0Assigned ID: 285
----- Attempting Submission 1 (Thu Apr 04 22:28:36 GMT 2019) -----
HST Phase I Proposal 285 (J0439_HST_C27.apt.2019_04_04_03_58.aptbackup.2019_04_04_04_03.aptbackup) successfully submitted.
Receipt: # 285-1
----- Attempting Submission 2 (Fri Apr 05 21:47:33 GMT 2019) -----
HST Phase I Proposal 285 (J0439_HST_C27.apt.2019_04_04_03_58.aptbackup.2019_04_04_04_03.aptbackup.2019_04_04_22_29.aptbackup) successfully submitted.
Receipt: # 285-2
----- Attempting Submission 3 (Fri Apr 05 22:08:37 GMT 2019) -----0----- Attempting Submission 1 (Wed Jul 24 04:43:45 GMT 2019) -----Probing Black Hole/Galaxy Co-Evolution at Cosmic Dawn in High Definition with a Gravitationally Lensed QuasarGravitational lensing brightens the images of quasars by a significant amount and provides a powerful probe of the physical properties of quasar population and their host galaxies. At z=6.51, recently discovered quasar J0439 is the most distant gravitationally lensed quasar known and the first such object detected at the epoch of reionization. Shallow HST/ACS observations reveal a compact lensing system, with Einstein ring radius of 0.2" and a high magnification factor of 51 for the central point source. J0439 is the brightest quasar observed at both optical and far-infrared wavelengths, indicating strong black hole (BH) accretion activities accompanied by a powerful starburst with an intrinsic star formation rate SFR >1000 solar mass per year. A shallow, low resolution ALMA image has resolved the lensed quasar host into a 1"-long arc. We propose to carry out deep HST/WFC3 F125W and F160W imaging to study the quasar host galaxy. It will detect and spatially resolved the rest-frame UV radiation from the host galaxy, allowing measurements of its unobscured star formation rate and size. The combination of the new HST observations with approved deep ALMA observations will measure the host galaxy SED, and, further aided by the extra resolution gain from lensing magnification, probe star formation and dust obscuration in its nuclear region. With additional multi-wavelength observations from X-ray through radio, J0439 will provide a unique laboratory to study BH/galaxy co-evolution at cosmic dawn in unprecedented detail. In particular, future JWST observations would probe the ISM kinematics in this starburst/quasar system within the BH sphere of influence.We aim at imaging the host galaxy of a most distant known gravitationally lensed quasar J0439 in the rest frame UV to explore the star formation in its host. The proposed HST observations providing the indispensable UV imaging will allow the investigation of a quasar host galaxy at such early Universe in unprecedented detail.
1.Configuration and Exposure time.
The goal of HST observations is to detect the host galaxy and to study the light profile of the host galaxy in the rest frame UV. We also want to constrain the UV slope, so at least two filters are needed. Compared with the broader filters (e.g., WFC3/F140W), the relative narrow filters would minimize the PSF subtraction uncertainties introduced by the different SED shape between our target and the PSF star. Therefore, we choose WFC3/F125W (J) and WFC3/F160W (H), which represent the wavelengths around the rest frame 1660 A and 2130 A, respectively.
With the spatial resolution in these two bands (diffraction limit of ~ 0.1-0.15 arcsec), the host galaxy will be resolved. The lensed host galaxy of J0439 will make it easier to subtract the PSF and detect the host galaxy. In order to reach the accurate PSF subtraction (see details below), we will observe one PSF star in these two bands. The observing strategies for PSF star and target are exactly the same in order to get the most accurate PSF subtraction. We request 8 orbits for the science target and 1 orbit for the PSF star. We need 9 orbits for our WFC3/IR F125W and F160W observations in total.
2. PSF subtraction.
The main challenge of host galaxy observation is accurate PSF subtraction. For this, we will closely follow the successful observing strategy used in Mechtley et al. (2012) for the observations of another quasar J1148+5251 (z=6.42). We will devote one orbit to the observation of the PSF star. To minimize thermal variations due to spacecraft attitude, we constrain our PSF star to be within 2 deg of the target quasar, and require that the quasar and PSF star observations will be collected in contiguous orbits. We will alternate between J and H filter observations in the primary orbits, and match the exact same filter sequence and dithering pattern in the PSF orbit, further minimize the temporal and positional PSF variation.
We selected the PSF star to match the quasar's near-infrared colors (J= 16.52, J-H = 0.52, H-K = 0.90, in Vega) as closely as possible. We selected the star 2MASS 043956.29+163605.2 (J= 16.96, J-H = 0.43, H-Ks=0.87, in Vega). This will ensure optimal calibration by minimizing any color, positional or temporal variation of the PSF shape as well as achieving high S/N of the PSF measurement.
The PSF model will be constructed both from the PSF star and Tinytim software.
We will fit and subtract PSF model following the strategies of Mechtley et al. (2012), which used Markov Chain Monte Carlo parameter estimation and simultaneous modeling of the point source and host galaxy and/or using galfit (Peng et al. 2010) to subtract PSF model.
3. Reduced Gyro mode
The reduced gyro mode resulting on reduced field of regard and limited spatial scan speed will not affect our program. Our program focuses on fixed target.Dr. Jinyi Yang is an expert on high redshift quasar studies. She has expertise in HST data reduction. Dr. Yang also has experience on wide field imaging data reductions, PSF modeling and PSF subtraction.
Prof. Xiaohui Fan is an observational cosmologist and has led several past HST programs on high redshift quasars or galaxies. He is an expert on studying the most distant galaxies and quasars, quasar host galaxies and the cosmic reionization.
Dr. Feige Wang is an expert on the study of high redshift quasars and cosmic reionization, and has expertise in HST data reduction.
Mr. Minghao Yue is a PhD student of Prof. Xiaohui Fan, who has many experiences on PSF subtraction and high contrast imaging analysis.
Prof. Ann Zabludoff is an expert on high redshift galaxy, including using strong gravitational lenses to detect the most distant galaxies.
Prof. Charles Keeton is an expert on gravitational lenses and has expertise on using gravitational lenses to study the galaxy and cosmology.
Dr. Fabian Walter is an expert on sub-millimeter observations, high redshift galaxies, and quasar host galaxy.
Dr. Bram Venemans is an expert on sub-millimeter observations, quasar host galaxy and high redshift quasar studies.
Prof. Xue-Bing Wu is an expert on both observational and theoretical AGN physics.
Dr. Ran Wang is an expert on sub-millimeter observations and quasar host galaxy.
Prof. Daniel Marrone is an expert on centimeter to submillimeter astronomy and gravitational lenses.
Ms. Katrina Litke is a PhD student of Prof. Daniel Marrone, who has may experiences on the lensing reconstruction and lensed galaxy studies.
Dr. Iskren Georgiev is an expert on the formation and evolution of super-massive black holes and nuclear star clusters.Massive Black Holes And Their Host Galaxies6falsefalsefalsefalsefalsefalsefalseSUPPORTEDGALAXYQUASARJ2000J2000J_Vega = 16.52STARM V-IVJ2000J2000J_Vega = 16.96WFC3/IRImagingNoNoF125WWFC3/IRImagingNoNoF160WWFC3/IRImagingNoNoF125WWFC3/IRImagingNoNoF160WThe scheduling data was generated by CASM 27.2.CASM was run in Phase II mode.158330432100082.4298534757379(Tic-Visit
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