0Assigned ID: 3294
----- Attempting Submission 1 (Fri Mar 25 15:55:11 GMT 2022) -----
HST Phase I Proposal 3294 successfully submitted.
Receipt: # 3294-1
----- Attempting Submission 2 (Fri Mar 25 18:01:49 GMT 2022) -----
HST Phase I Proposal 3294 successfully submitted.
Receipt: # 3294-2re-sumbission with updated ACS-WFC-DITHER-BOX pattern588491736----- Attempting Submission 1 (Thu Jul 14 23:38:57 GMT 2022) -----
HST Phase II Proposal 17140 successfully submitted.
Receipt: # 17140-1
----- Attempting Submission 2 (Fri Jul 15 01:12:01 GMT 2022) -----
----- Attempting Submission 3 (Tue Oct 18 09:52:08 GMT 2022) -----Toward an observational test of the Lambda CDM hierarchical paradigm at the smallest galaxy scalesDeep, wide-field ground-based imaging has led to the discovery of low-surface brightness tidal features around three small dwarf galaxies (with stellar masses between 10^7 and 10^8 Msun) at distances between 3 and 4 Mpc: UGC 8760, UGC 6541, and NGC 5238. The three galaxies are isolated, without any identifiable companion that could cause the observed tidal disturbances. Of 45 dwarf galaxies imaged to comparable depth, they are the only strong candidates of dwarfs in the process of accreting smaller satellites, thus a signature of hierarchical structure assembly on the smallest scales. Remarkably, direct evidence of satellite accretion has so far been observed in dwarfs typically more massive than these. Preliminary N-body hydrodynamical simulations suggest that the merger events occurred no longer than ~1 Gyr ago.
To confirm this hypothesis, we propose new deep ACS imaging in V and I that will enable the characterization of the stellar populations of the host dwarfs and of their satellites' remnants, and to infer their detailed star formation history (SFH) over the last ~1 Gyr. Analysis of these new data will potentially reveal the presence of starbursts triggered by pericenter passages during the interaction. Together with the galaxy kinematical properties, the SFHs will provide a crucial ingredient for N-body hydrodynamical simulations aimed at reconstructing the properties of the dwarf progenitors and their merging history. Ultimately, these results will be compared with cosmological simulations that predict the satellite population around dwarf galaxies of different masses, providing a first test of the Lambda CDM hierarchical paradigm at the smallest galaxy scales.We will observe three dwarf irregular galaxies: Mrk 178, UGC-8760, and NGC-5238. For Mrk 178, one ACS pointing is sufficient to cover the whole galaxy. For UGC-8760, and NGC-5238, two pointings are needed for each galaxy.
Mrk178: Three visits, Mrk178_vis01_V, Mrk178_vis02_I and Mrk178_vis03_I are planned for this galaxy.
Mrk178_vis01_V extends for 3 orbits. We will perform exposures in F606W with ACS/WFC. Sub-exposures of ~550 s each will be performed according to a primary 3-point dither-line pattern (to fill the gap between the ACS detectors) coupled with a 4 point-box sub-dither (to improve PSF sampling), for a total of 12 sub-exposures. All chosen dither types are the defauld "convenience" patterns for ACS/WFC.
We constrain the orientation angle to be in the range 260-280 degrees. This choice allows for an optimal coverage of both the galaxy and the extended low surface brightness regions, while maximizing schedulability.
Mrk178_vis02_I and Mrk178_vis03_I adopt the same strategy as Mrk178_vis01_V, except for the F814W filter.
We need twice as long exposure time in I than in V to reach the required depth. This implies 6 orbits in total in I, which are splitted into 2 separate visits (vis02 and vis03). We require the same orient as for visit 01, in order to have coverage of the observed sources in both V and I.
UGC8760_P1 s observed in two separate visits: UGC8760_P1_vis04_V and UGC8760_P1_vis05_I.
Vis04 lasts for 1 orbit and vis05 for 2 orbits. We use the F606W filter in vis04 and F814W in vis05.
We adopt a dither-line pattern with 5 points spaced by 0.7585 arcsec. The total offest from point 1 to point 5 equals the offset of 3.034 of the convenience ACS/WFC dither line pattern typically used to fill the gap between the detectors. We selected 2 ranges of orients that avoid the gap to fall on the low surface brightness features.
UGC8760_P2 is observed in 3 visits. UGC8760_P2_vis06_V is the same as vis04 except for a pointing shift.
UGC8760_P2_vis07_I is the same as vis05 except for a pointing shift. UGC8760_P2_VIS08_VI lasts for 1 orbit and we perform both F606W and F814W observations, each with a half orbit duration. We choose a convenience 2 point dither-line pattern optimized for ACS/WFC. Thus we have 2 sub-exposures in V and 2 in I. we request the same orient of visit 07 qnd 08.
NGC5238-P1 is observed in 3 visits. NGC5238-P1_vis09_V performs observations in F606W and lasts for 3 orbits. We adopt a 3 point - line primary dither pattern coupled with a 4 point box dither, for a total of 12 sub-exposures. The adopted dither patterns are the convenience ones for ACS/WFC.
Orient ranges are chosen to avoid the gap to fall on the low surface brightness structure to the south.
NGC5238-P1_vis10_I is the same as visti 09 except that observations are done in F814W.
We request the same orient as visit 09.
NGC5238-P1_vis11_I is the as same as visit 10, except that we adopt a 2 point line primary dither coupled with a 4 point box secondary dither, for a total of 8 exposures in 2 orbits.
For NGC5238-P2, the observation strategy is the same as for NGC5238-P1.
For all three targets, but particularly for Mrk178, the orient constraints translate into limited visibility.
Therefore any reduction of the visibility windows from a reduced gyro operations could highly affect the possibility of completing this project.All team members are expert in dwarf galaxy evolution. Dr. Annibali is the PI of the LBT SSH survey, aimed at detecting low surface brightness companions around a sample of 45 nearby dwarfs. M. Bellazzini is an expert on stellar streams. Drs Aloisi, Annibali, Beccari, Bellazzini, and Correnti have strong expertise in data reduction for deep and accurate stellar photometry in crowded fields within the Local Universe. Together with Drs Cignoni, Sacchi and Tosi (expert in SFH derivation from CMDs), they have led, or participated to, several ACS and WFC3 projects devoted to the understanding of the formation and evolution of dwarf galaxies and to the analysis of their star clusters, streams and satellites. In the last decade, our team has published about 100 refereed papers based on proprietary HST data.
Our work on e.g. DDO68 (Sacchi+ 2016, Annibali+ 2016, Annibali+ 2019) at a distance of 13 Mpc, and, e.g., on IZw18 (Aloisi+ 2007, Annibali+ 2013) at a distance >18 Mpc, demonstrates the feasibility of our project. Our team includes experts in HI data analysis (Cannon) and galaxy formation and dynamics (Nipoti, Marinacci, Pascale) who are in charge of the exploitation of the results from these data to simulate the hydro-dynamical evolution of the three systems. Dr. L. Hunt is an expert of gas and dust in dwarf galaxies.Stellar Populations and the Interstellar MediumGalaxies6falsefalsefalsefalsefalsefalsefalseSUPPORTEDGALAXYAMORPHOUS IRREGULARYESThis object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database.J2000J2000GALAXYAMORPHOUS IRREGULARYESThis object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database.J2000J2000GALAXYAMORPHOUS IRREGULARThis object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database.UGC6541J2000J2000GALAXYAMORPHOUS IRREGULARThis object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database.J2000J2000GALAXYAMORPHOUS IRREGULARThis object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database.J2000J2000ACS/WFCImagingNoNoF606WACS/WFCImagingNoNoF814WACS/WFCImagingNoNoF814WACS/WFCImagingNoNoF606WACS/WFCImagingNoNoF606WACS/WFCImagingNoNoF814WACS/WFCImagingNoNoF606WACS/WFCImagingNoNoF814WACS/WFCImagingNoNoF606WACS/WFCImagingNoNoF814WPOS-TARGDITHERDITHER43.034Primary dither: 3-point line
Secondary dither: 4-point boxACS-WFC-DITHER-BOXfalse69.02true0.18560.2637385.29POS-TARGACS-WFC-DITHER-LINE20.71truePOS-TARGDITHER0.7585LINEfalsefalse585.29ACS-WFC-DITHER-LINE2falsePOS-TARGDITHER3.034LINEfalsefalse285.29ACS-WFC-DITHER-LINE3falsePOS-TARGDITHERDITHER43.034primary: 2 point dither line
secondary: 4 point dither boxACS-WFC-DITHER-BOXfalse69.02false0.18560.2637285.29POS-TARGACS-WFC-DITHER-LINE20.74true/private/var/folders/d6/qjdtq_qj59j5zw472sjbg00r0000gp/T/OPVisit3734089770283504773.xmlHst Same orient constraint links visits (01 02 03)The scheduling data was generated by CASM 30.3.CASM was run in Phase II mode.This visit extends for 3 orbits. We will perform exposures in F606W with ACS/WFC. The individual sub-exposures of ~550 s each will be performed according to a primary 3-point dither-line pattern (to fill the gap between the ACS detectors) coupled with a 4 point-box sub-dither (to improve PSF sampling), for a total of 12 sub-exposures. All chosen dither types are the defauld "convenience" patterns for ACS/WFC.
We constrain the orientation angle to be in the range 260-280 degrees. This choice allows for an optimal coverage of both the galaxy and the extended low surface brightness regions, while maximizing schedulability.(Tic-Visit
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We need twice as long exposure time in I than in V to reach the required depth. This implies 6 orbits in total in I, which are splitted into 2 separate visits (vis02 and vis03).
We require the same orient as for visit 01, in order to have coverage of the observed sources in both V and I.(Tic-Visit
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)true30Hst Same orient constraint links visits (04 05 06 07 08)The scheduling data was generated by CASM 30.3.CASM was run in Phase II mode.This visit lasts for 1 orbit and performs observations of UGC8760 with ACS/WFC in F606W.
We have adopted a dither-line pattern with 5 points spaced by 0.7585 arcsec. The total offest from point 1 to point 5 equals the offset of 3.034 of the convenience ACS/WFC dither line pattern typically used to fill the gap between the detectors.
We have 5 exposures of ~390 sec each, for a total exposure time of ~1960 sec in F606W.
We selected 2 ranges of orients that optimize galaxy coverage.(Tic-Visit
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We have in total 10 exposures of ~390 sec each, for a total exposure time of ~4000 sec in F814W.
We request the orient to be the same as for visit 04(Tic-Visit
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)true10/private/var/folders/d6/qjdtq_qj59j5zw472sjbg00r0000gp/T/OPVisit12622022567591064424.xmlHst Same orient constraint links visits (09 10 11 12 13 14)The scheduling data was generated by CASM 30.3.CASM was run in Phase II mode.This visit lasts for 3 orbits and performs observations of the central region of NGC5238 in V.
We adopt a 3 point - line primary dither pattern coupled to a 4 point box dither, for a total of 8 sub-exposures. The adopted dither patterns are the convenience ones for ACS/WFC.
Within 3 orbits, we perform a total of 12 exposures in V.
Orient ranges are chosen to avoid the gap to fall on the low surface brightness structure to the south.(Tic-Visit
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:data-volume 3410688
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:coron NIL
)
(Tic-Obset
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)
(Tic-Orbit
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(Tic-Orbit
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(Tic-Orbit
:proposal-id 17140
:visit-id "09"
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:pcs-time 392
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:pcs-gap 0
)true30/private/var/folders/d6/qjdtq_qj59j5zw472sjbg00r0000gp/T/OPVisit11566519119482036940.xmlHst Same orient constraint links visits (09 10 11 12 13 14)The scheduling data was generated by CASM 30.3.CASM was run in Phase II mode.Same as visti 09 except that observations are done in F814W.
We request the same orient as visit 09.(Tic-Visit
:proposal-id 17140
:visit-id "10"
:proposal-version -1
:trans-version "20220630"
:date "18-Oct-2022 11:50:35.0"
:trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0
:FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0)
:number-of-orbits 3
:saa-model "27"
:si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0
:data-volume 3410688
:tdrss-contact-duration 0
:coron NIL
)
(Tic-Obset
:proposal-id 17140
:visit-id "10"
:obset-id "10"
:pcs-mode "FGS"
)
(Tic-Orbit
:proposal-id 17140
:visit-id "10"
:orbit-number 1
:pcs-time 383
:si-vis-utilization 2950
:al-overhead-at-end 0
:internal-dur-at-end 0
:dark-offset NIL
:dark-utilization 0
:max-dark-utilization 1920
:low-sky "N"
:pcs-visibility 3333
:pcs-gap 0
)
(Tic-Orbit
:proposal-id 17140
:visit-id "10"
:orbit-number 2
:pcs-time 392
:si-vis-utilization 2940
:al-overhead-at-end 0
:internal-dur-at-end 0
:dark-offset NIL
:dark-utilization 0
:max-dark-utilization 1920
:low-sky "N"
:pcs-visibility 3333
:pcs-gap 0
)
(Tic-Orbit
:proposal-id 17140
:visit-id "10"
:orbit-number 3
:pcs-time 392
:si-vis-utilization 2940
:al-overhead-at-end 0
:internal-dur-at-end 347
:dark-offset NIL
:dark-utilization 0
:max-dark-utilization 1920
:low-sky "N"
:pcs-visibility 3333
:pcs-gap 0
)true30/private/var/folders/d6/qjdtq_qj59j5zw472sjbg00r0000gp/T/OPVisit16525954673639541429.xmlHst Same orient constraint links visits (09 10 11 12 13 14)The scheduling data was generated by CASM 30.3.CASM was run in Phase II mode.Same as visti 10, except that we adopt a 2 point line primary dither coupled with a 4 point box secondary dither, for a total of 8 exposures in 2 orbirs.(Tic-Visit
:proposal-id 17140
:visit-id "11"
:proposal-version -1
:trans-version "20220630"
:date "18-Oct-2022 11:50:37.0"
:trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0
:FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0)
:number-of-orbits 2
:saa-model "27"
:si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0
:data-volume 2273792
:tdrss-contact-duration 0
:coron NIL
)
(Tic-Obset
:proposal-id 17140
:visit-id "11"
:obset-id "11"
:pcs-mode "FGS"
)
(Tic-Orbit
:proposal-id 17140
:visit-id "11"
:orbit-number 1
:pcs-time 383
:si-vis-utilization 2950
:al-overhead-at-end 0
:internal-dur-at-end 0
:dark-offset NIL
:dark-utilization 0
:max-dark-utilization 1920
:low-sky "N"
:pcs-visibility 3333
:pcs-gap 0
)
(Tic-Orbit
:proposal-id 17140
:visit-id "11"
:orbit-number 2
:pcs-time 392
:si-vis-utilization 2940
:al-overhead-at-end 0
:internal-dur-at-end 347
:dark-offset NIL
:dark-utilization 0
:max-dark-utilization 1920
:low-sky "N"
:pcs-visibility 3333
:pcs-gap 0
)true20/private/var/folders/d6/qjdtq_qj59j5zw472sjbg00r0000gp/T/OPVisit2380359634531934621.xmlHst Same orient constraint links visits (09 10 11 12 13 14)The scheduling data was generated by CASM 30.3.CASM was run in Phase II mode.Strategy for NGC5238-P1 is repeated for P2. the purpose is to cover the low surface brightness feature to the north. This visit lasts for 3 orbits and performs observations of the central region of NGC5238 in V.
We adopt a 3 point - line primary dither pattern coupled to a 4 point box dither, for a total of 8 sub-exposures. The adopted dither patterns are the convenience ones for ACS/WFC.
Within 3 orbits, we perform a total of 12 exposures in V.
Orient ranges are chosen to avoid the gap to fall on the low surface brightness structure to the south.(Tic-Visit
:proposal-id 17140
:visit-id "12"
:proposal-version -1
:trans-version "20220630"
:date "18-Oct-2022 11:50:38.0"
:trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0
:FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0)
:number-of-orbits 3
:saa-model "27"
:si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0
:data-volume 3410688
:tdrss-contact-duration 0
:coron NIL
)
(Tic-Obset
:proposal-id 17140
:visit-id "12"
:obset-id "12"
:pcs-mode "FGS"
)
(Tic-Orbit
:proposal-id 17140
:visit-id "12"
:orbit-number 1
:pcs-time 383
:si-vis-utilization 2950
:al-overhead-at-end 0
:internal-dur-at-end 0
:dark-offset NIL
:dark-utilization 0
:max-dark-utilization 1920
:low-sky "N"
:pcs-visibility 3333
:pcs-gap 0
)
(Tic-Orbit
:proposal-id 17140
:visit-id "12"
:orbit-number 2
:pcs-time 392
:si-vis-utilization 2940
:al-overhead-at-end 0
:internal-dur-at-end 0
:dark-offset NIL
:dark-utilization 0
:max-dark-utilization 1920
:low-sky "N"
:pcs-visibility 3333
:pcs-gap 0
)
(Tic-Orbit
:proposal-id 17140
:visit-id "12"
:orbit-number 3
:pcs-time 392
:si-vis-utilization 2940
:al-overhead-at-end 0
:internal-dur-at-end 347
:dark-offset NIL
:dark-utilization 0
:max-dark-utilization 1920
:low-sky "N"
:pcs-visibility 3333
:pcs-gap 0
)true30/private/var/folders/d6/qjdtq_qj59j5zw472sjbg00r0000gp/T/OPVisit2372677328822366002.xmlHst Same orient constraint links visits (09 10 11 12 13 14)The scheduling data was generated by CASM 30.3.CASM was run in Phase II mode.Same as visit 10, but done at the position of NGC5238-P2.(Tic-Visit
:proposal-id 17140
:visit-id "13"
:proposal-version -1
:trans-version "20220630"
:date "18-Oct-2022 11:50:40.0"
:trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0
:FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0)
:number-of-orbits 3
:saa-model "27"
:si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0
:data-volume 3410688
:tdrss-contact-duration 0
:coron NIL
)
(Tic-Obset
:proposal-id 17140
:visit-id "13"
:obset-id "13"
:pcs-mode "FGS"
)
(Tic-Orbit
:proposal-id 17140
:visit-id "13"
:orbit-number 1
:pcs-time 383
:si-vis-utilization 2950
:al-overhead-at-end 0
:internal-dur-at-end 0
:dark-offset NIL
:dark-utilization 0
:max-dark-utilization 1920
:low-sky "N"
:pcs-visibility 3333
:pcs-gap 0
)
(Tic-Orbit
:proposal-id 17140
:visit-id "13"
:orbit-number 2
:pcs-time 392
:si-vis-utilization 2940
:al-overhead-at-end 0
:internal-dur-at-end 0
:dark-offset NIL
:dark-utilization 0
:max-dark-utilization 1920
:low-sky "N"
:pcs-visibility 3333
:pcs-gap 0
)
(Tic-Orbit
:proposal-id 17140
:visit-id "13"
:orbit-number 3
:pcs-time 392
:si-vis-utilization 2940
:al-overhead-at-end 0
:internal-dur-at-end 347
:dark-offset NIL
:dark-utilization 0
:max-dark-utilization 1920
:low-sky "N"
:pcs-visibility 3333
:pcs-gap 0
)true30/private/var/folders/d6/qjdtq_qj59j5zw472sjbg00r0000gp/T/OPVisit600367670058442165.xmlHst Same orient constraint links visits (09 10 11 12 13 14)The scheduling data was generated by CASM 30.3.CASM was run in Phase II mode.Same as visti 11, except that we adopt a 2 point line primary dither coupled with a 4 point box secondary dither, for a total of 8 exposures in 2 orbirs.(Tic-Visit
:proposal-id 17140
:visit-id "14"
:proposal-version -1
:trans-version "20220630"
:date "18-Oct-2022 11:50:41.0"
:trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0
:FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0)
:number-of-orbits 2
:saa-model "27"
:si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0
:data-volume 2273792
:tdrss-contact-duration 0
:coron NIL
)
(Tic-Obset
:proposal-id 17140
:visit-id "14"
:obset-id "14"
:pcs-mode "FGS"
)
(Tic-Orbit
:proposal-id 17140
:visit-id "14"
:orbit-number 1
:pcs-time 383
:si-vis-utilization 2950
:al-overhead-at-end 0
:internal-dur-at-end 0
:dark-offset NIL
:dark-utilization 0
:max-dark-utilization 1920
:low-sky "N"
:pcs-visibility 3333
:pcs-gap 0
)
(Tic-Orbit
:proposal-id 17140
:visit-id "14"
:orbit-number 2
:pcs-time 392
:si-vis-utilization 2940
:al-overhead-at-end 0
:internal-dur-at-end 347
:dark-offset NIL
:dark-utilization 0
:max-dark-utilization 1920
:low-sky "N"
:pcs-visibility 3333
:pcs-gap 0
)true20