10498( 7) - 07/27/06 11:57 - [ 1] HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 10498 Version: 7 Check-in Time: 27-Jul-2006 15:57:31 STScI Edit Number: Title Detecting the progenitors of core-collapse supernovae ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Type Cycle Parallel Pointing Tolerance GO 14 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Investigators Contact? PI: Dr. Stephen J. Smartt The Queen's University of Belfast CoI: Mr. Justyn R. Maund University of Cambridge N CoI: Dr. Chris A. Tout University of Cambridge N CoI: Ms. Margaret A. Hendry University of Cambridge N CoI: Prof. Gerard F. Gilmore University of Cambridge N CoI: Prof. Peter Meikle Imperial College of Science Technology and N Medicine ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract Modern supernovae searches in the nearby Universe are discovering large numbers of SNe which have massive star progenitors (Types II, Ib and Ic). The extensive HST image archives within ~20Mpc enables their indvidual bright stellar content to be resolved. As massive, evolved stars are the most luminous single objects in a galaxy, the progenitos of core-collapse SNe should be directly detectable on pre- explosion images. Two recent highlights of our ongoing HST programme are that we have detected the first red supergiant progenitor of a normal type II supernova and shown that SN1993J came from a binary system by detecting the companion star at the position of the SN. We have detected a further two progenitor stars of normal type II-P supernovae, set mass limits on a further 7 and suggest that faint type II supernovae are unlikely to come from the collapse of very massive stars which form black holes. These discoveries are providing strong constraints on theoretical models of pre-supernova evolution and the origin of the supernova types. We request time to continue this successful project and require ACS observations of future SNe which are discovered in galaxies closer than 20Mpc which have pre-explosion HST archive images available. This will allow the SNe to be precisely positioned on the pre-explosion images. We have set a final goal for this project of determining masses and types, or setting restrictive mass-limits for 30 supernovae, before the demise of HST. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10498( 7) - 07/27/06 11:57 - [ 2] Observations Description ------------------------ We will image future nearby supernovae with ACS, using either the HRC or the WFC. Supernovae will only be observed if there is pre-explosion HST imaging in more than one filter available, and if the supernova is a core-collapse, and if it is within approximately 20Mpc. The goal of the programme is to identify the massive star progenitors of supernovae in HST archive images. To do this we need precise differential astrometry between the before and after. The images in this proposal will provide the astrometry of the supernova for comparison with pre-explosion images. This is a ToO programme, in which we cannot specify targets for the Phase II deadline, but will trigger on suitable objects as the Cycle progresses. Generally we can plan well in advance, and not disrupt the HST schedule. Real Time Justification ----------------------- Calibration Justification ------------------------- Additional Comments ------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10498( 7) - 07/27/06 11:57 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SN2006BC STAR, SUPERNOVA TYPE II RA=07H21M16.5000S +/- 1", DEC=- J2000 V = 17.5+/-0.5 68D59'57.30" +/- 1" B=19.5 I=16.5 Coordinate Source: HST_IMAGE 5 SN2005CS EXT-STAR, SUPERNOVA RA=13H29M53.3700S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = 14.0 TYPE II DEC=+47D10'28.20" +/- 0.1" Coordinate Source: Other_Source: SIMBAD 6 SN2005CZ STAR, SUPERNOVA TYPE IB RA=12H37M27.8000S +/- 1", J2000 V = 24.0+/-1.0 DEC=+74D11'25.00" +/- 1" Coordinate Source: HST_IMAGE 10498( 7) - 07/27/06 11:57 - [ 4] TARGET LIST Generic Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Selection Criteria | Flux data No | Name | Description | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 SN2006ZZ STAR, SUPERNOVA V = 18.0+/-2.0 Comments: On hold - ToO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10498( 7) - 07/27/06 11:57 - [ 5] Patterns ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pattern_Number: 1 Primary_Pattern Secondary_Pattern Pattern_Type ACS-WFC-DITHER-LINE Pattern_Purpose DITHER Number_Of_Points 2 Point_Spacing 0.145 Line_Spacing Coordinate_Frame POS-TARG Pattern_Orient 47.23 Angle_Between_Sides Center_Pattern NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10498( 7) - 07/27/06 11:57 - [ 6] Visit: 01 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: BEFORE 31-AUG-2005:00:00:00 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SN2005CS ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W CR-SPLIT=8 1 80 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SN2005CS ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W CR-SPLIT=8 1 160 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 SN2005CS ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W CR-SPLIT=4 1 1704 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SN2005CS 1 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W none none none 1 1 N/A SN2005CS 1 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W none none none 2 1 N/A SN2005CS 1 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W none none none 3 1 N/A SN2005CS 1 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W none none none 4 1 N/A SN2005CS 1 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W none none none 5 1 N/A SN2005CS 1 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W none none none 6 1 N/A SN2005CS 1 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W none none none 7 1 N/A SN2005CS 1 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W none none none 8 1 N/A SN2005CS 2 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W none none none 1 1 N/A SN2005CS 2 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W none none none 2 1 N/A SN2005CS 2 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W none none none 3 1 N/A SN2005CS 2 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W none none none 4 1 N/A SN2005CS 2 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W none none none 5 1 N/A SN2005CS 2 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W none none none 6 1 N/A SN2005CS 2 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W none none none 7 1 N/A SN2005CS 2 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W none none none 8 1 N/A SN2005CS 3 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W none none none 1 1 N/A SN2005CS 3 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W none none none 2 1 N/A SN2005CS 3 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W none none none 3 1 N/A SN2005CS 3 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W none none none 4 1 N/A 10498( 7) - 07/27/06 11:57 - [ 7] Visit: 02 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: BETWEEN 30-JUL-2006:00:00:00 AND 21-DEC-2006:00:00:00 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: ToO Trigger Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SN2006BC ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F435W 1 700 S PATTERN 1 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SN2006BC ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F814W 1 800 S PATTERN 1 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 SN2006BC ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F555W 1 750 S PATTERN 1 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SN2006BC 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F435W 1 none none 1 1 N/A SN2006BC 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F435W 1 none none 2 1 N/A SN2006BC 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F435W 2 none none 1 1 N/A SN2006BC 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F435W 2 none none 2 1 N/A SN2006BC 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F814W 1 none none 1 1 N/A SN2006BC 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F814W 1 none none 2 1 N/A SN2006BC 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F814W 2 none none 1 2 N/A SN2006BC 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F814W 2 none none 2 2 N/A SN2006BC 3 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F555W 1 none none 1 2 N/A SN2006BC 3 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F555W 1 none none 2 2 N/A SN2006BC 3 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F555W 2 none none 1 2 N/A SN2006BC 3 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F555W 2 none none 2 2 N/A 10498( 7) - 07/27/06 11:57 - [ 8] Visit: 03 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: BEFORE 21-DEC-2006:00:00:00 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: ToO trigger Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SN2005CZ ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F435W 1 750 S PATTERN 1 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SN2005CZ ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F555W 1 750 S PATTERN 1 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 SN2005CZ ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F814W 1 800 S PATTERN 1 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SN2005CZ 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F435W 1 none none 1 1 N/A SN2005CZ 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F435W 1 none none 2 1 N/A SN2005CZ 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F435W 2 none none 1 1 N/A SN2005CZ 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F435W 2 none none 2 1 N/A SN2005CZ 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F555W 1 none none 1 1 N/A SN2005CZ 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F555W 1 none none 2 1 N/A SN2005CZ 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F555W 2 none none 1 2 N/A SN2005CZ 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F555W 2 none none 2 2 N/A SN2005CZ 3 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F814W 1 none none 1 2 N/A SN2005CZ 3 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F814W 1 none none 2 2 N/A SN2005CZ 3 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F814W 2 none none 1 2 N/A SN2005CZ 3 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F814W 2 none none 2 2 N/A 10498( 7) - 07/27/06 11:57 - [ 9] Visit: 04 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: ON HOLD On Hold Comments: ToO on hold Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SN2006ZZ ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W 1 900 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SN2006ZZ 1 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W none none none 1 1 N/A SN2006ZZ 1 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W none none none 2 1 N/A 10498( 7) - 07/27/06 11:57 - [ 10] Summary Form for Proposal 10498 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures HRC WFC1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations ACS/HRC ACS/WFC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACCUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters CR-SPLIT=8 CR-SPLIT=4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements BEFORE 31-AUG-2005 00 00 00; BETWEEN 30-JUL-2006 00 00 00 AND 21-DEC-2006 00 00 00; PATTERN 1 1; PATTERN 1 2; PATTERN 1 3; BEFORE 21-DEC-2006 00 00 00; ON HOLD; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F555W F435W F814W ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names SN2005CS SN2006BC SN2005CZ SN2006ZZ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------