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   Phase1ID="1069"
   Phase2ID="12814"
   Phase="Phase I"
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   <!--Date: Sat Feb 25 00:54:48 GMT 2012-->
   
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            NotificationAddress="pja@jilau1.colorado.edu"
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            <SubmissionLog>Assigned ID: 1069
----- Attempting Submission 1 (Sat Feb 25 00:54:48 GMT 2012) -----</SubmissionLog>
            
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   <ProposalInformation
      Category="AR"
      PureParallelProposal="false"
      Cycle="20"
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      <Title>Signatures of turbulence in directly imaged protoplanetary disks</Title>
      
      <Abstract>HST imaging of the edge-on protoplanetary disk in the HH 30 system has shown that substantial changes to the morphology of the disk occur on time scales much shorter than the local dynamical time. This may be due to time-variable obscuration of starlight by the turbulent inner disk. More recently, mid-infrared variability of protoplanetary disks has been attributed to a similar physical origin. We propose a theoretical investigation that will establish whether the optical and infrared variability is due to turbulent variations in the scale height of dust in the inner disk, and determine what observations of that variability can tell us of the nature of disk turbulence. We will use a new generation of global magnetohydrodynamic simulations to directly model the turbulence in an annulus of the inner disk, extending from the dust destruction radius out to the radius where turbulence is quenched by poor coupling of the gas to magnetic fields. We will use the output of the MHD simulations as input to Monte Carlo radiative transfer calculations of stellar irradiation of the outer disk. We will use these calculations to produce light curves that show how time variable shadowing from the inner disk affects the outer disk observables: scattered light images and the infrared spectral energy distribution.</Abstract>
      
      <PrincipalInvestigator
         Honorific="Dr."
         FirstName="Philip"
         LastName="Armitage"
         ESAMember="false"
         UniqueID="6488"
         Institution="University of Colorado at Boulder"
         Country="USA"
         State="CO" />
      
      <CoInvestigator
         Honorific="Prof."
         FirstName="Barbara"
         LastName="Ercolano"
         ESAMember="true"
         UniqueID="12145"
         Institution="Excellence Cluster 'Universe', Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet, University Observatory Munich (USM)"
         Country="DEU"
         AdminUSPI="false"
         Contact="false" />
      
      <CoInvestigator
         FirstName="Jacob"
         LastName="Simon"
         ESAMember="false"
         UniqueID="13244"
         Institution="University of Colorado - Boulder"
         Country="USA"
         State="CO"
         AdminUSPI="false"
         Contact="false" />
      
      <CoInvestigator
         Honorific="Dr."
         FirstName="Kristian"
         LastName="Beckwith"
         ESAMember="false"
         UniqueID="12382"
         Institution="Tech-X Corporation"
         Country="USA"
         State="CO"
         AdminUSPI="false"
         Contact="false" />
      
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      <Phase1ProposalInformation
         TotalTargets="1"
         Attachment="/Users/pja/Documents/proposals/hst12/phase1-AR.pdf">
         
         <ScientificCategory>STAR FORMATION</ScientificCategory>
         
         <ScientificKeyword1
            Keyword="Circumstellar Disks" />
         
         <ScientificKeyword2
            Keyword="Proto-Planetary Disks" />
         
         <ScientificKeyword3
            Keyword="Radiative Transfer" />
         
         <ScientificKeyword4
            Keyword="T Tauri Stars" />
         
         <ScientificKeyword5
            Keyword="Young Stars and Protostellar Objects" />
         
         <ProprietaryPeriod>12</ProprietaryPeriod>
         
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