis-utilization 3258 :al-overhead-at-end 116 :internal-dur-at-end 0 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3453 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "07" :orbit-number 5 :pcs-time 195 :si-vis-utilization 3258 :al-overhead-at-end 116 :internal-dur-at-end 670 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3453 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 5 0 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 17.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. We request minor orientation requirement to avoid a brgiht star in the same chip with our target galaxy. (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "08" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20080609" :date "01-Jul-2008 13:28:43.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 3 :saa-model "29" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 4042464 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "08" :obset-id "08" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "08" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 3018 :al-overhead-at-end 116 :internal-dur-at-end 0 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3351 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "08" :orbit-number 2 :pcs-time 195 :si-vis-utilization 3155 :al-overhead-at-end 116 :internal-dur-at-end 0 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3351 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "08" :orbit-number 3 :pcs-time 195 :si-vis-utilization 3155 :al-overhead-at-end 116 :internal-dur-at-end 670 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3351 :pcs-gap 0 ) false 3 0 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 17.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. We request minor orientation requirement to include a companion galaxy. 1258013777000 70.8106961051858 (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "09" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20080609" :date "01-Jul-2008 12:21:54.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 3 :saa-model "29" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 4042464 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "09" :obset-id "09" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "09" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2903 :al-overhead-at-end 116 :internal-dur-at-end 0 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3236 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "09" :orbit-number 2 :pcs-time 195 :si-vis-utilization 3041 :al-overhead-at-end 116 :internal-dur-at-end 0 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3236 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 11643 :visit-id "09" :orbit-number 3 :pcs-time 195 :si-vis-utilization 3041 :al-overhead-at-end 116 :internal-dur-at-end 670 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3236 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 3 0