HST Bridge proposal submission 2 -1927320148 Assigned ID: 6000 ----- Attempting Submission 1 (Fri Nov 08 00:07:17 GMT 2024) ----- HST Phase I Proposal 6000 successfully submitted. Receipt: # 6000-1 ----- Attempting Submission 2 (Fri Nov 08 00:55:40 GMT 2024) ----- Submission #2 Updates: 1) Grouped visits with 2-day timing requirement 2) Increased NSAMP from 10 to 15 for WFC3/IR exposures -1082856529 ----- Attempting Submission 2 (Wed Jan 29 12:25:30 GMT 2025) ----- The UV-Optical-IR Spectral Energy Distribution of Quasi-Periodic Eruptions Quasi-Periodic Eruptions (QPEs) are a new class of soft X-ray sources that exhibit high-amplitude flares with recurrence times ranging from a few hours to days. They are associated with low-mass massive black holes (MBHs) at galactic centers, but their nature and origin remain mysterious and strongly debated. Many theoretical frameworks invoke a compact accretion disk around the MBH to explain the origins of QPEs. We propose to obtain high-resolution images of 3 QPE host galaxies to create a comprehensive UV-optical-IR spectral energy distribution (SED) of their nuclear regions on the scale of 0.1 arcsec. Our scientific goals for constructing the SED are to test the compactness of the accretion disk, and study the nuclear star clusters (NSCs) in these QPE sources. These observations have the potential for redefining the burgeoning QPE field by testing the various models for the origins of QPEs and the broader context of MBH accretion disks and their evolution. Beyond our immediate science goals, the broad-band images of QPE hosts proposed here will have long-term value in studying their star-formation history, central stellar concentration, and morphology, providing a comprehensive understanding of the environments that facilitate QPE occurrences. Only HST can provide sufficiently high-resolution imaging across a wide range of wavelengths to resolve out the majority of the stellar light in the QPE hosts. QPEs are quickly becoming an exciting probe of low-mass SMBHs, making this proposal timely in the pursuit of understanding these puzzling phenomena. The observations involve multiband imaging of three galactic nuclei that host quasi-periodic X-ray sources, using ACS/SBC, WFC3/UVIS, and WFC3/IR. The three targets are: GSN 069, RX J1301, and ERO-QPE2. Each target will be imaged in the following filters: ACS/SBC: F125LP, F150LP WFC3/UVIS: F225W, F336W, F438W, F625W, F775W WFC3/IR: F105W, F160W Each target will have 2 visits (one for ACS/SBC and the other for WFC3/UVIS and IR). Both visits for a given target are grouped with the requirement to be observed quasi-simultaneously within 2 days of each other. PI K.C. Patra is an expert in observing transients with extensive prior experience in photometry, spectroscopy, and spectropolarimetry of TDEs, AGNs, and SNe. CoI W. Lu is an expert in the modeling of quasi-periodic eruptions and black hole accretion disks. He is also experienced with theoretical modeling of tidal disruption events. CoI A. Filippenko has been studying AGNs and SMBHs for decades, having published many hundreds of research papers on them. He is an experienced HST user and has been a PI or CoI of over 100 HST proposals. CoI G. Miniutti is an expert on AGNs. He led the discovery of the QPE in GSN 069, and is the leading expert on this QPE. He also contributed to discovery papers and subsequent studies of other QPE sources and candidates. His expertise on the multi-wavelength properties of QPE sources and the associated emission models will be important for the success of our project. CoI R. Arcodia is an expert on the discovery, multi-wavelength study, and interpretation of quasi-periodic eruptions. He is also experienced in multi-wavelength observations of massive black holes in dwarf galaxies. CoI K.D. French is an expert in multi-wavelength observations of the host galaxies of nuclear transients. She has experience using HST imaging to study the host galaxies of TDEs. CoI N. Hoyer is an expert on analyzing nuclear star clusters using HST and JWST data, focusing on their structural properties and relation to massive black holes. CoI S. Bianchi is an expert in the field of high-energy astrophysics of compact objects. CoI M. Giustini is an expert X-ray astronomer and has contributed to the discovery and subsequent studies of QPEs. In particular, they are leading the X-ray analysis of the second identified QPE source, RX J1301.9+2747. CoI T. Wevers has led the first systematic study of QPE host-galaxy properties, and has experience in detailed host-galaxy studies of other transient events such as TDEs. CoI R. Foley is an experienced HST user with over 84 journal articles using HST data to his name. Overall, this team has extensive experience in all aspects pertaining to this program's success. Supermassive Black Holes and Active Galaxies Stellar Populations and the Interstellar Medium 6 false false false false false false SUPPORTED GALAXY ACCRETION DISK NUCLEUS J2000 J2000 Estimated FUV 20 mag GALAXY ACCRETION DISK NUCLEUS J2000 J2000 Estimated FUV 20 mag GALAXY ACCRETION DISK NUCLEUS J2000 J2000 Estimated FUV 22 mag ACS/SBC Imaging No No F125LP ACS/SBC Imaging No No F150LP ACS/SBC Imaging No No F125LP ACS/SBC Imaging No No F150LP ACS/SBC Imaging No No F125LP ACS/SBC Imaging No No F150LP WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F225W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F336W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F438W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F625W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F775W WFC3/IR Imaging No No F105W WFC3/IR Imaging No No F160W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F225W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F336W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F438W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F625W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F775W WFC3/IR Imaging No No F105W WFC3/IR Imaging No No F160W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F225W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F336W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F438W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F625W WFC3/UVIS Imaging No No F775W WFC3/IR Imaging No No F105W WFC3/IR Imaging No No F160W POS-TARG DITHER 0.472 LINE false false 2 44.4 ACS-SBC-DITHER-LINE 1 false POS-TARG DITHER 0.145 LINE false false 2 46.84 WFC3-UVIS-DITHER-LINE 2 false POS-TARG DITHER 0.636 LINE false false 2 41.788 WFC3-IR-DITHER-LINE 3 false Timing link suitability includes constraints ([Group (01 1A) Within 2.0 days]) The scheduling data was generated by CASM 33.0. CASM was run in Phase II mode. This visit consists of 1 orbit with the following observations Orbit 1: ACS/SBC F125LP & F150LP 1757267121000 309.70141573771707 (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 17914 :visit-id "01" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20241216" :date "27-Jan-2025 11:58:55.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "28" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 74064 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 17914 :visit-id "01" :obset-id "01" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 17914 :visit-id "01" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 380 :si-vis-utilization 2651 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 117 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3034 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0 Timing link suitability includes constraints ([Group (01 1A) Within 2.0 days]) The scheduling data was generated by CASM 33.0. CASM was run in Phase II mode. This visit consists of 2 orbits with the following division Orbit 1: WFC3/UVIS F225W & F336W & F438W Orbit 2: WFC3/UVIS F625W & F775W --> switch to WFC3/IR F105W & F160W 1757154202000 302.8974886181388 (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 17914 :visit-id "1A" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20241216" :date "29-Jan-2025 03:16:27.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 2 :saa-model "29" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 1431408 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 17914 :visit-id "1A" :obset-id "1A" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 17914 :visit-id "1A" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 380 :si-vis-utilization 2651 :al-overhead-at-end 178 :internal-dur-at-end 660 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3034 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 17914 :visit-id "1A" :orbit-number 2 :pcs-time 380 :si-vis-utilization 2253 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 707 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3034 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 2 0 Timing link suitability includes constraints ([Group (02 2A) Within 2.0 days]) The scheduling data was generated by CASM 33.0. CASM was run in Phase II mode. This visit consists of 1 orbit with the following observations Orbit 1: ACS/SBC F125LP & F150LP 1763884742000 310.1542737090858 (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 17914 :visit-id "02" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20241216" :date "27-Jan-2025 11:58:58.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 1 :saa-model "28" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 74064 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 17914 :visit-id "02" :obset-id "02" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 17914 :visit-id "02" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 380 :si-vis-utilization 2651 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 117 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3032 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 1 0 Timing link suitability includes constraints ([Group (02 2A) Within 2.0 days]) The scheduling data was generated by CASM 33.0. CASM was run in Phase II mode. This visit consists of 2 orbits with the following division Orbit 1: WFC3/UVIS F225W & F336W & F438W Orbit 2: WFC3/UVIS F625W & F775W --> switch to WFC3/IR F105W & F160W 1763890435000 314.18428990548114 (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 17914 :visit-id "2A" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20241216" :date "29-Jan-2025 03:19:30.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 2 :saa-model "29" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 1431408 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 17914 :visit-id "2A" :obset-id "2A" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 17914 :visit-id "2A" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 380 :si-vis-utilization 2651 :al-overhead-at-end 178 :internal-dur-at-end 660 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3032 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 17914 :visit-id "2A" :orbit-number 2 :pcs-time 380 :si-vis-utilization 2253 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 707 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3032 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 2 0 Timing link suitability includes constraints ([Group (03 3A) Within 2.0 days]) The scheduling data was generated by CASM 33.0. CASM was run in Phase II mode. This visit consists of 2 orbits with the following division Orbit 1: ACS/SBC F125LP Orbit 2: ACS/SBC F150LP 1757963039000 302.660974308586 (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 17914 :visit-id "03" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20241216" :date "27-Jan-2025 11:59:00.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 2 :saa-model "28" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 74064 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 17914 :visit-id "03" :obset-id "03" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 17914 :visit-id "03" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 380 :si-vis-utilization 2669 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 0 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3049 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 17914 :visit-id "03" :orbit-number 2 :pcs-time 380 :si-vis-utilization 2635 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 117 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3049 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 2 0 Timing link suitability includes constraints ([Group (03 3A) Within 2.0 days]) The scheduling data was generated by CASM 33.0. CASM was run in Phase II mode. This visit consists of 2 orbits with the following division Orbit 1: WFC3/UVIS F225W & F336W & F438W Orbit 2: WFC3/UVIS F625W & F775W --> switch to WFC3/IR F105W & F160W 1757974315000 302.8815606579174 (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 17914 :visit-id "3A" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20241216" :date "29-Jan-2025 03:19:33.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 0 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 2 :saa-model "29" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 1431408 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 17914 :visit-id "3A" :obset-id "3A" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 17914 :visit-id "3A" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 380 :si-vis-utilization 2669 :al-overhead-at-end 178 :internal-dur-at-end 660 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3049 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 17914 :visit-id "3A" :orbit-number 2 :pcs-time 380 :si-vis-utilization 2253 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 707 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3049 :pcs-gap 0 ) false 2 0 /System/Volumes/Data/solaris/user1/williamj/hst/work/cycle32/OP-cache/17914-v3B.xml This visit consists of 2 orbits with the following division Orbit 1: ACS/SBC F125LP Orbit 2: ACS/SBC F150LP (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 17914 :visit-id "3B" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20250929" :date "26-Nov-2025 14:48:25.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 2 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 2 :saa-model "28" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 74064 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 17914 :visit-id "3B" :obset-id "3B" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 17914 :visit-id "3B" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 380 :si-vis-utilization 2649 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 0 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3001 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 17914 :visit-id "3B" :orbit-number 2 :pcs-time 380 :si-vis-utilization 2655 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 117 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3001 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 2 2 /System/Volumes/Data/solaris/user1/williamj/hst/work/cycle32/OP-cache/17914-v3C.xml This visit consists of 2 orbits with the following division Orbit 1: WFC3/UVIS F225W & F336W & F438W Orbit 2: WFC3/UVIS F625W & F775W --> switch to WFC3/IR F105W & F160W (Tic-Visit :proposal-id 17914 :visit-id "3C" :proposal-version -1 :trans-version "20250929" :date "26-Nov-2025 14:48:26.0" :trans-errors '(:WARNINGS 1 :ERRORS 0 :HEALTH-AND-SAFETY 0 :FATAL-ERRORS 0 :CONTINUABLE-FATALS 0) :number-of-orbits 2 :saa-model "29" :si-bright-earth-limb-angle 20.0 :data-volume 1431408 :tdrss-contact-duration 0 :coron NIL ) (Tic-Obset :proposal-id 17914 :visit-id "3C" :obset-id "3C" :pcs-mode "FGS" ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 17914 :visit-id "3C" :orbit-number 1 :pcs-time 380 :si-vis-utilization 2669 :al-overhead-at-end 178 :internal-dur-at-end 660 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3001 :pcs-gap 0 ) (Tic-Orbit :proposal-id 17914 :visit-id "3C" :orbit-number 2 :pcs-time 380 :si-vis-utilization 2253 :al-overhead-at-end 0 :internal-dur-at-end 707 :dark-offset NIL :dark-utilization 0 :max-dark-utilization 1920 :low-sky "N" :pcs-visibility 3001 :pcs-gap 0 ) true 2 1