Multiple populations in external globular glusters: the Fornax dSph, the LMC, and the SMC

This resubmission includes modifications to parallel fields (removing flash to short exposures) -839228885 ----- Attempting Submission 2 (Tue Aug 06 10:38:40 GMT 2013) ----- ----- Attempting Submission 3 (Sun Nov 03 07:53:10 GMT 2013) ----- ----- Attempting Submission 4 (Wed Nov 13 18:40:47 GMT 2013) ----- Multiple populations in external globular glusters: the Fornax dSph, the LMC, and the SMC The fact that the vast majority, if not all, Galactic globular clusters (GCs) host multiple stellar populations is nowadays commonsly accepted, thanks to a well settled observational scenario. Nevertheless, these are relatively recent findings, that brushed away the classical idea that GCs are the closest approximation of simple stellar populations, formed by coeval and chemically homogeneous stars. Since GCs are among the oldest structures formed in the Universe, and are relics of the first epochs of assembling of galaxies, and in particular of our Milky Way, understanding how GCs formed and their early evolution is important to shed light on giant galaxies formation. However, so far multiple populations have been searched only in Galactic old (> 10 Gyr) GCs. With this project we propose to extend such search to old clusters in nearby dwarf galaxies: the Fornax dSph, the LMC and the SMC. This will provide a valuable data set to compare with a ground base data for a large number of Galactic GCs collected by our group in the framework of the SUMO project. The main aim of this project is to verify if multiple populations exist in the GCs of these low mass galaxies, and to verify if their properties are similar to Galactic ones, or if the environment plays a significant role. This proposal targets 5 extragalactic globular clusters, namely in the LMC (3), SMC (1) and in the Fornax dSph (1). The observing strategy is very similar for all of them, repeating a 1-orbit visit with the WFC3 centered on the cluster, and the ACS in parallel. In each orbit, we observe with the WFC3 in three filters: F336W, F438W, F814W (F475W, F814W for the parallel). We introduced a small dithering pattern between individual exposures in each orbit, using the POS TARG keyword. The adopted ORIENT was selected in such a way to maximixe the overlap with existing archive data and/or and to place the parallel field on scientifically relevant field of the host galaxy. We tried to have the best compromise with the schedulability of each field. The three LMC clusters will be observed with one orbit each. The other two clusters were allocated 2 and 6 orbits. For them, we devise a strategy based on two pointings, observing half of the allocated orbits rotated by 180 degrees. RESOLVED STELLAR POPULATIONS Default false false false false false SUPPORTED STELLAR CLUSTER GLOBULAR CLUSTER This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the NED database. J2000 J2000 STELLAR CLUSTER GLOBULAR CLUSTER This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. J2000 J2000 STELLAR CLUSTER GLOBULAR CLUSTER This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. J2000 J2000 STELLAR CLUSTER GLOBULAR CLUSTER This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. J2000 J2000 STELLAR CLUSTER GLOBULAR CLUSTER This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. J2000 J2000 WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F336W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F438W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F814W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F336W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F438W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F814W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F336W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F438W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F814W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F336W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F438W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F814W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F336W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F438W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F814W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F336W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F438W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F814W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F336W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F438W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F814W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F435W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F814W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F435W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F814W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F435W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F814W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F435W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F814W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F435W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F814W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F435W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F814W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F435W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F814W The scheduling data was generated by CASM 21.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. /tmp/OPVisit4027820776421500049.xml 1384367481261 NGC121 orbit 1 (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 13435 :visit-id "01" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20131031" :date "13-Nov-2013 18:31:18.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "29" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 2580624 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 13435 :visit-id "01" :obset-id "01" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 13435 :visit-id "01" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 3301 :al-overhead-at-end 119 :internal-dur-at-end 1015 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3635 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 21.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. /tmp/OPVisit1714623603383382947.xml 1384367486977 NGC121 orbit 2 (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 13435 :visit-id "02" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20131031" :date "13-Nov-2013 18:31:25.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "29" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 2580624 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 13435 :visit-id "02" :obset-id "02" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 13435 :visit-id "02" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 3301 :al-overhead-at-end 119 :internal-dur-at-end 1015 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3635 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 21.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. /tmp/OPVisit8225893762967109411.xml 1384367492148 Reticulum (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 13435 :visit-id "03" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20131031" :date "13-Nov-2013 18:31:30.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "29" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 2580624 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 13435 :visit-id "03" :obset-id "03" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 13435 :visit-id "03" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 3157 :al-overhead-at-end 119 :internal-dur-at-end 1015 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3491 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 21.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. /tmp/OPVisit3945514539504809620.xml 1384367497313 NGC1786 (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 13435 :visit-id "04" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20131031" :date "13-Nov-2013 18:31:35.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "29" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 2580624 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 13435 :visit-id "04" :obset-id "04" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 13435 :visit-id "04" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 3248 :al-overhead-at-end 80 :internal-dur-at-end 1015 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3582 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 21.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. /tmp/OPVisit7401351046578845024.xml 1384367501934 NGC1898 (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 13435 :visit-id "05" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20131031" :date "13-Nov-2013 18:31:40.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "29" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 2580624 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 13435 :visit-id "05" :obset-id "05" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 13435 :visit-id "05" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 3249 :al-overhead-at-end 119 :internal-dur-at-end 1015 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3582 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0 Hst Same orient constraint links visits (06 07 08) The scheduling data was generated by CASM 21.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. /tmp/OPVisit6856957849076762302.xml 1384367598878 Fornax 4 orbit 1 (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 13435 :visit-id "06" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20131031" :date "13-Nov-2013 18:33:17.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "29" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 2296400 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 13435 :visit-id "06" :obset-id "06" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 13435 :visit-id "06" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2934 :al-overhead-at-end 122 :internal-dur-at-end 699 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3267 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0 Hst Same orient constraint links visits (06 07 08) The scheduling data was generated by CASM 21.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. /tmp/OPVisit5630323881924643460.xml 1384367618183 Fornax 4 orbit 2 (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 13435 :visit-id "07" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20131031" :date "13-Nov-2013 18:33:37.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "29" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 2296400 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 13435 :visit-id "07" :obset-id "07" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 13435 :visit-id "07" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2934 :al-overhead-at-end 122 :internal-dur-at-end 699 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3267 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0 Hst Same orient constraint links visits (06 07 08) The scheduling data was generated by CASM 21.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. /tmp/OPVisit8922476272078531913.xml 1384367639322 Fornax 4 orbit 3 (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 13435 :visit-id "08" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20131031" :date "13-Nov-2013 18:33:56.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "29" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 2296400 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 13435 :visit-id "08" :obset-id "08" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 13435 :visit-id "08" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2934 :al-overhead-at-end 122 :internal-dur-at-end 699 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3267 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0 Hst Same orient constraint links visits (09 10 11) The scheduling data was generated by CASM 21.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. /tmp/OPVisit3956321908226002096.xml 1384367651749 Fornax 4 orbit 4. Visit 9/10/11 should preferably be observed rotated by 180 degrees with respect of the visit 6 pointing. However, also 90 or 270 degrees are acceptable. (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 13435 :visit-id "09" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20131031" :date "13-Nov-2013 18:34:10.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "29" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 2296400 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 13435 :visit-id "09" :obset-id "09" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 13435 :visit-id "09" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2934 :al-overhead-at-end 122 :internal-dur-at-end 699 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3267 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0 Hst Same orient constraint links visits (09 10 11) The scheduling data was generated by CASM 21.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. /tmp/OPVisit8014484430052129669.xml 1384367666703 Fornax 4 orbit 5 (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 13435 :visit-id "10" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20131031" :date "13-Nov-2013 18:34:25.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "29" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 2296400 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 13435 :visit-id "10" :obset-id "10" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 13435 :visit-id "10" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2934 :al-overhead-at-end 122 :internal-dur-at-end 699 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3267 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0 Hst Same orient constraint links visits (09 10 11) The scheduling data was generated by CASM 21.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. /tmp/OPVisit8765722202222192452.xml 1384367712303 Fornax 4 orbit 6 (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 13435 :visit-id "11" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20131031" :date "13-Nov-2013 18:35:12.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "29" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 2296400 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 13435 :visit-id "11" :obset-id "11" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 13435 :visit-id "11" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2934 :al-overhead-at-end 122 :internal-dur-at-end 699 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3267 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0