10187( 14) - 06/28/05 10:29 - [ 1] HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 10187 Version: 14 Check-in Time: 28-Jun-2005 14:29:02 Title Direct imaging of the progenitors of massive, core-collapse supernovae ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Type Cycle Parallel Pointing Tolerance GO 13 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Investigators Contact? PI: Dr. Stephen J. Smartt University of Cambridge CoI: Mr. Justyn R. Maund University of Cambridge N CoI: Prof. Gerard F. Gilmore University of Cambridge N CoI: Dr. Chris A. Tout University of Cambridge N CoI: Ms. Margaret A. Hendry University of Cambridge N CoI: Prof. Peter Meikle Imperial College of Science Technology and N Medicine CoI: Dr. Seppo Mattila Stockholm University N CoI: Dr. Jesper Sollerman Stockholm University N CoI: Dr. Peter Lundqvist Stockholm University N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract Modern supernovae searches in the nearby Universe are discovering large numbers of SNe which have massive star progenitors (Types II, Ib and Ic). The extensive HST image archives of galaxies within ~20Mpc enables their individual bright stellar content to be resolved. As massive, evolved stars are the most luminous single objects in a galaxy, the progenitors of core-collapse SNe should be directly detectable on pre-explosion images. In our ongoing HST programme we have detected the first red supergiant progenitor of a normal type II supernova, shown that SN 1993J came from a binary system, and set direct mass-limits on three other type II supernovae progenitors. These discoveries are providing strong constraints on theoretical models of pre-supernova stellar evolution that predict which stars produce which type of supernovae. We request time to continue this successful project, and require ACS observations of future SNe which are discovered in galaxies closer than 20Mpc which have pre-explosion HST archive images available. These observations will allow the SNe to be precisely positioned on the pre-explosion frames with the required astrometric accuracy of around 0.05", and provide 3-colour photometry of the surrounding stellar populations for reddening estimations. The goal of this project is to directly identify the progenitor stars of core-collapse supernovae. We will compare the results to our own stellar evolutionary tracks in order to determine masses or restrictive mass-limits for the progenitors. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10187( 14) - 06/28/05 10:29 - [ 2] Observations Description ------------------------ We expect to trigger this non-urgent ToO programme between 1-4 times in Cycle 13. The aim is to find progenitor stars of nearby supernovae. When a nearby SN is discovered in a galaxy at a distance of less than ~20Mpc, and if the SN position falls on the FOV of an HST archive image, then we will trigger this ToO. We require imaging of the supernova in 3 filters with ACS in order to carry out accurate differential astrometry of the SN using the fainter background stars. We will also use the deep 3-colour photometry to estimate the reddening towards the surrounding stellar populations. If the SN is bright enough that it may saturate in our CR split exposures of these background stars then we will do a shorter exposure in one filter to alleviate the problem. The exact choice of filters will be chosen after the SN is discovered and will depend on what the archive images have used. We will choose our filter combination to best match these. Real Time Justification ----------------------- As outlined above, this is a ToO programme as we do not yet know the exact targets. But we do not need rapid turn around, indeed it will be better for us to wait a few weeks until the SN fades somewhat to do the observations. We can inform STScI at least 1 month in advance of when we would like the observations, and the time of execution is very flexible. Calibration Justification ------------------------- Additional Comments ------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10187( 14) - 06/28/05 10:29 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 SN2003HN EXT-STAR, SUPERNOVA RA=03H44M36.1000S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = 23.0+/-1.0 TYPE II DEC=-44D37'49.00" +/- 0.1" Coordinate Source: Other_Source: IAUC 8186 6 SN2004DG EXT-STAR, SUPERNOVA RA=14H59M58.9600S +/- 1", J2000 V = 20.0+/-1.0 TYPE II DEC=+01D53'25.60" +/- 1" Coordinate Source: IMAGE_TIED_TO_GSC_FRAME 7 SN2004GT EXT-STAR, SUPERNOVA RA=12H01M50.3700S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = 18.4 TYPE IB DEC=-18D52'12.70" +/- 0.1" B~18.9 I~17.92 Coordinate Source: Other_Source: SIMBAD Comments: Magnitudes estimated from CSP obs of 2004gt http://csp1.lco.cl/~cspuser1/images/OPTICAL_LIGHT_CURV ES/SN04gt.html 8 SN2004GN EXT-STAR, SUPERNOVA RA=12H34M12.1000S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = 23.0 TYPE IB DEC=+02D39'34.40" +/- 0.1" Coordinate Source: Other_Source: SIMBAD 9 SN2005AE EXT-STAR, SUPERNOVA RA=07H58M15.8400S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = 23.0 TYPE IB DEC=-49D51'19.90" +/- 0.1" Coordinate Source: Other_Source: SIMBAD 10 SN2005V EXT-STAR, SUPERNOVA RA=06H18M38.2800S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = 23.0 TYPE IB DEC=+78D21'28.80" +/- 0.1" Coordinate Source: Other_Source: SIMBAD 10187( 14) - 06/28/05 10:29 - [ 4] TARGET LIST Generic Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Selection Criteria | Flux data No | Name | Description | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SN2004YY EXT-STAR, SUPERNOVA V = 15.0 TYPE II Comments: On hold as ToO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 SN2004ZZ EXT-STAR, SUPERNOVA V = 15.0 TYPE II Comments: On hold as a ToO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 SN2005XX EXT-STAR, SUPERNOVA V = 15.0 TYPE II Comments: On hold as a ToO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10187( 14) - 06/28/05 10:29 - [ 5] Visit: 01 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: PCS MODE FINE; SCHED 30%; ORIENT 128.0D TO 138.0 D; BETWEEN 01-APR- 2005:00:00:00 AND 30-JUN-2005:00:00:00 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SN2003HN ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F555W CR-SPLIT=3 1 2552 S see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SN2003HN 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F555W none none none 1 1 805.0 S SN2003HN 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F555W none none none 2 1 805.0 S SN2003HN 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F555W none none none 3 1 805.0 S 10187( 14) - 06/28/05 10:29 - [ 6] Visit: 02 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: BEFORE 20-APR-2005:00:00:00 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SN2004DG ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F435W CR-SPLIT=2 1 1600 S see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SN2004DG ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F555W CR-SPLIT=2 1 1400 S see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 SN2004DG ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F814W CR-SPLIT=2 1 1700 S see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SN2004DG 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F435W none none none 1 1 800.0 S SN2004DG 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F435W none none none 2 1 800.0 S SN2004DG 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F555W none none none 1 1 700.0 S SN2004DG 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F555W none none none 2 2 700.0 S SN2004DG 3 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F814W none none none 1 2 850.0 S SN2004DG 3 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F814W none none none 2 2 850.0 S 10187( 14) - 06/28/05 10:29 - [ 7] Visit: 03 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: BETWEEN 22-APR-2005:00:00:00 AND 28-MAY-2005:00:00:00 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SN2004GT ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W CR-SPLIT=3 1 1530 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SN2004GT ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F814W CR-SPLIT=4 1 1860 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 SN2004GT ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F435W CR-SPLIT=4 1 1672 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SN2004GT 1 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W none none none 1 1 N/A SN2004GT 1 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W none none none 2 1 N/A SN2004GT 1 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W none none none 3 1 N/A SN2004GT 2 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F814W none none none 1 1 N/A SN2004GT 2 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F814W none none none 2 1 N/A SN2004GT 2 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F814W none none none 3 2 N/A SN2004GT 2 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F814W none none none 4 2 N/A SN2004GT 3 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F435W none none none 1 2 N/A SN2004GT 3 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F435W none none none 2 2 N/A SN2004GT 3 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F435W none none none 3 2 N/A SN2004GT 3 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F435W none none none 4 2 N/A 10187( 14) - 06/28/05 10:29 - [ 8] Visit: 04 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: BEFORE 01-SEP-2005:00:00:00 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SN2005V ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F435W CR-SPLIT=4 1 1750 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SN2005V ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W CR-SPLIT=4 1 1775 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 SN2005V ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F814W CR-SPLIT=5 1 1775 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SN2005V 1 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F435W none none none 1 1 N/A SN2005V 1 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F435W none none none 2 1 N/A SN2005V 1 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F435W none none none 3 1 N/A SN2005V 1 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F435W none none none 4 1 N/A SN2005V 2 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W none none none 1 1 N/A SN2005V 2 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W none none none 2 1 N/A SN2005V 2 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W none none none 3 2 N/A SN2005V 2 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W none none none 4 2 N/A SN2005V 3 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F814W none none none 1 2 N/A SN2005V 3 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F814W none none none 2 2 N/A SN2005V 3 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F814W none none none 3 2 N/A SN2005V 3 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F814W none none none 4 2 N/A SN2005V 3 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F814W none none none 5 2 N/A 10187( 14) - 06/28/05 10:29 - [ 9] Visit: 05 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SN2005AE ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F435W CR-SPLIT=3 1 1655 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SN2005AE ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W CR-SPLIT=6 1 1740 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 SN2005AE ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F814W CR-SPLIT=5 1 1700 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SN2005AE 1 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F435W none none none 1 1 N/A SN2005AE 1 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F435W none none none 2 1 N/A SN2005AE 1 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F435W none none none 3 1 N/A SN2005AE 2 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W none none none 1 1 N/A SN2005AE 2 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W none none none 2 1 N/A SN2005AE 2 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W none none none 3 1 N/A SN2005AE 2 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W none none none 4 2 N/A SN2005AE 2 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W none none none 5 2 N/A SN2005AE 2 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W none none none 6 2 N/A SN2005AE 3 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F814W none none none 1 2 N/A SN2005AE 3 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F814W none none none 2 2 N/A SN2005AE 3 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F814W none none none 3 2 N/A SN2005AE 3 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F814W none none none 4 2 N/A SN2005AE 3 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F814W none none none 5 2 N/A 10187( 14) - 06/28/05 10:29 - [ 10] Summary Form for Proposal 10187 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures WFC1 HRC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations ACS/WFC ACS/HRC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACCUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters CR-SPLIT=3 CR-SPLIT=2 CR-SPLIT=4 CR-SPLIT=5 CR-SPLIT=6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal Category GO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements PCS MODE FINE; SCHED 30%; ORIENT 128.0D TO 138.0 D; BETWEEN 01-APR-2005 00 00 00 AND 30-JUN-2005 00 00 00 BEFORE 20-APR-2005 00 00 00 BETWEEN 22-APR-2005 00 00 00 AND 28-MAY-2005 00 00 00 BEFORE 01-SEP-2005 00 00 00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F555W F435W F814W ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names SN2003HN SN2004DG SN2004GT SN2005V SN2005AE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------