The number of orbits used exceeds the number allocated Hi Denise, i revised this Phase2 to add a new visit (12), to replace failed visit 11, in case the HOPR i submitted today leads to a re-observation in Oct. -tom -472601063 ----- Attempting Submission 1 (Sat Jul 04 17:21:38 GMT 2015) ----- ----- Attempting Submission 2 (Sat Sep 10 22:20:57 GMT 2016) ----- Targets confimed independently of Target Confirmation Chart (very bright stars) BOT not needed because this series of observations has been carried out successfully, an safely, in Cyc 22 program GO-13938 Run All Tools successfully completed Nearby Alpha Centauri AB (G2V+K1V) contains the two best characterized solar-like dwarf stars, which also have the best studied multi-MK coronal X-ray activity cycles, extending back to the 1970's. Objective is to continue tracking the evolving multi-decadal high-energy narrative of Alpha Cen with semiannual X-ray pointings in Chandra Cycles 16-18, as the system reaches a coronal crossroads: solar twin A rising toward starspot cycle maximum, K-type companion B sinking into a minimum. HST/STIS UV spectra will support and leverage the X-ray measurements by probing chromospheric and subcoronal dynamics, with connection to the corona through the FUV Fe XII 1242 forbidden line. Only Chandra can resolve the AB X-ray pair as the Alpha Cen orbit also reaches a crossroads in 2016 (only 4" separation), and only HST/STIS can measure the bright Alpha Cen stars with sufficient UV spectral resultion and wavelength coherence. What's more, the recent validation of the STIS NDA,B,C long slits for echelle use now make feasible NUV E230H measurements (e.g., of key chromospheric tracers Mg II 2800 and Mg I 2852) which heretofore were not practical in a long-term program of this nature. The STIS observations are straightforward. Alpha Cen falls in the HST Continuous Viewing Zone numerous times during the year, allowing the two stars to be captured in a single visit of just two orbits. Two such visits (four orbits total), about six months apart, are contemplated for Cycle 23, compatible with the semiannual pointings by Chandra. There is no need to strictly coordinate the FUV and X-ray visits, because the FUV Fe XII 124 nm coronal forbidden line can tie the STIS observation into the X-ray framework. In each HST/STIS visit, the binary companions are observed sequentially, beginning with Alp Cen A, brighter of the two. The target is acquired with the CCD and F25ND5, followed by a 1500 s exposure with the E140M-1425 medium-res echelle through the photometric slot (0.2x0.2), which delivers R=40,000 and good sensitivity (peak S/N=30 per resol at the tops of the important Si IV 140 nm and C IV 155 nm resonance lines). The exposure depth is sufficient to capture the key Fe XII 124 nm coronal forbidden line, which as mentioned earlier is used to tie the STIS FUV measurements into the X-ray timeline. The combination of resolution, spectral coverage, and sensitivity of E140M for A has proven successful in previous incarnations of this program. Following the E140M exposure, a peak-up is performed with the 31x0.05NDC slit in dispersed visible light with the CCD and G430M-4194, then an E230H exposure (setting 2812) is taken through that slit, for 500 s. Previously, this exposure would have to have been done with ND2 and 4x the exposure duration. The setting covers the key chromospheric Mg II 280 nm resonance lines (and Mg I 285 nm), a new focus of the joint program with Chandra. After the Alp Cen A exposures are completed, a ~4" offset manuever is performed to B, and a peak-up is performed in dispersed light (G430L-4300) with 0.3x0.05ND3 to precisely locate the target. This particular slit was chosen because the default peak-up sweeps out a sufficient area (0.3"x0.3") to capture the B component, given that the time-dependent separation of the binary companions is accurately known to ~0.1", based on orbital reconstructions to fit ten years of positional measurements by Chandra. Given that the AB orbital separation is changing relatively rapidly in the current epoch, Alp Cen B was specified as two separate targets, with different offsets, to reflect the orbital evolution over the six months between the two STIS visits. Similarly, although Alp Cen A is specified as a single target, the position and proper motion for Cycle 23 were updated based on combining the orbital and proper motion solutions derived from the Chandra positions. This strategy has worked well for the post-SM4 STIS visits to AB. After the peak-up on B, a 1500 s E140H-1307 exposure through the photometric aperture is taken, followed by an E140H-1486 exposure also for 1500 s. This is a departure from the previous exclusive use of E140M for B in the previous Alp Cen campaigns, but is dictated by recently published results from 4 years of STIS observations of B (Ayres 2015, AJ), which show that its FUV "hot lines" (like Si IV and C IV) are narrower than those of A, and display smaller Doppler shifts. Thus, B would benefit from the higher resolution measurements, with more precise wavelength scales, of E140H. The specified pair of exposures is the minimum required to cover the key region from Si III 120 nm up to beyond the C IV 155 nm doublet, with overlapping coverage in the important Si IV 140 nm region. By using the 0.2x0.2 photometric aperture, sensitivity is maximized without significantly sacrificing resolution. The 2x higher exposure depth for B in the key 1307/1489 overlap region reflects the fact that, despite being chromospherically more active than A, B is fainter in apparent flux due mainly to its smaller size; and further, B has been declining in activity the past several years as it falls to a starspot minimum (while A has been climbing to a peak of its own). After the E140H exposures, a pair of E230H's are taken (settings 2713 & 2862), for 745 s each. The 0.2x0.09 spectroscopic aperture can be used for 2713, because the predicted Global Count Rate is 7% below the bright limit, and B is only minimally variable in the continuum light that dominates that setting (the Mg II lines can be more variable, but do not contribute signifcantly to the total flux in that region; and do not approach the local bright limit). However, the continuum light picks up significantly in the 2862 setting and NDA must be used to keep the GCR below the limit. (Technically, the 0.1x0.03 "Jenkins" slit also would be an option to bring the GCR below the limit, but that aperture requires an expensive double peak-up, and previous experience has shown that even with the peak-up, the effective throughputs can be quite unreliable. NDA appears to be much more reproducible, even though its nominal throughput is lower.) Because of the use of NDA for the H-2862 exposure, a prior peak-up in that aperture must be performed. The pair of exposures allows for similar spectral coverage as the E230H-2812 for A (i.e., up to Mg I 285 nm), but also achieves enhanced S/N at the Mg II lines by the deeper effective exposure with H-2713 and H-2852, which overlap in the Mg II region. The E230H pair also improves mitigation of fixed pattern noise. The whole sequence requires two CVZ orbits per visit. Also, because tall apertures are being exploited for both stars, an ORIENT constraint must be specified to avoid the situation where both targets fall on the slit simultaneously, and consequently corrupt the echellegram with overlapping spectra (and possibly also violate the bright limits). The constraint is not severe, however, since the slits are only 0.05" wide and the separation of the stars will be 4" in 2016. A +/- 11 degree avoidance zone (+/- 0.75" pivot away from other star) should be sufficient to exclude the other star and any possible scattered light. The ORIENT avoidance zones are 168+/-11 degrees and 348+/-11 degrees for visit 10 (early-2016), and 176+/-11 degrees and 356+/-11 degrees for Visit 11 (mid-2016). There are CVZ windows for both visits, late-January and late-August, respectively, following the most recent Cycle 22 Alp Cen observations (Visit 11 of program 13938, scheduled for Aug 2015) by the desired approximately half a year. In September 2016, new visit 12 was added after the failure of visit 11 in late-Aug owing to a Guide Star acquisition issue. The new visit has updated target positions (HD-128620-NEW and HD-128621-NEW) appropriate to the Oct 2016 timeframe, when the new visit potentially could be (re-)scheduled. The visit 12 has a stripped-down observation sequence because there were no suitable CVZ opportunities, and the program had to be accommodated in occulted orbits, thus significantly reducing the available exposure time. For this reason, only the high-value FUV exposures will be taken. Further, the acquisition of B, following the blind offset from A, will be done as a direct CCD ACQ, rather than with the 0.3x0.05ND3 slit peak-up strategy used previously. The peak-up approach was a more efficient given that there was a narrow-slit NUV exposure down-stream of the peak-up in the normal CVZ program, which would have required a peak-up in any case. However, in the abbreviated program for visit 12, all the exposures are through the 0.2x0.2 slot, for which the direct ACQ is sufficiently accurate (and faster than the peak-up). COOL STARS 12 false false false false false 0.0 0.0 false SUPPORTED STAR G V-IV NO The target coords for epoch 2015.35 were based on a global orbital + proper-motion fit to ten years of Chandra HRC positions, accounting for parallax in each epoch. Alpha Cen AB are moving toward a close approach (on the sky) in 2016, consequently the orbital motion of A has a significant influence on its apparent proper motion. ALP-CEN-A J2000 J2000 FUV peak fluxes are 5E-12 per Angstrom (excluding Lyman-alpha, which is ~ 8E-11) STAR G V-IV NO The target coords for epoch 2015.0 were based on a global orbital + proper-motion fit to ten years of Chandra HRC positions, accounting for parallax in each epoch. Alpha Cen AB are moving toward a close approach (on the sky) in 2016, consequently the orbital motion of A has a significant influence on its apparent proper motion. These are "parallax-free" coordinates. ALP-CEN-A J2000 J2000 FUV peak fluxes are 5E-12 per Angstrom (excluding Lyman-alpha, which is ~ 8E-11) STAR K V-IV NO Offset of B relative to A determined from the slightly modified ephemeris, which closely matches the relative orbit as recorded by Chandra HRC in recent years. ALP-CEN-B J2000 STAR K V-IV NO Offset of B relative to A determined from the slightly modified ephemeris, which closely matches the relative orbit as recorded by Chandra HRC in recent years. ALP-CEN-B J2000 STAR K V-IV NO Offset of B relative to A determined from the slightly modified ephemeris, which closely matches the relative orbit as recorded by Chandra HRC in recent years. ALP-CEN-B J2000 STIS/FUV-MAMA Spectroscopic No No E140M 1425 STIS/FUV-MAMA Spectroscopic No No E140M 1425 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 23.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. 1436029398970 This is first CVZ opportunity roughly 6 months after final Visit of program 13938 (of which this is continuation), consistent with ORIENT constraints 1453615080000 276.17471224358025 (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 14341 :visit-id "10" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20150609" :date "04-Jul-2015 11:03:17.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 2 :saa-model "24" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 524688 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 14341 :visit-id "10" :obset-id "10" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :cvz T :proposal-id 14341 :visit-id "10" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 10713 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 394 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 0 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 0 :pcs-gap 0 ) false 2 0 Castelli-Kurucz Model:G2V; V=+0.01; Optimum SNR = 169; time to sat 0.6 s Input=special file for ALP-CEN-A based on 4 years of STIS E140M observations; Exposure time= 1.5 ks at Si IV 139 nm gives SNR = 30 (per resol); no LCR or GCR issues dispersed light peak-up assuming Castelli-Kurucz Model G2V, V=+0.01 mag: in 0.1 s, 1600k e-. ETC calculation done with ND2 slit, then scaled to NDC aperture by factor x4. special input file for ALP-CEN-A, based on new reduction of earlier high-res NUV data; Exposure time= 500 s with 0.2x0.2 aper gives GCR=3271k; x0.0417 (for NDC at 280 nm)=136k; below GCR bright limit; no LCR issues dispersed light peak-up assuming Castelli-Kurucz Model K0V, V=1.33 mag: in 0.1 s, 96k e- based on new E140M spectrum of ALP-CEN-B from 4 years of STIS measurements. No LCR or GCR issues. based on new E140M spectrum of ALP-CEN-B from 4 years of STIS measurements. No LCR or GCR issues. Based on post-SM4 NUV high-res spectrum of ALP-CEN-B, supplemented with average of selected IUE LW spectra for wavelengths > 285 nm. GCR= 185k from ETC run; variability expected to be very low in the K-dwarf continuum, which dominates the H-2713 setting. dispersed light peak-up assuming Castelli-Kurucz Model K0V, V=1.33 mag: in 0.1 s, with 0.2x0.2 slit, 15,472k e-, scaled to NDA x0.25= 3868k e- . based on new NUV high-res spectrum of ALP-CEN-B; for 0.2x0.2 aper, GCR= 346k, scaled to NDA x0.225 (280 nm)= 78k GCR. No LCR or GCR issues. The scheduling data was generated by CASM 23.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. 1436030284900 This is first CVZ opportunity roughly 6 months after Visit 10, consistent with ORIENT constraints 1472413747000 118.6958273938078 (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 14341 :visit-id "11" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20150609" :date "04-Jul-2015 11:18:04.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 2 :saa-model "24" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 524688 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 14341 :visit-id "11" :obset-id "11" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :cvz T :proposal-id 14341 :visit-id "11" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 10713 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 394 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 0 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 0 :pcs-gap 0 ) false 2 0 Castelli-Kurucz Model:G2V; V=+0.01; Optimum SNR = 169; time to sat 0.6 s Input=special file for ALP-CEN-A based on 4 years of STIS E140M observations; Exposure time= 1.5 ks at Si IV 139 nm gives SNR = 30 (per resol); no LCR or GCR issues dispersed light peak-up assuming Castelli-Kurucz Model G2V, V=+0.01 mag: in 0.1 s, 1600k e-. ETC calculation done with ND2 slit, then scaled to NDC aperture by factor x4. special input file for ALP-CEN-A, based on new reduction of earlier high-res NUV data; Exposure time= 500 s with 0.2x0.2 aper gives GCR=3271k; x0.0417 (for NDC at 280 nm)=136k; below GCR bright limit; no LCR issues dispersed light peak-up assuming Castelli-Kurucz Model K0V, V=1.33 mag: in 0.1 s, 96k e- based on new E140M spectrum of ALP-CEN-B from 4 years of STIS measurements. No LCR or GCR issues. based on new E140M spectrum of ALP-CEN-B from 4 years of STIS measurements. No LCR or GCR issues. Based on post-SM4 NUV high-res spectrum of ALP-CEN-B, supplemented with average of selected IUE LW spectra for wavelengths > 285 nm. GCR= 185k from ETC run; variability expected to be very low in the K-dwarf continuum, which dominates the H-2713 setting. dispersed light peak-up assuming Castelli-Kurucz Model K0V, V=1.33 mag: in 0.1 s, with 0.2x0.2 slit, 15,472k e-, scaled to NDA x0.25= 3868k e- . based on new NUV high-res spectrum of ALP-CEN-B; for 0.2x0.2 aper, GCR= 346k, scaled to NDA x0.225 (280 nm)= 78k GCR. No LCR or GCR issues. The scheduling data was generated by CASM 24.2. CASM was run in Phase II mode. 1473545510602 /private/var/folders/wk/kryl66hd5l148rf9p2bj1m2c0000gn/T/OPVisit3779565619725488706.xml (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 14341 :visit-id "12" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20160601" :date "10-Sep-2016 16:11:48.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 2 :saa-model "24" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 331424 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 14341 :visit-id "12" :obset-id "12" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 14341 :visit-id "12" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 333 :si-vis-utilization 3145 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 113 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3478 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 14341 :visit-id "12" :orbit-number 2 :pcs-time 222 :si-vis-utilization 3256 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 375 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3478 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 2 0 Castelli-Kurucz Model:G2V; V=+0.01; Optimum SNR = 169; time to sat 0.6 s Input=special file for ALP-CEN-A based on 4 years of STIS E140M observations; Exposure time= 1.5 ks at Si IV 139 nm gives SNR = 30 (per resol); no LCR or GCR issues S/N~66 in 0.1 s for Castelli-Kurucz Models K0V 5250 4.5 Renormalized to VEGAmag = 1.33 in Johnson/V based on new E140M spectrum of ALP-CEN-B from 4 years of STIS measurements. No LCR or GCR issues. based on new E140M spectrum of ALP-CEN-B from 4 years of STIS measurements. No LCR or GCR issues. based on new E140M spectrum of ALP-CEN-B from 4 years of STIS measurements. No LCR or GCR issues.