10002( 2) - 10/13/03 10:57 - [ 1] PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID: 10002 Version: 2 Check-in Date: 13-Oct-2003 10:54:24 1.Proposal Title: Detailed Study of X-ray Jets from a Complete Survey ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Proposal For 3. Cycle GO 12 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4. Investigators Contact? PI: Dr. Eric S. Perlman University of Maryland Baltimore County CoI: Dr. Herman L. Marshall Massachusetts Institute of Technology N CoI: Dr. Daniel A. Schwartz SAO N CoI: Dr. James Lovell CSIRO, Australia Telescope National N Facility CoI: Dr. Diana M. Worrall University of Bristol N CoI: Dr. Mark Birkinshaw University of Bristol N CoI: Dr. David W. Murphy Jet Propulsion Laboratory N CoI: Dr. David Jauncey CSIRO, Australia Telescope National N Facility CoI: Dr. Robert A. Preston Jet Propulsion Laboratory N CoI: Dr. Jonathan Gelbord Massachusetts Institute of Technology N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. Abstract We propose deep followup HST and Chandra observations of two X-ray jets, which are the X-ray brightest discovered in our Chandra survey of quasars with known radio jets. With these data, we will compare their X-ray, optical and radio morphologies. We will also obtain X-ray and optical spectral indices, and spatially resolved SEDs from the radio through the X-rays. This will allow us to determine the X-ray emission mechanism at each point in these jets, and test critical predictions made by each mechanism. We will also be able to track any changes in physical conditions (including magnetic field and bulk Lorentz factor) that are present in the observed 90 degree bends. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10002( 2) - 10/13/03 10:57 - [ 2] Observations Description ------------------------ To accompany our Chandra observations, we propose to obtain deep HST imaging of two X-ray jet sources. Our observations will utilize two key qualities of the HST to obtain the most useful possible information: its high angular resolution and low background. Only HST can attain the 0.1'' resolutions in the optical necessary to see X-ray/radio/optical morphology differences along the lines of those seen in PKS0637-752 and 3C 273, which are on 0.1-0.2'' scales. The HST observations will constrain the overall morphology of these jets and allow us to track the bends and the jet SED at all locations. This will allow us to constrain the jet beaming factor and viewing angle at kpc scales, whereas previous and ongoing VLBI observations constrain these parameters on smaller scales. For PKS 0208--512, where we have no radio constraint on theta, tracking the bend will also constrain this parameter, as if the bend is gradual, its jet is probably helical and seen at a very small angle with respect to the line of sight (which would constrain how large any change in delta could be). We will use two HST bands, F475W (SDSS g) and F814W (broad I) to obtain an optical spectral index. This is important to constrain physical models. If, for example, both synchrotron and inverse-Compton emission are feasible for the X- ray emission, the optical spectral index provides a crucial diagnostic, breaking the degeneracy. The usefulness of this information is seen in the case of knot A of the 3C 273 jet, where without good optical spectral index information one might suggest that IC and synchrotron are equally plausible models for its X-ray emission (see Marshall et al. 2001, Sambruna et al. 2001). But as shown in Jester et al. (2002), its broadband SED does not break in the optical-X-ray, instead even hardening somewhat. This implies that the inverse- Compton model is unlikely to be responsible for the X-ray emission for knot A of the 3C 273 jet. The extremely low background and high resolution of HST makes possible exquisite sensitivity, particularly for compact sources such as these knots. The observations we propose -- totalling 2 orbits for PKS 1202-262 and 3 orbits for PKS 0208-512 -- will reach (I=28.7, g=29.0) and (]I=27.9, g=28.3) respectively for PKS 0208-512 and PKS 1202-262, at 5 sigma significance. This will allow even upper limits to exclude an extension of the radio synchrotron spectrum. The need for this level of sensitivity is well illustrated by PKS 0637-752, which is considerably brighter in the X-rays than these two, where the knots were found at R=27. In addition to the long exposures (which will be CR-SPLIT and dithered), we will also obtain short exposures in each case. This will allow us to achieve optimal astrometry (i.e., by fixing the position of the quasar core). It will also help us to obtain optimal PSF subtraction, helping considerably with our ability to detect jet knots at radii Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 PKS1202-262 ACS/WF ACCUM WFC1-1K F475W 1 990 S PATTERN 1 1 C ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 PKS1202-262 ACS/WF ACCUM WFC1-1K F475W 1 100 S C ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 PKS1202-262 ACS/WF ACCUM WFC1-1K F814W 1 1044 S PATTERN 1 3 C ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 PKS1202-262 ACS/WF ACCUM WFC1-1K F814W 1 100 S C ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Visit Id| Exp Id |Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit Num |Duration | |Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 01 1 1 none none 1 1 tbd 01 1 1 none none 2 1 tbd 01 1 2 none none 1 1 tbd 01 1 2 none none 2 1 tbd 01 2 none none none 1 1 tbd 01 2 none none none 2 1 tbd 01 3 1 none none 1 2 tbd 01 3 1 none none 2 2 tbd 01 3 2 none none 1 2 tbd 01 3 2 none none 2 2 tbd 01 4 none none none 1 2 tbd 01 4 none none none 2 2 tbd 10002( 2) - 10/13/03 10:57 - [ 7] Visit: 02 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 PKS0208-512 ACS/WF ACCUM WFC1-1K F475W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 1037 S PATTERN 1 1 C ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 PKS0208-512 ACS/WF ACCUM WFC1-1K F475W 1 120 S C ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 PKS0208-512 ACS/WF ACCUM WFC1-1K F475W 1 20 S C ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 PKS0208-512 ACS/WF ACCUM WFC1-1K F475W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 520 S PATTERN 1 4 C ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 PKS0208-512 ACS/WF ACCUM WFC1-1K F814W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 520 S PATTERN 1 5 C ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 PKS0208-512 ACS/WF ACCUM WFC1-1K F814W 1 200 S C ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 PKS0208-512 ACS/WF ACCUM WFC1-1K F814W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 1100 S PATTERN 1 7 C ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 PKS0208-512 ACS/WF ACCUM WFC1-1K F814W 1 140 S C ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9 PKS0208-512 ACS/WF ACCUM WFC1-1K F814W 1 20 S C ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Visit Id| Exp Id |Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit Num |Duration | |Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 02 1 1 none none none 1 tbd 02 1 2 none none none 1 tbd 02 2 none none none 1 1 tbd 02 2 none none none 2 1 tbd 02 3 none none none 1 1 tbd 02 3 none none none 2 1 tbd 02 4 1 none none none 2 tbd 02 4 2 none none none 2 tbd 10002( 2) - 10/13/03 10:57 - [ 8] Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Visit Id| Exp Id |Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit Num |Duration | |Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 02 5 1 none none none 2 tbd 02 5 2 none none none 2 tbd 02 6 none none none 1 2 tbd 02 6 none none none 2 2 tbd 02 7 1 none none none 3 tbd 02 7 2 none none none 3 tbd 02 8 none none none 1 3 tbd 02 8 none none none 2 3 tbd 02 9 none none none 1 3 tbd 02 9 none none none 2 3 tbd 10002( 2) - 10/13/03 10:57 - [ 9] Summary Form for Proposal 10002 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures WFC1-1K ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations ACS/WFC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACCUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters CR-SPLIT=NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal Category GO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements PATTERN 1 1 PATTERN 1 3 PATTERN 1 4 PATTERN 1 5 PATTERN 1 7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F475W F814W ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names PKS1202-262 PKS0208-512 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------