0 Assigned ID: 600 ----- Attempting Submission 1 (Fri Apr 08 17:08:43 GMT 2016) ----- ----- Attempting Submission 2 (Tue Apr 12 19:52:58 GMT 2016) ----- 0 ----- Attempting Submission 1 (Thu Jul 21 04:10:06 GMT 2016) ----- Extremely Metal Poor Galaxies with HST/COS: Completing the Groundwork for JWST Over the last year, our first glimpse of the spectral properties of z~6-8 galaxies has emerged. Deep UV spectra have revealed very prominent line emission from nebular CIII] and CIV, pointing to a hard radiation field of unknown origin. High resolution COS observations of local galaxies have recently revealed that UV spectra begin to approach those now being seen at z>6 at metallicities below a tenth solar, suggesting that metal poor massive stars may power the extreme line emission. These high-ionization UV lines will likely be one of the only tools we can use to characterize the spectra of the most distant (z=10-15) galaxies JWST will be able to detect; yet we are completely unprepared to interpret them. Very few nearby galaxies at the extreme metallicities expected in the reionization era have been observed with the necessary high-resolution UV spectrographs. Here we propose to remedy this shortcoming by obtaining COS UV spectra of 6 nearby galaxies at less than a tenth of solar metallicity. Using the G160M and G185M gratings, we will characterize the strength of four diagnostic UV lines (CIV, He II, OIII], CIII]) and stellar features in these nearby systems. The data will probe in detail the nature of massive stars in this neglected metallicity regime, and determine what factors control the production of extreme nebular UV emission lines. The spectra will be used to test and calibrate the UV spectral models that will become commonplace in the JWST era. The UV spectral database we will assemble can only be obtained with HST/COS and will provide the necessary empirical baseline to which reionization-era systems observed by JWST can be properly compared. Goals: We will obtain medium-resolution FUV+NUV COS spectroscopy for star-forming regions in six extremely metal-poor local galaxies. The targets were selected to have optical gas-phase metallicity less than one-tenth solar, a compact morphology, and GALEX NUV/FUV magnitude brighter or similar to 17.5 AB. Coordinates of the targets were determined using archival imaging and previous spectroscopic acquisitions. The galaxies will be acquired using ACQ/IMAGE with COS/NUV. Based upon our cycle 23 COS program on similar objects and the GALEX NUV/FUV and u-band brightness of the six targets, we will utilize mirror A in target acquisiton. Coordinates were computed using SDSS u-band images (and a WFC3/F336W image in the case of target 1). After acquisition, each source will be observed with the G160M and G185M gratings using the COS PSA. The central wavelength of both gratings has been chosen to place desired emission lines into the observable bandpass given the known redshift of each target. Exposures will be taken using TIME-TAG mode, with FLASH=YES and four focal plane positions per central wavelength. Orbits: We have been awarded 12 orbits for our observations. Integration times have been chosen based on the known continuum brightness and expected emission line strengths. For the ACQ/IMAGE, we have chosen an integration time to deliver S/N>25; since the spatial extent of our objects is not known precisely, we compute a uniform TA time based on the flux of our dimmest source in the near-UV u-band. For the science exposures, the total integration time in each grating should deliver S/N>4 per resolution element, sufficient to measure the equivalent widths of the relevant emission lines. Galaxies 6 false true false false false false SUPPORTED GALAXY STAR FORMING REGION NO J2000 J2000 17.0 (average of GALEX NUV/FUV) GALAXY STAR FORMING REGION NO J2000 J2000 17.4 (average of GALEX NUV/FUV) GALAXY STAR FORMING REGION NO J2000 J2000 17.2 (average of GALEX NUV/FUV) GALAXY STAR FORMING REGION NO J2000 J2000 16.3 (average of GALEX NUV/FUV) GALAXY STAR FORMING REGION NO J2000 J2000 16.7 (average of GALEX NUV/FUV) GALAXY STAR FORMING REGION NO J2000 J2000 17.0 (average of GALEX NUV/FUV) COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G160M 1623 COS/NUV Spectroscopic No No G185M 1817 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G160M 1623 COS/NUV Spectroscopic No No G185M 1817 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G160M 1623 COS/NUV Spectroscopic No No G185M 1817 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G160M 1623 COS/NUV Spectroscopic No No G185M 1817 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G160M 1623 COS/NUV Spectroscopic No No G185M 1817 COS/FUV Spectroscopic No No G160M 1623 COS/NUV Spectroscopic No No G185M 1817 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 25.2. 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