10004( 6) - 09/11/03 14:39 - [ 1] PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID: 10004 Version: 6 Check-in Date: 11-Sep-2003 14:38:12 1.Proposal Title: The Physics of Relativistic Jets: Chandra Imaging of Extended Jets in Gamma-loud Blazars ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Proposal For 3. Cycle GO 12 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4. Investigators Contact? PI: Dr. Fabrizio Tavecchio Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, Milano CoI: Mr. Chi Cheung Brandeis University N CoI: Dr. Laura Maraschi Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, Milano N CoI: Dr. Rita M. Sambruna George Mason University N CoI: Dr. Claudia Megan Urry Yale University N CoI: Ms. Jessica Gambill George Mason University N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. Abstract Extended jets have been a key target for Chandra yet only recently has the kpc-scale jet physics been compared to that of the inner, parsec-scale jets. Such a comparison reveals the jet deceleration, power dissipation, pressure gradient, and confinement mechanism --- all essential ingredients for understanding the relativistic jets that characterize radio- loud AGN. Currently, few data exist to make this comparison. We propose to double the sample, with Chandra observations of 4 gamma-loud blazars: 0954+556 and 1229-021, the only 2 bright radio jets not yet observed by Chandra; and 0208-512 and 3C 454.3, observed in A03 with much too short exposures. We also propose HST multi-band ACS imaging of jet knots in 0208-512, 0954+556 and 3C 454.3. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10004( 6) - 09/11/03 14:39 - [ 2] Observations Description ------------------------ Deep ACS WFC1 exposures for 3 targets in 2 bands (1 band per orbit) -- F475W (sdss g) and F814W (Broad I) -- were awarded totaling 6 orbits. The exposure times were calculated using the ACS exposure time calculator (ETC) to give us a minimum signal-to-noise ratio value of 5 detections of each jet knot in each filter. Input values for optical fluxes at 6500 angstroms were estimated from our 5 GHz VLA measurements for 2 of the targets assuming that the knots are point sources with radio-to-optical spectra, alpha_{ro}=1.1. This is the average alpha_{ro} value of over 20 optical knots detected in our AO2 survey, with relatively small dispersion of 0.15. For 0208-512, the optical flux was extrapolated from the X-ray detection (Schwartz et al. 2002) assuming alpha_{ox}=0.6, again, typical of what we found in our AO2 survey. We find that we can easily achieve the minimum S/N of 5 (with an optimal value of 8) in all three filters for even the weakest knots (13 mJy at 5 GHz in 3C454.3), by integrating for ~2500 sec (CR-SPLIT 3) in each filter -- the maximum allowable total exposure in a single HST orbit. Typical values of S/N are actually much higher -- from 10 up to ~60. This will give good S/N detections of the entire jet of all three sources and will allow us to constrain the optical spectrum sufficiently. We also specify a range of spacecraft orientation angles in order to place the expected diffraction spikes from the bright quasar nuclei safely away from the jets. Real Time Justification ----------------------- Calibration Justification ------------------------- Additional Comments ------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10004( 6) - 09/11/03 14:39 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 0208-512 GALAXY, QUASAR RA=02H10M46.2S +/- 0.1", DEC=- J2000 V = 16.9+/-0.1 51D01'2.39" +/- 0.1", PLATE- ID=0127 Coordinate Source: GSC_SURVEY_PLATE Comments: variable 2 0954+556 GALAXY, QUASAR RA=09H57M38.16S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = 17.7+/-0.1 DEC=+55D22'57.59" +/- 0.1", PLATE-ID=0009 Coordinate Source: GSC_SURVEY_PLATE Comments: variable 3 3C454.3 GALAXY, QUASAR RA=22H53M57.77S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = 16.1+/-0.1 DEC=+16D08'53.46" +/- 0.1", PLATE-ID=00GO Coordinate Source: GSC_SURVEY_PLATE Comments: variable 10004( 6) - 09/11/03 14:39 - [ 4] Visit: 01 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: ORIENT 67.0D TO 113.0 D ORIENT 157.0D TO 203.0 D ORIENT 247.0D TO 293.0 D ORIENT 337.0D TO 23.0 D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 0208-512 ACS/WF ACCUM WFC1 F814W GAIN=2,CR-SPLIT=3 1 2493 S C ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 0208-512 ACS/WF ACCUM WFC1 F475W GAIN=2,CR-SPLIT=3 1 2598 S C ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Visit Id| Exp Id |Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit Num |Duration | |Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 01 1 none none none 1 1 tbd 01 1 none none none 2 1 tbd 01 1 none none none 3 1 tbd 01 2 none none none 1 2 tbd 01 2 none none none 2 2 tbd 01 2 none none none 3 2 tbd 10004( 6) - 09/11/03 14:39 - [ 5] Visit: 02 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: ORIENT 53.0D TO 97.0 D ORIENT 143.0D TO 187.0 D ORIENT 233.0D TO 277.0 D ORIENT 323.0D TO 7.0 D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 0954+556 ACS/WF ACCUM WFC1 F814W GAIN=2,CR-SPLIT=3 1 2538 S C ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 0954+556 ACS/WF ACCUM WFC1 F475W GAIN=2,CR-SPLIT=3 1 2643 S C ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Visit Id| Exp Id |Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit Num |Duration | |Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 02 1 none none none 1 1 tbd 02 1 none none none 2 1 tbd 02 1 none none none 3 1 tbd 02 2 none none none 1 2 tbd 02 2 none none none 2 2 tbd 02 2 none none none 3 2 tbd 10004( 6) - 09/11/03 14:39 - [ 6] Visit: 03 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: ORIENT 57.0D TO 103.0 D ORIENT 147.0D TO 193.0 D ORIENT 237.0D TO 283.0 D ORIENT 327.0D TO 13.0 D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 3C454.3 ACS/WF ACCUM WFC1 F814W GAIN=2,CR-SPLIT=3 1 2352 S C ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 3C454.3 ACS/WF ACCUM WFC1 F475W GAIN=2,CR-SPLIT=3 1 2457 S C ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Visit Id| Exp Id |Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit Num |Duration | |Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 03 1 none none none 1 1 tbd 03 1 none none none 2 1 tbd 03 1 none none none 3 1 tbd 03 2 none none none 1 2 tbd 03 2 none none none 2 2 tbd 03 2 none none none 3 2 tbd 10004( 6) - 09/11/03 14:39 - [ 7] Summary Form for Proposal 10004 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures WFC1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations ACS/WFC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACCUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters GAIN=2 CR-SPLIT=3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal Category GO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements ORIENT 67.0D TO 113.0 D ORIENT 157.0D TO 203.0 D ORIENT 247.0D TO 293.0 D ORIENT 337.0D TO 23.0 D ORIENT 53.0D TO 97.0 D ORIENT 143.0D TO 187.0 D ORIENT 233.0D TO 277.0 D ORIENT 323.0D TO 7.0 D ORIENT 57.0D TO 103.0 D ORIENT 147.0D TO 193.0 D ORIENT 237.0D TO 283.0 D ORIENT 327.0D TO 13.0 D ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F814W F475W ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names 0208-512 0954+556 3C454.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------