Globular Cluster Orbits from HST Proper Motions: Constraining the Formation and Mass of the Milky Way Halo

Fixed minor typos here and there. 970920315 Assigned ID: 126 ----- Attempting Submission 1 (Wed Apr 08 17:58:42 GMT 2015) ----- HST Phase I Proposal 126 (HaloGCs.apt) successfully submitted. Receipt: # 126-1 ----- Attempting Submission 2 (Wed Apr 08 18:21:18 GMT 2015) ----- HST Phase I Proposal 126 (HaloGCs.apt) successfully submitted. Receipt: # 126-2 ----- Attempting Submission 3 (Fri Apr 10 18:48:33 GMT 2015) ----- PARALLELS SIGNIFICANTLY EXTEND ALIGNMENT TIME Changed visit 9's target to allow guide stars. -1259256870 ----- Attempting Submission 1 (Wed Jul 22 14:48:15 GMT 2015) ----- ----- Attempting Submission 2 (Fri Jul 31 19:05:00 GMT 2015) ----- ----- Attempting Submission 3 (Wed Aug 26 16:11:08 GMT 2015) ----- ----- Attempting Submission 4 (Mon Feb 27 17:31:12 GMT 2017) ----- ----- Attempting Submission 5 (Mon Feb 27 19:46:10 GMT 2017) ----- Warning is for visit already completed. Globular Cluster Orbits from HST Proper Motions: Constraining the Formation and Mass of the Milky Way Halo The globular cluster (GC) system of the Milky Way (MW) provides important information on the MW's present structure and past evolution. GCs in the halo are particularly useful tracers; because of their long dynamical timescales, their orbits retain imprints of their origin or accretion history. Full 3D motions are required to calculate past orbits. While most GCs have known line of sight velocities, accurate proper motion (PM) measurements are available for only a few halo GCs. We will create the first high-quality PM database for halo GCs. We have identified suitable 1st-epoch data in the HST Archive for 20 halo GCs at 10-100 kpc from the Galactic Center. We propose to obtain the necessary 2nd-epoch data to determine absolute PMs, using distant background galaxies as stationary reference sources. We will use the same advanced astrometric techniques that allowed us to measure the PMs of M31 and Leo I. Previous studies of the halo GC system based on e.g., stellar populations, metallicities, RR Lyrae properties, and structural properties have revealed a dichotomy between old and young halo GCs. This may reflect distinct formation scenarios (in situ vs. accreted). Orbit calculations based on our PMs will directly test this. The PMs will also yield the best handle yet on the velocity anisotropy profile of any tracer population in the halo. This will resolve the mass-anisotropy degeneracy to provide an improved estimate of the MW mass, which is at present poorly known. In summary, our proposed project will deliver the first accurate PMs for halo GCs, and will significantly increase our understanding of the formation, evolution, and mass of the MW. To measure absolute proper motions of our 20 target globular clusters (GCs), we will use compact background galaxies in the field of views (FOVs) as stationary reference sources. We will measure the average motion of stars in each target GC between epochs 1 and 2 with respect to these reference sources. Our analysis techniques and expected accuracies are described in the Phase I proposal. First epoch data are available in the HST archive as part of several previous programs. The present project will obtain the second epoch data. With the exception of NGC 2419 (Visit 20), the first epoch data were obtained in two filters (F606W and F814W) to make color magnitude diagrams that reach well below the main sequence turn-off of our target GCs. The available broand-band colors and depth are sufficient for separating GC stars, foreground stars, and background galaxies to first order. For the second epoch, it is therefore sufficient to take data in only one of the two filters. We will observe the target GCs using the F606W filter (F814W filter for Pal 13) using the same pointing and orientation used for the first epoch data. For the NGC 2419 field, only F814W data exist in the archive, so we will also obtain F606W images just deep enough to provide photometry accurate to 3-10% level for the giant stars. These F606W exposures will be short and will be taken within the same orbits as for astrometry. Individal exposures will be sub-pixel dithered (via POS-TARG) using customized dither patterns to maximize the pixel phase coverage. For all but Pal 15, we will use our deeper second-epoch data to build high signal-to-noise and high resolution templates for the background galaxies. Therefore, the individual exposures of our second-epoch observations are typically longer than those of the first-epoch observations. During our second epoch observations, the WFC3/UVIS (ACS/WFC for Pal 13) camera will be pointed ~6 arcmin away in the outer halo of each target GC. We will observe these parallel fields in F606W and F814W to construct color-magnitude diagrams and luminosity functions for the outer parts of the GCs. These data will be used to study mass segregations in our target GCs. RESOLVED STELLAR POPULATIONS 6 false false false false false false SUPPORTED STELLAR CLUSTER GLOBULAR CLUSTER J2000 J2000 STELLAR CLUSTER GLOBULAR CLUSTER J2000 J2000 STELLAR CLUSTER GLOBULAR CLUSTER J2000 J2000 STELLAR CLUSTER GLOBULAR CLUSTER J2000 J2000 STELLAR CLUSTER GLOBULAR CLUSTER J2000 J2000 STELLAR CLUSTER GLOBULAR CLUSTER J2000 J2000 STELLAR CLUSTER GLOBULAR CLUSTER J2000 J2000 STELLAR CLUSTER GLOBULAR CLUSTER J2000 J2000 STELLAR CLUSTER GLOBULAR CLUSTER J2000 J2000 STELLAR CLUSTER GLOBULAR CLUSTER J2000 J2000 STELLAR CLUSTER GLOBULAR CLUSTER J2000 J2000 STELLAR CLUSTER GLOBULAR CLUSTER J2000 J2000 STELLAR CLUSTER GLOBULAR CLUSTER J2000 J2000 STELLAR CLUSTER GLOBULAR CLUSTER J2000 J2000 STELLAR CLUSTER GLOBULAR CLUSTER J2000 J2000 STELLAR CLUSTER GLOBULAR CLUSTER J2000 J2000 STELLAR CLUSTER GLOBULAR CLUSTER J2000 J2000 STELLAR CLUSTER GLOBULAR CLUSTER J2000 J2000 STELLAR CLUSTER GLOBULAR CLUSTER J2000 J2000 STELLAR CLUSTER GLOBULAR CLUSTER J2000 J2000 ACS/WFC Imaging No No F606W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F606W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F814W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F606W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F606W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F814W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F606W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F606W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F814W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F606W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F606W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F814W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F606W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F606W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F814W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F606W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F606W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F814W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F606W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F606W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F814W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F606W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F606W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F814W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F606W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F606W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F814W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F606W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F606W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F814W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F606W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F606W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F814W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F606W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F606W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F814W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F606W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F606W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F814W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F606W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F606W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F814W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F606W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F606W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F814W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F606W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F606W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F814W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F814W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F606W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F814W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F606W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F606W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F814W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F606W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F606W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F814W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F814W ACS/WFC Imaging No No F606W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F606W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F814W 1488224644218 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 25.0. CASM was run in Phase II mode. /private/var/folders/7q/8p7_k1q56vlfhxhm_v9tnb6m0004ph/T/OPVisit3006786679329964803.xml This visit is for NGC 6101. Two orbits are required to complete this visit. Since our goal is to measure proper motions of GC stars with respect to compact background galaxies, our orientation is set to exactly match the first-epoch images of GO-10775. 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CASM was run in Phase II mode. /private/var/folders/7q/8p7_k1q56vlfhxhm_v9tnb6m0004ph/T/OPVisit2922680380625963455.xml This visit is for IC 4499. Two orbits are required to complete this visit. Since our goal is to measure proper motions of GC stars with respect to compact background galaxies, our orientation is set to exactly match the first-epoch images of GO-10775. 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CASM was run in Phase II mode. /private/var/folders/7q/8p7_k1q56vlfhxhm_v9tnb6m0004ph/T/OPVisit6664143963346478728.xml This visit is for NGC 2298. Two orbits are required to complete this visit. Since our goal is to measure proper motions of GC stars with respect to compact background galaxies, our orientation is set to exactly match the first-epoch images of GO-10775. 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CASM was run in Phase II mode. /private/var/folders/7q/8p7_k1q56vlfhxhm_v9tnb6m0004ph/T/OPVisit6924442983443159565.xml This visit is for Pal 12. Two orbits are required to complete this visit. Since our goal is to measure proper motions of GC stars with respect to compact background galaxies, our orientation is set to exactly match the first-epoch images of GO-10775. 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CASM was run in Phase II mode. /private/var/folders/7q/8p7_k1q56vlfhxhm_v9tnb6m0004ph/T/OPVisit1547413895498888795.xml This visit is for Terzan 7. Two orbits are required to complete this visit. Since our goal is to measure proper motions of GC stars with respect to compact background galaxies, our orientation is set to exactly match the first-epoch images of GO-10775. 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CASM was run in Phase II mode. /private/var/folders/7q/8p7_k1q56vlfhxhm_v9tnb6m0004ph/T/OPVisit913182097660736383.xml This visit is for NGC 5466. Two orbits are required to complete this visit. Since our goal is to measure proper motions of GC stars with respect to compact background galaxies, our orientation is set to exactly match the first-epoch images of GO-10775. We adopt a customized dither pattern to optimally cover the pixel phase using the POS-TARG requirements. 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CASM was run in Phase II mode. /private/var/folders/7q/8p7_k1q56vlfhxhm_v9tnb6m0004ph/T/OPVisit7055754455760946550.xml This visit is for NGC 5053. Two orbits are required to complete this visit. Since our goal is to measure proper motions of GC stars with respect to compact background galaxies, our orientation is set to exactly match the first-epoch images of GO-10775. We adopt a customized dither pattern to optimally cover the pixel phase using the POS-TARG requirements. 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CASM was run in Phase II mode. /private/var/folders/7q/8p7_k1q56vlfhxhm_v9tnb6m0004ph/T/OPVisit4114526443841096494.xml This visit is for NGC 1261. Two orbits are required to complete this visit. Since our goal is to measure proper motions of GC stars with respect to compact background galaxies, our orientation is set to exactly match the first-epoch images of GO-10775. We adopt a customized dither pattern to optimally cover the pixel phase using the POS-TARG requirements. 1489314218000 121.804963413726 (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "10" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20170109" :date "27-Feb-2017 14:44:22.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 2 :saa-model "29" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 3712992 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "10" :obset-id "10" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "10" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 241 :si-vis-utilization 3123 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 1015 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3456 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "10" :orbit-number 2 :pcs-time 176 :si-vis-utilization 3227 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 1015 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3456 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 2 0 1488224664566 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 25.0. CASM was run in Phase II mode. /private/var/folders/7q/8p7_k1q56vlfhxhm_v9tnb6m0004ph/T/OPVisit493420466106554738.xml This visit is for NGC 5024. Two orbits are required to complete this visit. Since our goal is to measure proper motions of GC stars with respect to compact background galaxies, our orientation is set to exactly match the first-epoch images of GO-10775. We adopt a customized dither pattern to optimally cover the pixel phase using the POS-TARG requirements. 1456086629000 257.46680000000003 (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "11" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20170109" :date "27-Feb-2017 14:44:24.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 2 :saa-model "29" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 3712992 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "11" :obset-id "11" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "11" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2888 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 1015 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3221 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "11" :orbit-number 2 :pcs-time 222 :si-vis-utilization 2999 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 1015 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3221 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 2 0 1488224665964 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 25.0. CASM was run in Phase II mode. /private/var/folders/7q/8p7_k1q56vlfhxhm_v9tnb6m0004ph/T/OPVisit3592369578356122592.xml This visit is for Rup 106. Two orbits are required to complete this visit. Since our goal is to measure proper motions of GC stars with respect to compact background galaxies, our orientation is set to exactly match the first-epoch images of GO-11586. We adopt a customized dither pattern to optimally cover the pixel phase using the POS-TARG requirements. 1468318391000 107.33980000000003 (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "12" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20170109" :date "27-Feb-2017 14:44:25.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 2 :saa-model "29" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 3144560 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "12" :obset-id "12" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "12" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 3070 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 347 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3403 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "12" :orbit-number 2 :pcs-time 222 :si-vis-utilization 3181 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 1015 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3403 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 2 0 1488224667761 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 25.0. CASM was run in Phase II mode. /private/var/folders/7q/8p7_k1q56vlfhxhm_v9tnb6m0004ph/T/OPVisit2357444134265336265.xml This visit is for Terzan 8. Two orbits are required to complete this visit. Since our goal is to measure proper motions of GC stars with respect to compact background galaxies, our orientation is set to exactly match the first-epoch images of GO-10775. We adopt a customized dither pattern to optimally cover the pixel phase using the POS-TARG requirements. 1461852090000 275.012 (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "13" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20170109" :date "27-Feb-2017 14:44:27.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 2 :saa-model "29" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 3712992 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "13" :obset-id "13" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "13" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2912 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 1015 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3245 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "13" :orbit-number 2 :pcs-time 222 :si-vis-utilization 3023 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 1015 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3245 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 2 0 1488224669961 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 25.0. CASM was run in Phase II mode. /private/var/folders/7q/8p7_k1q56vlfhxhm_v9tnb6m0004ph/T/OPVisit984520420440878992.xml This visit is for NGC 4147. Two orbits are required to complete this visit. Since our goal is to measure proper motions of GC stars with respect to compact background galaxies, our orientation is set to exactly match the first-epoch images of GO-10775. We adopt a customized dither pattern to optimally cover the pixel phase using the POS-TARG requirements. (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "14" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20170109" :date "27-Feb-2017 14:44:29.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 2 :saa-model "29" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 3712992 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "14" :obset-id "14" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "14" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2888 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 1015 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3221 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "14" :orbit-number 2 :pcs-time 222 :si-vis-utilization 2999 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 1015 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3221 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 2 0 1488224671670 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 25.0. CASM was run in Phase II mode. /private/var/folders/7q/8p7_k1q56vlfhxhm_v9tnb6m0004ph/T/OPVisit8694053986865770681.xml This visit is for Arp 2. Two orbits are required to complete this visit. Since our goal is to measure proper motions of GC stars with respect to compact background galaxies, our orientation is set to exactly match the first-epoch images of GO-10775. We adopt a customized dither pattern to optimally cover the pixel phase using the POS-TARG requirements. 1462310288000 263.2411000000001 (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "15" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20170109" :date "27-Feb-2017 14:44:31.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 2 :saa-model "29" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 3712992 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "15" :obset-id "15" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "15" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2912 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 1015 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3245 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "15" :orbit-number 2 :pcs-time 222 :si-vis-utilization 3023 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 1015 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3245 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 2 0 1488224673055 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 25.0. CASM was run in Phase II mode. /private/var/folders/7q/8p7_k1q56vlfhxhm_v9tnb6m0004ph/T/OPVisit2025360719145767877.xml This visit is for Pal 13. Two orbits are required to complete this visit. Since our goal is to measure proper motions of GC stars with respect to compact background galaxies, our orientation is set to exactly match the first-epoch images of GO-11680. We adopt a customized dither pattern to optimally cover the pixel phase using the POS-TARG requirements. 1468607057000 238.2323 (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "16" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20170109" :date "27-Feb-2017 14:44:32.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 2 :saa-model "29" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 2869376 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "16" :obset-id "16" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "16" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2885 :al-overhead-at-end 116 :internal-dur-at-end 0 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3218 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "16" :orbit-number 2 :pcs-time 222 :si-vis-utilization 2990 :al-overhead-at-end 90 :internal-dur-at-end 1015 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3218 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 2 0 1488224674581 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 25.0. CASM was run in Phase II mode. /private/var/folders/7q/8p7_k1q56vlfhxhm_v9tnb6m0004ph/T/OPVisit5704542848654391879.xml This visit is for Pal 15. Two orbits are required to complete this visit. Since our goal is to measure proper motions of GC stars with respect to compact background galaxies, our orientation is set to exactly match the first-epoch images of GO-11586. We adopt a customized dither pattern to optimally cover the pixel phase using the POS-TARG requirements. 1444368404000 81.25420000000008 (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "17" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20170109" :date "27-Feb-2017 14:44:34.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 2 :saa-model "29" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 3428768 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "17" :obset-id "17" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "17" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2877 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 668 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3210 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "17" :orbit-number 2 :pcs-time 222 :si-vis-utilization 2975 :al-overhead-at-end 30 :internal-dur-at-end 1015 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3210 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 2 0 1488224675979 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 25.0. CASM was run in Phase II mode. /private/var/folders/7q/8p7_k1q56vlfhxhm_v9tnb6m0004ph/T/OPVisit1566297496947102462.xml This visit is for NGC 7006. Two orbits are required to complete this visit. Since our goal is to measure proper motions of GC stars with respect to compact background galaxies, our orientation is set to exactly match the first-epoch images of GO-11586. We adopt a customized dither pattern to optimally cover the pixel phase using the POS-TARG requirements 1474976827000 95.03120000000001 (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "18" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20170109" :date "27-Feb-2017 14:44:35.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 2 :saa-model "29" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 3144560 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "18" :obset-id "18" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "18" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2888 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 347 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3221 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "18" :orbit-number 2 :pcs-time 222 :si-vis-utilization 2999 :al-overhead-at-end 6 :internal-dur-at-end 1015 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3221 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 2 0 1488224677414 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 25.0. CASM was run in Phase II mode. /private/var/folders/7q/8p7_k1q56vlfhxhm_v9tnb6m0004ph/T/OPVisit4091511502171315533.xml This visit is for Pyxis. Two orbits are required to complete this visit. Since our goal is to measure proper motions of GC stars with respect to compact background galaxies, our orientation is set to exactly match the first-epoch images of GO-11586. We adopt a customized dither pattern to optimally cover the pixel phase using the POS-TARG requirements. 1444503186000 256.8598 (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "19" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20170109" :date "27-Feb-2017 14:44:37.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 2 :saa-model "29" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 3144560 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "19" :obset-id "19" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "19" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2934 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 347 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3267 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "19" :orbit-number 2 :pcs-time 222 :si-vis-utilization 3045 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 1015 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3267 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 2 0 1488224679771 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 25.0. CASM was run in Phase II mode. /private/var/folders/7q/8p7_k1q56vlfhxhm_v9tnb6m0004ph/T/OPVisit7690982135211622245.xml This visit is for NGC 2419. Two orbits are required to complete this visit. Since our goal is to measure proper motions of GC stars with respect to compact background galaxies, our orientation is set to exactly match the first-epoch images of GO-10815. We adopt a customized dither pattern to optimally cover the pixel phase using the POS-TARG requirements. 1480083491000 257.27 (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "20" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20170109" :date "27-Feb-2017 14:44:39.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 4 :saa-model "29" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 5143168 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "20" :obset-id "20" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "20" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 2934 :al-overhead-at-end 13 :internal-dur-at-end 0 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3267 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "20" :orbit-number 2 :pcs-time 222 :si-vis-utilization 3045 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 0 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3267 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "20" :orbit-number 3 :pcs-time 222 :si-vis-utilization 3029 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 352 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3267 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 14235 :visit-id "20" :orbit-number 4 :pcs-time 222 :si-vis-utilization 3045 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 347 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3267 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 4 0