0 Assigned ID: 1766 ----- Attempting Submission 1 (Fri Apr 09 00:31:03 GMT 2021) ----- HST Phase I Proposal 1766 successfully submitted. Receipt: # 1766-1 ----- Attempting Submission 2 (Fri Apr 09 20:04:59 GMT 2021) ----- HST Phase I Proposal 1766 successfully submitted. Receipt: # 1766-2 ----- Attempting Submission 3 (Fri Apr 09 20:34:33 GMT 2021) ----- 0 ----- Attempting Submission 1 (Wed Jul 28 20:46:33 GMT 2021) ----- A Mira Distance to M101: Towards a Sub-3% Hubble Constant with Miras and a NIR Candle for JWST and Roman The discrepancy between local measurements of the Hubble constant (H0) and the value inferred from observations of the CMB may be our strongest indication of physics beyond a Lambda-CDM cosmological model. Direct, distance-ladder measurements of the H0 rely primarily on Cepheids and the Tip of the Red Giant Branch (TRGB) to calibrate the luminosity of Type Ia supernovae (SN Ia). Here we propose an independent approach using Mira variables. Miras can check existing Cepheid and TRGB measurements while extending the distance ladder in the era of infrared space missions such as JWST and Roman Space Telescope, which will have difficulty discovering Cepheids. Miras are pulsating variable stars that follow tight (~0.12 mag scatter) Period-Luminosity Relations (PLRs) in the near-infrared (NIR). Short-period Miras (P < 400 d) have NIR luminosities up to 2 mag brighter than TRGB and are a ubiquitous older population that have already been used to calibrate H0 with 5% uncertainty. Long-period Miras (P > 400 d) are highly luminous and follow a different PLR from short-period Miras. We will (1) obtain a new distance measurement to this galaxy using short-period Miras, resulting in a sub-3% calibration of H0 with Miras when combined with existing Mira-SN Ia hosts; (2) discover long- period Miras with HST for the first time; (3) cross-correlate long-period variables discovered in HST with Spitzer IR observations. To do this, we propose to obtain 5 epochs of near-infrared observation in M101, to study Miras in the field of SN Ia 2011fe. Combining these with archival observations of the late-time lightcurve of SN 2011fe results in ~10 epochs of observation with a baseline of ~3000 days. We will obtain time-series observations of the field surrounding SN 2011fe--located in M101--using WFC3/IR F160W and WFC3/IR F110W to search for Mira variables. These will supplement the previous time-series observations of this field that were used to study the late-time lightcurve of SN 2011fe obtained with the same filters to create a long baseline. Dr. Caroline Huang is an expert in Mira variables and their application as distance indicators using HST data. She has calibrated the absolute luminosity of Miras in NGC 4258 and derived a Hubble constant using observations of Miras in NGC 1559. Dr. Nadia Zakamska is an expert in extragalactic astronomy and time-variability surveys and has worked on a Hubble constant calibration using Miras and the Gaia calibration of Mira variables. Dr. Adam Riess is an expert in observational cosmology. He has obtained the most precise and vetted local measurement of the Hubble constant using Cepheids and HST, and has also worked on Hubble constant calibrations using Miras and TRGB. Dr. Wenlong Yuan is an expert in HST data reduction and analysis, crowded-field photometry, time-series analysis, Cepheids, and Miras. He has worked on Hubble constant calibrations using Cepheids, Miras, and TRGB with HST data. Dr. Patricia A. Whitelock is an expert on Miras and other pulsating red giants and their application as distance indicators. She has established distances to several galaxies using Miras and previously worked on the discovery of long-period variables in M101 with Spitzer. Dr. Stefano Casertano is an expert on observational cosmology, distance indicators, statistical analysis, and data analysis with HST. He has worked on Hubble constant calibrations using Cepheids, Miras, and TRGB with HST data. Dr. Lucas Macri is an expert on the extragalactic distance scale, variable stars, and near-field cosmology. He has worked on Hubble constant calibrations using Cepheids, Miras, and TRGB. Dr. Margarita Karovska is an expert in multiwavelength observational studies and HST data analysis. She has used HST data extensively in studying Mira variables and other evolved stars in symbiotic relationships and their role as possible SN Ia progenitors. Large Scale Structure of the Universe 6 false false false false false false false false SUPPORTED GALAXY SPIRAL This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. J2000 J2000 The scheduling data was generated by CASM 29.0. CASM was run in Phase I mode. 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