0
Assigned ID: 4490
----- Attempting Submission 1 (Wed May 24 18:33:42 GMT 2023) -----
0
----- Attempting Submission 1 (Thu Sep 14 17:00:24 GMT 2023) -----
A Major Overhaul of Ultraviolet-Based Black Hole Mass Prescriptions
We propose obtaining UV spectra of 18 bright reverberation-mapped AGNs with Eddington ratio greater than 0.3 in order to overhaul single-epoch black hole mass prescriptions using the C IV and Mg II emission lines. Combining the new spectra with archival data, we will cover a complete range of Eddington ratio seen in AGNs and quadruple the number of high accretion rate AGNs than previously used. Samples deficient in highly accreting AGNs led to significant overestimation of single-epoch (SE) black hole mass formulations for both optical and UV-based methods. Studies show that these mass overestimations are correlated with the Eddington ratio. Recently the Hbeta-based SE masses have been corrected using features in the optical spectra, and we want to use a similar approach for UV prescriptions. Our efforts will significantly improve both the accuracy and precision of black hole mass estimates based on single-epoch UV spectra. This project has wide application given the hundreds of thousands of rest-frame UV spectra of high-redshift quasars produced by large spectroscopic surveys.
We propose to make long-slit spectroscopic observations of 18 reverberation-mapped AGNs using STIS MAMA and CCD with the 52''x0.2'' slit. We will use the 1st-order gratings G140L, G230L and G430L to obtain the spectra covering C iv to Mg ii lines. Our targets have GALEX NUV AB magnitude brighter than 17.8. The redshifts of these targets fall in the range 0.028 <= z <= 0.4 and their V magnitudes are in the range 14.19 to 17.2. We request 29 orbits in total for the project.
Our scientific objectives need the assessment of line ratios and line profiles of emission lines diagnostic of accretion rates. We will observe C iv lambda 1549 to Mg ii lambda 2798 that corresponds to far-ultraviolet (FUV), near-ultraviolet (NUV) and optical regions at the redshifts of our target. We will utilize STIS Multi-Anode Microchannel Array (MAMA) FUV G140L, NUV G230L and CCD G430L gratings. The STIS instrument offers the remarkable capability to acquire almost simultaneous spectra with consistent aperture. It minimizes potential systematic biases due to AGN variability, host-galaxy contamination, and contributions from the narrow-line region.
STIS FUV MAMA 1st order G140L grating provides a spectral range of 1150-1730 angstrom with resolution of 960-1440 and will cover the lamda 1400 feature and the C iv line for low-redshift targets (z <= 0.115). We will use the recommended 52x0.2D1 aperture to place the targets two arcsecond above the edge of the FUV MAMA detector to minimize the extra dark current. We will observe Mg ii for our low-redshift targets using STIS NUV MAMA 1st order grating G230L that provides a spectral range of 1570-3180 angstrom with spectral resolution of 500-1010. G230L will also be used for higher redshift targets (z >= 0.121) to observe C iv line. We will use the standard 52x0.2 aperture for the NUV MAMA. For higher redshift targets the Mg ii line will be covered by the STIS CCD G430L grating with spectral range 2900-5700 angstrom and resolution of 530-1040. To minimize losses caused by imperfect charge transfer efficiency, we will use the recommended E1 aperture position for the CCD detector. Our targets are relatively faint and will not exceed the MAMA/CCD brightness limit. To ensure effective removal of cosmic ray hits and bad pixels, we implement a dithering technique for each grating recommended in the STIS instrument handbook.
To estimate the required exposure time, we utilized the STIS Spectroscopic ETC and selected the proposed STIS configuration, point source type, and a non-stellar model spectra (QSO, LBQS based). We then simulated the spectra of 18 targets by taking into account factors such as redshift, extinction, and GALEX AB magnitude (i or u magnitude if GALEX magnitudes were not available). In our simulations, we used standard zodiacal light and Earth shine light configurations. For low-redshift targets (z <= 0.115), we used STIS MAMA-FUV and MAMA-NUV gratings to simulate the spectra with a signal-to-noise (S/N) per resolution element greater than 15 in the continuum, specifically for the observed wavelength of C iv and, whenever possible, the lambda 1400 feature and Mg ii lines. For higher redshift targets (z > 0.121), we used STIS MAMA-NUV and CCD gratings with the same S/N requirement. We are requesting 1-2 orbits for each target to obtain a spectra with S/N>15. We provide the STIS ETC id for each target. We use the entire orbit and exceed our minimum exposure time estimates, which are therefore conservation. This approach guarantees a good S/N even for objects that have dimmed since their GALEX measurements.
Our group has experts on quasar broad emission lines and what they can tell us about fundamental physical properties, including Jaya Maithil, Michael Brotherton, Pu Du, Zhaohui Shang, Ohad Shemmer, Jessie Runnoe, Adam Myers and Michael Brotherton's graduate student Theodora Zastrocky. Sarah Gallagher and Ohad Shemmer are experts on the X-rays from quasars and their relationship to accretion rate and optical/UV spectral features. Keith Horne, Rodrigo Nemmen and Jian-Min Wang are theorists with expertise regarding quasar accretion and its effects on observable properties, as well as AGN reverberation mapping. Together, our group has published hundreds of papers on the topic of quasars, a significant fraction of which have involved UV spectroscopy and/or data from the Hubble Space Telescope.
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)
(Tic-Obset
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)
(Tic-Orbit
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)
true
1
1
/System/Volumes/Data/solaris/user1/royle/OP-cache/17511-v10.xml
The scheduling data was generated by CASM 31.1.
CASM was run in Phase II mode.
1742054787000
268.0477787510661
(Tic-Visit
:proposal-id 17511
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(Tic-Obset
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)
(Tic-Orbit
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(Tic-Orbit
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)
true
2
0
/System/Volumes/Data/solaris/user1/royle/OP-cache/17511-v11.xml
The scheduling data was generated by CASM 31.1.
CASM was run in Phase II mode.
1733010421000
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(Tic-Visit
:proposal-id 17511
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(Tic-Obset
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)
(Tic-Orbit
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:pcs-visibility 3039
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)
true
1
0
/System/Volumes/Data/solaris/user1/royle/OP-cache/17511-v12.xml
The scheduling data was generated by CASM 31.1.
CASM was run in Phase II mode.
1728273935000
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(Tic-Visit
:proposal-id 17511
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:number-of-orbits 2
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(Tic-Obset
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)
(Tic-Orbit
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)
(Tic-Orbit
:proposal-id 17511
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:max-dark-utilization 1920
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:pcs-gap 0
)
true
2
0
/System/Volumes/Data/solaris/user1/royle/OP-cache/17511-v13.xml
The scheduling data was generated by CASM 31.1.
CASM was run in Phase II mode.
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259.79085421045147
(Tic-Visit
:proposal-id 17511
:visit-id "13"
:proposal-version -1
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:trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0
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:number-of-orbits 2
:saa-model "24"
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)
(Tic-Obset
:proposal-id 17511
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:obset-id "13"
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)
(Tic-Orbit
:proposal-id 17511
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)
(Tic-Orbit
:proposal-id 17511
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:dark-offset NIL
:dark-utilization 0
:max-dark-utilization 1920
:low-sky "N"
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)
true
2
0
/System/Volumes/Data/solaris/user1/royle/OP-cache/17511-v63.xml
1771561519000
257.15713410532044
(Tic-Visit
:proposal-id 17511
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:trans-version "20241217"
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:trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0
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:number-of-orbits 1
:saa-model "24"
:si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0
:data-volume 179440
:tdrss-contact-duration 0
:coron NIL
)
(Tic-Obset
:proposal-id 17511
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:obset-id "63"
:pcs-mode "FGS"
)
(Tic-Orbit
:proposal-id 17511
:visit-id "63"
:orbit-number 1
:pcs-time 380
:si-vis-utilization 2669
:al-overhead-at-end 0
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:dark-offset NIL
:dark-utilization 0
:max-dark-utilization 1920
:low-sky "N"
:pcs-visibility 3049
:pcs-gap 0
)
true
1
0
/System/Volumes/Data/solaris/user1/royle/OP-cache/17511-v14.xml
The scheduling data was generated by CASM 31.1.
CASM was run in Phase II mode.
1734348974000
294.8961051274873
(Tic-Visit
:proposal-id 17511
:visit-id "14"
:proposal-version -1
:trans-version "20240604"
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:trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0
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:number-of-orbits 2
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)
(Tic-Obset
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:obset-id "14"
:pcs-mode "FGS"
)
(Tic-Orbit
:proposal-id 17511
:visit-id "14"
:orbit-number 1
:pcs-time 380
:si-vis-utilization 2635
:al-overhead-at-end 0
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:dark-offset NIL
:dark-utilization 0
:max-dark-utilization 1920
:low-sky "N"
:pcs-visibility 3015
:pcs-gap 0
)
(Tic-Orbit
:proposal-id 17511
:visit-id "14"
:orbit-number 2
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:si-vis-utilization 2635
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:dark-offset NIL
:dark-utilization 0
:max-dark-utilization 1920
:low-sky "N"
:pcs-visibility 3015
:pcs-gap 0
)
true
2
0
/System/Volumes/Data/solaris/user1/royle/OP-cache/17511-v64.xml
1765664713000
295.6016683877804
(Tic-Visit
:proposal-id 17511
:visit-id "64"
:proposal-version -1
:trans-version "20241217"
:date "27-Mar-2025 15:27:51.0"
:trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0
:FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0)
:number-of-orbits 2
:saa-model "24"
:si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0
:data-volume 400592
:tdrss-contact-duration 0
:coron NIL
)
(Tic-Obset
:proposal-id 17511
:visit-id "64"
:obset-id "64"
:pcs-mode "FGS"
)
(Tic-Orbit
:proposal-id 17511
:visit-id "64"
:orbit-number 1
:pcs-time 380
:si-vis-utilization 2635
:al-overhead-at-end 0
:internal-dur-at-end 113
:dark-offset NIL
:dark-utilization 0
:max-dark-utilization 1920
:low-sky "N"
:pcs-visibility 3015
:pcs-gap 0
)
(Tic-Orbit
:proposal-id 17511
:visit-id "64"
:orbit-number 2
:pcs-time 380
:si-vis-utilization 2635
:al-overhead-at-end 85
:internal-dur-at-end 394
:dark-offset NIL
:dark-utilization 0
:max-dark-utilization 1920
:low-sky "N"
:pcs-visibility 3015
:pcs-gap 0
)
true
2
0
/System/Volumes/Data/solaris/user1/royle/OP-cache/17511-v15.xml
The scheduling data was generated by CASM 31.1.
CASM was run in Phase II mode.
1737667578000
291.6646904396903
(Tic-Visit
:proposal-id 17511
:visit-id "15"
:proposal-version -1
:trans-version "20240604"
:date "13-Jun-2024 14:37:19.0"
:trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0
:FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0)
:number-of-orbits 2
:saa-model "24"
:si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0
:data-volume 372832
:tdrss-contact-duration 0
:coron NIL
)
(Tic-Obset
:proposal-id 17511
:visit-id "15"
:obset-id "15"
:pcs-mode "FGS"
)
(Tic-Orbit
:proposal-id 17511
:visit-id "15"
:orbit-number 1
:pcs-time 380
:si-vis-utilization 2648
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:dark-offset NIL
:dark-utilization 0
:max-dark-utilization 1920
:low-sky "N"
:pcs-visibility 3028
:pcs-gap 0
)
(Tic-Orbit
:proposal-id 17511
:visit-id "15"
:orbit-number 2
:pcs-time 380
:si-vis-utilization 2648
:al-overhead-at-end 85
:internal-dur-at-end 394
:dark-offset NIL
:dark-utilization 0
:max-dark-utilization 1920
:low-sky "N"
:pcs-visibility 3028
:pcs-gap 0
)
true
2
0
/System/Volumes/Data/solaris/user1/royle/OP-cache/17511-v16.xml
The scheduling data was generated by CASM 31.1.
CASM was run in Phase II mode.
1734207001000
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(Tic-Visit
:proposal-id 17511
:visit-id "16"
:proposal-version -1
:trans-version "20240604"
:date "13-Jun-2024 14:38:41.0"
:trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0
:FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0)
:number-of-orbits 2
:saa-model "24"
:si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0
:data-volume 372816
:tdrss-contact-duration 0
:coron NIL
)
(Tic-Obset
:proposal-id 17511
:visit-id "16"
:obset-id "16"
:pcs-mode "FGS"
)
(Tic-Orbit
:proposal-id 17511
:visit-id "16"
:orbit-number 1
:pcs-time 380
:si-vis-utilization 2654
:al-overhead-at-end 0
:internal-dur-at-end 113
:dark-offset NIL
:dark-utilization 0
:max-dark-utilization 1920
:low-sky "N"
:pcs-visibility 3034
:pcs-gap 0
)
(Tic-Orbit
:proposal-id 17511
:visit-id "16"
:orbit-number 2
:pcs-time 380
:si-vis-utilization 2654
:al-overhead-at-end 85
:internal-dur-at-end 394
:dark-offset NIL
:dark-utilization 0
:max-dark-utilization 1920
:low-sky "N"
:pcs-visibility 3034
:pcs-gap 0
)
true
2
0
/System/Volumes/Data/solaris/user1/royle/OP-cache/17511-v66.xml
1764228902000
291.8193138547995
(Tic-Visit
:proposal-id 17511
:visit-id "66"
:proposal-version -1
:trans-version "20241217"
:date "27-Mar-2025 15:27:47.0"
:trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0
:FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0)
:number-of-orbits 2
:saa-model "24"
:si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0
:data-volume 372816
:tdrss-contact-duration 0
:coron NIL
)
(Tic-Obset
:proposal-id 17511
:visit-id "66"
:obset-id "66"
:pcs-mode "FGS"
)
(Tic-Orbit
:proposal-id 17511
:visit-id "66"
:orbit-number 1
:pcs-time 380
:si-vis-utilization 2654
:al-overhead-at-end 0
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:dark-offset NIL
:dark-utilization 0
:max-dark-utilization 1920
:low-sky "N"
:pcs-visibility 3034
:pcs-gap 0
)
(Tic-Orbit
:proposal-id 17511
:visit-id "66"
:orbit-number 2
:pcs-time 380
:si-vis-utilization 2654
:al-overhead-at-end 85
:internal-dur-at-end 394
:dark-offset NIL
:dark-utilization 0
:max-dark-utilization 1920
:low-sky "N"
:pcs-visibility 3034
:pcs-gap 0
)
true
2
0
/System/Volumes/Data/solaris/user1/royle/OP-cache/17511-vR6.xml
Duplicate of first orbit of visit 66.
(Tic-Visit
:proposal-id 17511
:visit-id "R6"
:proposal-version -1
:trans-version "20250929"
:date "20-Feb-2026 12:31:46.0"
:trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0
:FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0)
:number-of-orbits 1
:saa-model "24"
:si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0
:data-volume 129232
:tdrss-contact-duration 0
:coron NIL
)
(Tic-Obset
:proposal-id 17511
:visit-id "R6"
:obset-id "R6"
:pcs-mode "FGS"
)
(Tic-Orbit
:proposal-id 17511
:visit-id "R6"
:orbit-number 1
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:si-vis-utilization 1515
:al-overhead-at-end 0
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:dark-offset NIL
:dark-utilization 0
:max-dark-utilization 1920
:low-sky "N"
:pcs-visibility 2987
:pcs-gap 0
)
true
1
0
/System/Volumes/Data/solaris/user1/royle/OP-cache/17511-v17.xml
The scheduling data was generated by CASM 31.1.
CASM was run in Phase II mode.
1730739035000
287.8538061453499
(Tic-Visit
:proposal-id 17511
:visit-id "17"
:proposal-version -1
:trans-version "20240604"
:date "13-Jun-2024 14:39:17.0"
:trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0
:FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0)
:number-of-orbits 2
:saa-model "24"
:si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0
:data-volume 400592
:tdrss-contact-duration 0
:coron NIL
)
(Tic-Obset
:proposal-id 17511
:visit-id "17"
:obset-id "17"
:pcs-mode "FGS"
)
(Tic-Orbit
:proposal-id 17511
:visit-id "17"
:orbit-number 1
:pcs-time 380
:si-vis-utilization 2635
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:dark-offset NIL
:dark-utilization 0
:max-dark-utilization 1920
:low-sky "N"
:pcs-visibility 3015
:pcs-gap 0
)
(Tic-Orbit
:proposal-id 17511
:visit-id "17"
:orbit-number 2
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:dark-offset NIL
:dark-utilization 0
:max-dark-utilization 1920
:low-sky "N"
:pcs-visibility 3015
:pcs-gap 0
)
true
2
0
/System/Volumes/Data/solaris/user1/royle/OP-cache/17511-v18.xml
The scheduling data was generated by CASM 31.1.
CASM was run in Phase II mode.
1719149024000
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(Tic-Visit
:proposal-id 17511
:visit-id "18"
:proposal-version -1
:trans-version "20240604"
:date "13-Jun-2024 14:19:40.0"
:trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 1 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0
:FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0)
:number-of-orbits 1
:saa-model "24"
:si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0
:data-volume 249024
:tdrss-contact-duration 0
:coron NIL
)
(Tic-Obset
:proposal-id 17511
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:obset-id "18"
:pcs-mode "FGS"
)
(Tic-Orbit
:proposal-id 17511
:visit-id "18"
:orbit-number 1
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:al-overhead-at-end 0
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:dark-offset NIL
:dark-utilization 0
:max-dark-utilization 1920
:low-sky "N"
:pcs-visibility 3218
:pcs-gap 0
)
true
1
1