10205( 2) - 05/08/04 10:50 - [ 1] PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID: 10205 Version: 2 Check-in Date: 08-May-2004 14:47:10 1.Proposal Title: Critical STIS Spectroscopy and ACS Imagery at the Top of the IMF ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Proposal For 3. Cycle 4. Parallel Pointing Tolerance GO 13 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. Investigators Contact? PI: Dr. Nolan Walborn Space Telescope Science Institute CoI: Dr. Paula Benaglia Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomia N CoI: Dr. Michael Corcoran NASA Goddard Space Flight Center N CoI: Dr. Paul Crowther University of Sheffield N CoI: Dr. Alexander Fullerton The Johns Hopkins University N CoI: Dr. Ian Howarth University College London N CoI: Dr. Daniel Lennon Isaac Newton Group, Observatorio del Roque N de los Muchachos CoI: Dr. Jesus Maiz-Apellaniz Space Telescope Science Institute N CoI: Dr. Philip Massey Lowell Observatory N CoI: Dr. Nidia Morrell Carnegie Institution of Washington N CoI: Dr. Edmund Nelan Space Telescope Science Institute N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Abstract We shall observe two key massive hot stars to investigate the effects of multiplicity and rotational mixing on their parameters and evolution. (1) The prototype O2 If* star HD 93129A dominates the compact cluster Trumpler 14, one of the ionizing clusters of the Carina Nebula. It has been an anchor point for analyses of the most massive stars. Unexpectedly, it has been resolved as a 55 mas binary by FGS. The derived delta m of 0.9 implies that the companion may be similar to the O3 dwarfs HD 93128 and HD 93129B (3" from A) in Tr 14. Recent radio and X-ray data suggest that the HD 93129A system is a colliding-wind binary. We propose to resolve the system spectroscopically with STIS in both the optical and FUV. Also, we plan an orbit of very short ACS exposures on this key cluster to obtain resolved multicolor photometry of its crowded inner members for the first time. (2) The recent discovery of a CNO dichotomy among five O2 giants in the Magellanic Clouds provides a new evolutionary diagnostic for the most massive stars, which is related to their initial rotational velocities. The abundance anomalies are seen in the UV wind spectra as well as optical lines. We propose to observe the FUV spectrum of the LMC ON2 star LH10-3061 with STIS to support further analysis, since it is the only one of these stars lacking UV data. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10205( 2) - 05/08/04 10:50 - [ 2] Observations Description ------------------------ {\bf STIS Spectroscopy of HD~93129A:} HD~93129A has $V = 7.3$, $E_{B-V} = 0.54$. The FGS components have a separation of $55 \pm 3$~milliarcsec in PA $356\deg \pm 4\deg$ and a $\Delta$$m$ of 0.9, or individual magnitudes of 7.7 and 8.6. We shall observe them in the FUV both to study their wind spectra and to take advantage of the spatial resolution provided by the 24~milliarcsec MAMA pixels. The system is too bright for G140L, and also for G140M below 1500~\AA; moreover, the small wavelength coverage per individual setting of the latter makes for inefficiency. The optimum configuration for this observation turns out to be the E140M echelle, which will provide the full FUV spectra of both components. We shall use the available 0.3X0.2 (300 milliarcsec tall) aperture oriented within $\pm10\deg$ of the above PA to maximize the spatial separation of the components and avoid light loss from the companion. We also wish to observe the resolved optical blue-violet spectra to support individual spectral classifications and quantitative physical analyses of the components based on H and He lines. Their separation is only marginally larger than the CCD pixel size of 50~milliarcsec, so we shall dither the observations along the 52X0.2 slit to increase the resolution. The G430L resolution is too low for either of our objectives, so we require 4 settings of G430M (at 3936, 4194, 4451, and 4706~\AA) to achieve the necessary wavelength coverage. With a visibility period of 56~min, all of the above observations can be accomplished within a single orbit. The STIS Exposure Time Calculator has been used to determine exposure times and MAMA safety. We have used a magnitude of 8.0 for the former (between those of the components but closer to the brighter one to alleviate overexposure effects on the spatial resolution), and the combined system magnitude for the latter. An exposure time of 8~min yields an S/N of 40 in the FUV, and 8~sec exposures at each of the 4 blue-violet settings (duplicated at the 0.5~pixel dither points) yield an S/N of 100, which are excellent for our objectives. Guide-star acquisition and target acquisition times are 6~min each (no peakups are required with the 0.2~arcsec wide slits); the MAMA overhead is 8~min and the CCD $6 \times 4$ min (allowing an extra minute per setting for the repeated exposures at the dithered positions); and small-angle maneuvers for the dithering require just over 1~min. The sum of these times is 54~min, just under the visibility period. \noindent {\bf ACS/HRC Imagery of Trumpler~14:} We shall perform very short, dithered exposures of the cluster core in 5 continuum and 2 nebular filters, to obtain resolved multicolor photometry of the bright members, including the new HD~93129A FGS components, for the first time. The HRC pixel size is 27~milliarcsec; the dithering will eliminate the occulting finger and hot pixels. The nebular filters will allow correction for the H~II region emission lines. We shall perform the imaging first and build a delay into the Phase~II program, so that we can verify the FGS parameters for HD~93129A prior to the critical STIS spectroscopy, as well as determine accurate UV and blue magnitudes for the components. The filters and exposure times as calculated with the ACS ETC to avoid saturation are as follows: F220W, 0.5~sec; F250W, 0.3; F435W, 0.1; F550M, 0.1 and 60.0; F850LP, 0.2 and 60.0; F502N, 1.0 and 54.0; F658N, 1.0 and 54.0. The longer exposures in 4 of the filters will provide information about fainter, redder cluster members and about any localized nebular structures in the cluster core. These exposure times are duplicated at the dither points, i.e. the total exposure times are twice the listed amounts. The guide-star acquisition requires 6~min, while the HRC overhead is 2.5~min per exposure and small-angle maneuvers require about 10205( 2) - 05/08/04 10:50 - [ 3] 1~min per pointing. We have verified with APT that this intricate sequence of observations can be accomplished within a single 56~min visibility period. \noindent {\bf STIS/FUV-MAMA Spectroscopy of LH10-3061:} We shall obtain a single, G140L exposure of this LMC target, which has $V = 13.68$ and $E_{B-V} = 0.31$. An exposure time of 37~min yields an excellent S/N of 100. This time plus guide-star and target acquisitions of 6~min each and the MAMA overhead of 8~min equal the visibility period of 57~min. Real Time Justification ----------------------- Calibration Justification ------------------------- Additional Comments ------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10205( 2) - 05/08/04 10:50 - [ 4] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 HD93129A STAR, OF, SUPERGIANT O, RA=10H43M57.46S +/- 0.1", DEC=- J2000 V = 7.3+/-0.1 WIND 59D32'51.27" +/- 0.1" B-V=0.22 E(B-V)=0.54 TYPE=O2If* Coordinate Source: HIPPARCOS/TYCHO_CATALOGUE Comments: Combined magnitude of 55 milliarcsec, delta m=0.9 binary. Component magnitudes 7.7 and 8.6. 2 TRUMPLER14 STELLAR CLUSTER, OB RA=10H43M57.46S +/- 0.1", DEC=- J2000 V = 7.3+/-0.1 ASSOCIATION, OPEN 59D32'51.27" +/- 0.1" CLUSTER Coordinate Source: HIPPARCOS/TYCHO_CATALOGUE Comments: Magnitude corresponds to HD 93129A, brightest member of the compact cluster. 3 LH10-3061 EXT-STAR, GIANT O, RA=04H56M42.5S +/- 0.1", DEC=- J2000 V = 13.68+/-0.01 WIND, OF 66D25'18.0" +/- 0.1", PLATE- B-V=-0.01 ID=06AF E(B-V)=0.31 TYPE=ON2III(f*) Coordinate Source: GSC_SURVEY_PLATE 10205( 2) - 05/08/04 10:50 - [ 5] Patterns ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pattern_Number: 1 Primary_Pattern Secondary_Pattern Pattern_Type ACS-HRC-DITHER-LINE Pattern_Purpose DITHER Number_Of_Points 2 Point_Spacing 1.9 Line_Spacing Coordinate_Frame POS-TARG Pattern_Orient 5.85 Angle_Between_Sides Center_Pattern NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pattern_Number: 2 Primary_Pattern Secondary_Pattern Pattern_Type STIS-ALONG-SLIT Pattern_Purpose DITHER Number_Of_Points 2 Point_Spacing 0.127 Line_Spacing Coordinate_Frame POS-TARG Pattern_Orient 90.0 Angle_Between_Sides Center_Pattern NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10205( 2) - 05/08/04 10:50 - [ 6] Visit: 01 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 TRUMPLER14 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F220W CR-SPLIT=NO,FLASHEXP=NONE,GAIN=2 1 0.5 S PATTERN 1 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 TRUMPLER14 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F250W CR-SPLIT=NO,FLASHEXP=NONE,GAIN=2 1 0.3 S PATTERN 1 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 TRUMPLER14 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F435W CR-SPLIT=NO,FLASHEXP=NONE,GAIN=2 1 0.1 S PATTERN 1 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 TRUMPLER14 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F550M CR-SPLIT=NO,FLASHEXP=NONE,GAIN=2 1 0.1 S PATTERN 1 4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 TRUMPLER14 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F850LP CR-SPLIT=NO,FLASHEXP=NONE,GAIN=2 1 0.2 S PATTERN 1 5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 TRUMPLER14 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F502N CR-SPLIT=NO,FLASHEXP=NONE,GAIN=2 1 1 S PATTERN 1 6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 TRUMPLER14 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F658N CR-SPLIT=NO,FLASHEXP=NONE,GAIN=2 1 1 S PATTERN 1 7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 TRUMPLER14 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F550M CR-SPLIT=NO,FLASHEXP=NONE,GAIN=2 1 317 S PATTERN 1 8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9 TRUMPLER14 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F850LP CR-SPLIT=NO,FLASHEXP=NONE,GAIN=2 1 102 S PATTERN 1 9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 TRUMPLER14 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F502N CR-SPLIT=NO,FLASHEXP=NONE,GAIN=2 1 60 S PATTERN 1 10 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11 TRUMPLER14 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F658N CR-SPLIT=NO,FLASHEXP=NONE,GAIN=2 1 60 S PATTERN 1 11 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Visit Id| Exp Id |Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit Num |Duration | |Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 01 1 1 none none none 1 tbd 01 1 2 none none none 1 tbd 01 2 1 none none none 1 tbd 01 2 2 none none none 1 tbd 01 3 1 none none none 1 tbd 01 3 2 none none none 1 tbd 01 4 1 none none none 1 tbd 01 4 2 none none none 1 tbd 01 5 1 none none none 1 tbd 01 5 2 none none none 1 tbd 01 6 1 none none none 1 tbd 01 6 2 none none none 1 tbd 01 7 1 none none none 1 tbd 10205( 2) - 05/08/04 10:50 - [ 7] Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Visit Id| Exp Id |Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit Num |Duration | |Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 01 7 2 none none none 1 tbd 01 8 1 none none none 1 tbd 01 8 2 none none none 1 tbd 01 9 1 none none none 1 tbd 01 9 2 none none none 1 tbd 01 10 1 none none none 1 tbd 01 10 2 none none none 1 tbd 01 11 1 none none none 1 tbd 01 11 2 none none none 1 tbd 10205( 2) - 05/08/04 10:50 - [ 8] Visit: 02 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: ORIENT 31.0D TO 51.0 D; ORIENT 211.0D TO 231.0 D; ON HOLD ; ON HOLD FOR 01 On Hold Comments: We shall confirm the position angle of the 55 milliarcsec binary and determine the magnitudes and colors of the components from the ACS images of Visit 1, before proceeding with the spectroscopy of this visit. Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 HD93129A STIS/CCD ACQ F25ND3 MIRROR 1 0.3 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 HD93129A STIS/FUV ACCUM 0.3X0.2 E140M 1425 1 580 S -MAMA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 HD93129A STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.2 G430M 3936 CR-SPLIT=NO,GAIN=4 1 65 S PATTERN 2 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 HD93129A STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.2 G430M 4194 CR-SPLIT=NO,GAIN=4 1 65 S PATTERN 2 4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 HD93129A STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.2 G430M 4451 CR-SPLIT=NO,GAIN=4 1 65 S PATTERN 2 5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 HD93129A STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.2 G430M 4706 CR-SPLIT=NO,GAIN=4 1 65 S PATTERN 2 6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Visit Id| Exp Id |Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit Num |Duration | |Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 02 1 none none none none 1 tbd 02 2 none none none none 1 tbd 02 3 1 none none none 1 tbd 02 3 2 none none none 1 tbd 02 4 1 none none none 1 tbd 02 4 2 none none none 1 tbd 02 5 1 none none none 1 tbd 02 5 2 none none none 1 tbd 02 6 1 none none none 1 tbd 02 6 2 none none none 1 tbd 10205( 2) - 05/08/04 10:50 - [ 9] Visit: 03 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 LH10-3061 STIS/CCD ACQ F28X50LP MIRROR 1 0.3 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 LH10-3061 STIS/FUV ACCUM 0.2X0.2 G140L 1425 1 2600 S -MAMA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Visit Id| Exp Id |Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit Num |Duration | |Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 03 1 none none none none 1 tbd 03 2 none none none none 1 tbd 10205( 2) - 05/08/04 10:50 - [ 10] Summary Form for Proposal 10205 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures HRC F25ND3 0.3X0.2 52X0.2 F28X50LP 0.2X0.2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations ACS/HRC STIS/CCD STIS/FUV-MAMA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACCUM ACQ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters CR-SPLIT=NO FLASHEXP=NONE GAIN=2 GAIN=4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal Category GO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements PATTERN 1 1 PATTERN 1 2 PATTERN 1 3 PATTERN 1 4 PATTERN 1 5 PATTERN 1 6 PATTERN 1 7 PATTERN 1 8 PATTERN 1 9 PATTERN 1 10 PATTERN 1 11 ORIENT 31.0D TO 51.0 D; ORIENT 211.0D TO 231.0 D; ON HOLD ; ON HOLD FOR 01 PATTERN 2 3 PATTERN 2 4 PATTERN 2 5 PATTERN 2 6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F220W F250W F435W F550M F850LP F502N F658N MIRROR E140M G430M G140L ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names TRUMPLER14 HD93129A LH10-3061 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Wavelengths 1425 3936 4194 4451 4706 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------