0 Assigned ID: 3343 ----- Attempting Submission 1 (Fri Mar 25 17:12:54 GMT 2022) ----- HST Phase I Proposal 3343 successfully submitted. Receipt: # 3343-1 ----- Attempting Submission 2 (Fri Mar 25 20:17:40 GMT 2022) ----- HST Phase I Proposal 3343 successfully submitted. Receipt: # 3343-2 ----- Attempting Submission 3 (Fri Mar 25 20:19:46 GMT 2022) ----- The Phase II proposal is being resubmitted in order to switch the aperture from WFC to WFCENTER, as discussed via email with the Program Coordinator. -1833351277 ----- Attempting Submission 1 (Thu Jul 14 17:42:22 GMT 2022) ----- ----- Attempting Submission 2 (Tue Nov 15 03:34:40 GMT 2022) ----- Four New Dissociative Merging Clusters We propose ACS imaging of four exciting new merging clusters with ``dissociative'' morphology---two galaxy subclusters on either side of a central gas concentration, indicative of a recent head-on collision. The imaging will enable a weak lensing analysis that will (i) determine the dark matter halo locations relative to the galaxy subcluster locations; (ii) measure the subcluster masses; and (iii) place limits on the presence of any additional substructures. In conjunction with existing X-ray data and a scheduled spectroscopic survey, the dark matter halo locations and masses will enable accurate modeling of the merger scenario. Upper limits on galaxy-dark matter offsets will be translated to upper limits on the momentum exchanged between the dark matter halos. Together with accurate modeling of the merger scenario, this will place upper limits on the dark matter scattering cross section. These four systems are promising in that respect because their modest separations suggest that they are seen not long after first pericenter. For each target, we request two-band ACS imaging, one orbit per band, to provide color selection of background galaxies. The total request is thus 8 orbits for four clusters. Filter selection: The best color selection is obtained when filters straddle the 4000 A break. We thus treat separately the three targets at redshifts 0.24-0.31, where the break is observed at 4960-5240 A, and the target at z = 0.55 where the break is observed at 6200 A. In both cases we use the F606W filter because it is generally the most sensitive filter, but it plays a different role at different redshifts. For three targets, F606W is longward of the break and is complemented by F475W shortward of the break. For the z = 0.55 target, the 4000 A break occurs in the middle of the F606W filter, hence reducing the F606W flux for early-type cluster members: F606W can play the role of the shorter filter. We propose to use F814W as the long filter. Depth: the source densities and convergence map angular resolutions cited in the scientific justification correspond to a single orbit of F606W and/or F814W at these redshifts (eg, Dawson et al. 2012). An angular resolution of 10 arcsec positional uncertainty on the dark matter halos is an appropriate goal because it corresponds to 38-65 kpc for these clusters; for comparison, the separation between BCGs ranges from 335-544 kpc, and the smallest separation between X-ray peak and BCG is 16 arcsec or 74 kpc. We can rely on previous results mapping exposure time to dark matter positional uncertainty because our targets have masses similar to those in the above-cited works. Simet et al. (2017) calibrated the relation between weak lensing mass and redMaPPer richness; using that relation and the known target richness we find M200 ranging from 4.6-14x10^14 h^-1 solar masses. Footprint: the targets are compact enough to fit in the ACS field without any constraints on the roll angle or any need to mosaic. We request small dithers to fill gaps. David Wittman is an expert on gravitational lensing and merging clusters; he led data analysis for the Deep Lens Survey, co-discovered the Mustketball Cluster, shepherded many of the Merging Cluster Collaboration papers, and led development of the SORTER technique as well as the analog technique for modeling. Kyle Finner wrote the weak lensing pipeline that will be used for the analysis, and that was used in many of the papers cited here. (Myungkook) James Jee is a world expert on lensing with clusters (and cosmic shear). Faik Bouhrik collaborated with Wittman on development of the SORTER technique. Rodrigo Stancioli is Wittman's PhD student and has mastered XMM analysis and coordination of panchromatic archival data. 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