0 Assigned ID: 3079 ----- Attempting Submission 1 (Thu Mar 24 23:07:30 GMT 2022) ----- HST Phase I Proposal 3079 successfully submitted. Receipt: # 3079-1 ----- Attempting Submission 2 (Fri Mar 25 16:31:43 GMT 2022) ----- HST Phase I Proposal 3079 successfully submitted. Receipt: # 3079-2 ----- Attempting Submission 3 (Fri Mar 25 18:53:49 GMT 2022) ----- HST Phase I Proposal 3079 successfully submitted. Receipt: # 3079-3 ----- Attempting Submission 4 (Fri Mar 25 19:10:22 GMT 2022) ----- HST Phase I Proposal 3079 successfully submitted. Receipt: # 3079-4 ----- Attempting Submission 5 (Fri Mar 25 20:01:55 GMT 2022) ----- HST Phase I Proposal 3079 successfully submitted. Receipt: # 3079-5 ----- Attempting Submission 6 (Fri Mar 25 20:22:10 GMT 2022) ----- Galaxy formation is regulated by feedback in the form of galactic outflows, which carry mass, energy, and momentum out of the galaxy's central regions. These outflows are well known through studies of both optical emission lines, and UV absorption lines. However, it remains unclear whether these two observational methods yield a consistent picture of outflows. Therefore, we propose the first-ever joint analysis of outflows observed in optical emission and UV absorption lines for a large sample of UV-bright star-forming (SF) galaxies. We have identified a sample of 29 such galaxies at low-z (z < 0.26) with archival spectroscopy from HST/COS and the Keck Echellette Spectrograph and Imager. With the combined data sets, we will make robust measurements of outflow properties, including kinematics, column density, ionization, distance, as well as outflow rates of mass, energy, and momentum. We will quantify any systematic relationships between absorption- and emission-based outflow properties, and answer the essential question: "Do absorption and emission lines probe the same outflowing gas distribution?" Furthermore, we will construct models to explain both outflow measurements consistently, thereby robustly constraining the outflows' density and velocity distributions. In turn, these analyses will improve our understanding of galactic outflows, and lead to more realistic implementations of sub-grid physics in hydrodynamical galaxy formation simulations. Ultimately, by learning how to best leverage the full suite of observational constraints, we will be better able to interpret JWST observations, where emission lines will be the primary tool for measuring outflow properties. Experts in highly related fields form the whole team. PI Xinfeng Xu has extensive experience in studying galactic outflows and their feedback effects, and has adopted similar methods for analyzing the HST/COS data as we proposed here. He has also worked broadly on quasar outflows from HST/COS and optical telescopes. His recent paper (Xu et al. 2020) suggests that quasar outflows seen in absorption and emission lines trace the same gas. Co-Is (Heckman, Martin, Mingozzi, James, Danielle, Henry) have extensive experience in studying starburst/star-forming galaxies and their galactic outflows from UV and optical spectra. This includes leading studies of outflows from absorption lines (Heckman, Martin, Chisholm) and from emission lines (Heckman, Mingozzi, James, Berg, Henry, Roy). The group also includes experts on generating semi-analytic models for galactic outflows and connecting them to the observations (Carr, Scarlata). Expertise in relating outflows to the escape of Lyman continuum photons and cosmic reionization (Henry, Jaskot, Jones) provides additional knowledge about the proposed study. Furthermore, Co-Is Henry and Jones are the PIs for the Keck/ESI observations that we propose here to compare with the HST/COS data, so they are experts on the data reduction and analyses of ESI data. Overall, the whole team is well qualified for analyzing both the UV and optical data for outflow sciences and connecting them to reach the proposed science goals. All team members have related referred papers about the proposed science. Galaxies 0 Regular false false false false false false SUPPORTED