10522( 5) - 01/10/06 10:23 - [ 1] HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 10522 Version: 5 Check-in Time: 10-Jan-2006 15:22:22 Title Calibrating Star Formation: The Link between Feedback and Galaxy Evolution ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Type Cycle Parallel Pointing Tolerance GO 14 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Investigators Contact? PI: Dr. Daniela Calzetti Space Telescope Science Institute CoI: Prof. John S. Gallagher III University of Wisconsin - Madison N CoI: Dr. Jason Harris University of Arizona N CoI: Dr. Robert C. Kennicutt Jr. University of Arizona N CoI: Dr. Crystal Martin University of California - Santa Barbara N CoI: Dr. Anne Pellerin Space Telescope Science Institute N CoI: Dr. Denise A. Smith Space Telescope Science Institute N CoI: Dr. David Strickland The Johns Hopkins University N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract Stellar feedback - the return of mass and energy from star formation to the interstellar medium - is one of the primary engines of galaxy evolution. Yet, the theoretical foundation of mechanical feedback is, to date, unconstrained by observations. We propose to investigate this fundamental aspect of star formation on a sample of two local actively star-forming galaxies, NGC4449, and Holmberg II. The two galaxies have been selected to occupy an unexplored, yet crucial for quantifying mechanical feedback, niche in the two-parameter space of star formation intensity and galaxy mass. ACS/WFC and WFPC2 narrow-band observations in the light of H-beta, [OIII], H-alpha, and [NII] will be obtained for both galaxies, in order to: (1) discriminate the feedback-induced shock fronts from the photoionization regions; (2) map the shocks inside and around the starburst regions; and (3) measure the energy budget of the star-formation-produced shocks. These observations, complemented by existing data, will yield: (1) the efficiency of the feedback, i.e. the fraction of the star formation's mechanical energy that is transported out of the starburst volume rather than confined or radiated away; (2) the dependence of this efficiency on the two fundamental parameters of star formation intensity and stellar mass. The high angular resolution of HST is crucial for separating the spatially narrow shock fronts (~5 pc, ~0.25" at 4 Mpc) from the more extended photoionization fronts. The legacy from this project will be the most complete quantitative measurement of the energetics associated with feedback processes. We will secure the first milestone for placing feedback mechanisms on a solid physical ground, and for understanding quantitatively their role on the energetics, structure, and star formation history of galaxies at all redshifts. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10522( 5) - 01/10/06 10:23 - [ 2] Observations Description ------------------------ The two galaxies, NGC4449 and HombergII, will be observed with ACS (filters: F502N, F658N, F660N, F550M, and F814W) and WFPC2 (F487N). No images in F658N will be obtained for NGC4449, as these images will be coming from another GO program. For NGC4449: 2 orbits are devoted to the ACS observations, and 1 orbit to the WFPC2 observations. Each F502N and F660N will be obtained with 3 exposures stepped by about 30 pixels in the Y direction, and about 5 pixels in the X direction, to remove cosmic rays, hot pixels, and to cover the gap between the ACS CCDs (using one of the available ACS PATTERNs). The end result will be a field mostly covered with 3 exposures; the equivalent of 1 gap covered with one exposure, and another 1-gap-equivalent with only 1 exposure. For the F550M and F814W images, only 2 exposures could be fit into the orbits, implying a 2-gap-equivalent with one exposure; for these exposures, the stepping is done with POS TARG. The ORIENT constraints imposed on the ACS images prevent the gap from landing onto regions of interest for this project. Three exposures (1 orbit) are used for WFPC2/F487N. The ORIENT constraints ensure the interesting regions to land within the WFPC2 chips. For HolmbergII: 3 orbits are devoted to ACS observations, and 2 orbits to the WFPC2 observations. The approach adopted for this galaxy (including the ORIENT constraints) is similar to that of NGC4449. The main difference is that for HolmbergII the F550M and F814W observations are obtained with three exposures instead of 2, ensuring a better coverage of the gap between the CCDs. POS TARGs are used for these exposures. Real Time Justification ----------------------- Calibration Justification ------------------------- Additional Comments ------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10522( 5) - 01/10/06 10:23 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 NGC4449-ACS GALAXY, INTERACTING RA=12H28M12.1516S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = V = 9.99 GALAXY, STARBURST, DEC=+44D05'45.40" +/- 0.1", 207.0 MAGELLANIC IRREGULAR PLATE-ID=00XX Coordinate Source: GSC_SURVEY_PLATE Comments: Position adjusted to fit galaxy within ACS/WFPC2 FOVs. Interest is in low-surface brightness narrow-line emitting regions surrounding the main visible body of the galaxy. 2 HOLMBERGII- GALAXY, MAGELLANIC RA=08H19M14.0238S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = V = 11.1 ACS IRREGULAR, STARBURST DEC=+70D42'41.42" +/- 0.1", 142.0 PLATE-ID=01L1 Coordinate Source: GSC_SURVEY_PLATE Comments: Position adjusted to fit within the ACS/WFPC2 FOVs. 3 NGC4449- GALAXY, INTERACTING RA=12H28M13.2000S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = V = 9.99 WFPC2 GALAXY, STARBURST, DEC=+44D06'15.00" +/- 0.1", 207.0 MAGELLANIC IRREGULAR PLATE-ID=00XX Coordinate Source: GSC_SURVEY_PLATE Comments: Position adjusted to fit galaxy within ACS/WFPC2 FOVs. 4 HOLMBERGII- GALAXY, MAGELLANIC RA=08H19M20.9300S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = V = 11.1 WFPC2 IRREGULAR, STARBURST DEC=+70D42'41.30" +/- 0.1", 142.0 PLATE-ID=01L1 Coordinate Source: GSC_SURVEY_PLATE Comments: Position adjusted to fit within the ACS/WFPC2 FOVs. 5 NGC4449- GALAXY, INTERACTING RA=12H28M11.1400S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = V = 9.99 WFPC2-2 GALAXY, STARBURST, DEC=+44D05'31.50" +/- 0.1", 207.0 MAGELLANIC IRREGULAR PLATE-ID=00XX Coordinate Source: GSC_SURVEY_PLATE Comments: Position adjusted to fit galaxy within ACS/WFPC2 FOVs. 10522( 5) - 01/10/06 10:23 - [ 4] Patterns ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pattern_Number: 1 Primary_Pattern Secondary_Pattern Pattern_Type ACS-WFC-DITHER-LINE Pattern_Purpose DITHER Number_Of_Points 3 Point_Spacing 3.011 Line_Spacing Coordinate_Frame POS-TARG Pattern_Orient 85.28 Angle_Between_Sides Center_Pattern NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10522( 5) - 01/10/06 10:23 - [ 5] Visit: 01 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: ORIENT 310.0D TO 325.0 D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 NGC4449-ACS ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F550M CR-SPLIT=NO 1 400 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 NGC4449-ACS ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F550M CR-SPLIT=NO 1 400 S POS TARG -0.25, 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 NGC4449-ACS ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F502N CR-SPLIT=NO 1 428 S POS TARG -0.24,-3; PATTERN 1 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 NGC4449-ACS ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F550M CR-SPLIT=NO 1 400 S POS TARG 0.25,-3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 NGC4449-ACS ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F660N CR-SPLIT=NO 1 620 S POS TARG -0.24,-3; PATTERN 1 5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ NGC4449-ACS 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F550M none none none none 1 N/A NGC4449-ACS 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F550M none none none none 1 N/A NGC4449-ACS 3 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F502N 1 none none none 1 N/A NGC4449-ACS 3 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F502N 2 none none none 1 N/A NGC4449-ACS 3 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F502N 3 none none none 1 N/A NGC4449-ACS 4 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F550M none none none none 2 N/A NGC4449-ACS 5 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F660N 1 none none none 2 N/A NGC4449-ACS 5 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F660N 2 none none none 2 N/A NGC4449-ACS 5 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F660N 3 none none none 2 N/A 10522( 5) - 01/10/06 10:23 - [ 6] Visit: 02 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: ORIENT 120.0D TO 170.0 D; ORIENT 260.0D TO 280.0 D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 NGC4449-WFP WFPC2 IMAGE WFALL-FIX F487N CR-SPLIT=NO 1 700 S C2 see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 NGC4449-WFP WFPC2 IMAGE WFALL-FIX F487N CR-SPLIT=NO 1 700 S POS TARG 0.5, 0.5 C2 see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 NGC4449-WFP WFPC2 IMAGE WFALL-FIX F487N CR-SPLIT=NO 1 700 S POS TARG 0.5,-0.5 C2 see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ NGC4449-WFPC2 1 WFPC2 IMAGE WFALL-FI F487N none none none none 1 700.0 S X NGC4449-WFPC2 2 WFPC2 IMAGE WFALL-FI F487N none none none none 1 700.0 S X NGC4449-WFPC2 3 WFPC2 IMAGE WFALL-FI F487N none none none none 1 700.0 S X 10522( 5) - 01/10/06 10:23 - [ 7] Visit: 03 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: ORIENT 150.0D TO 160.0 D; ORIENT 330.0D TO 340.0 D; ORIENT 210.0D TO 230.0 D; ORIENT 35.0D TO 50.0 D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 HOLMBERGII- ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F814W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 200 S POS TARG 0.25,-3 ACS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 HOLMBERGII- ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F550M CR-SPLIT=NO 1 502 S SAME POS AS 1 ACS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 HOLMBERGII- ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F502N CR-SPLIT=NO 1 550 S POS TARG -0.24,-3; ACS PATTERN 1 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 HOLMBERGII- ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F814W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 200 S POS TARG -0.25, 3 ACS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 HOLMBERGII- ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F550M CR-SPLIT=NO 1 516 S SAME POS AS 4 ACS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 HOLMBERGII- ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F658N CR-SPLIT=NO 1 560 S POS TARG -0.24,-3; ACS PATTERN 1 6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 HOLMBERGII- ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F814W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 200 S ACS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 HOLMBERGII- ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F550M CR-SPLIT=NO 1 487 S ACS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9 HOLMBERGII- ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F660N CR-SPLIT=NO 1 562 S POS TARG -0.24,-3; ACS PATTERN 1 9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ HOLMBERGII-ACS 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F814W none none none none 1 N/A HOLMBERGII-ACS 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F550M none none none none 1 N/A HOLMBERGII-ACS 3 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F502N 1 none none none 1 N/A HOLMBERGII-ACS 3 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F502N 2 none none none 1 N/A HOLMBERGII-ACS 3 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F502N 3 none none none 1 N/A HOLMBERGII-ACS 4 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F814W none none none none 2 N/A HOLMBERGII-ACS 5 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F550M none none none none 2 N/A 10522( 5) - 01/10/06 10:23 - [ 8] Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ HOLMBERGII-ACS 6 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F658N 1 none none none 2 N/A HOLMBERGII-ACS 6 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F658N 2 none none none 2 N/A HOLMBERGII-ACS 6 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F658N 3 none none none 2 N/A HOLMBERGII-ACS 7 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F814W none none none none 3 N/A HOLMBERGII-ACS 8 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F550M none none none none 3 N/A HOLMBERGII-ACS 9 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F660N 1 none none none 3 N/A HOLMBERGII-ACS 9 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F660N 2 none none none 3 N/A HOLMBERGII-ACS 9 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F660N 3 none none none 3 N/A 10522( 5) - 01/10/06 10:23 - [ 9] Visit: 04 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: ORIENT 10.0D TO 25.0 D; ORIENT 45.0D TO 55.0 D; ORIENT 210.0D TO 260.0 D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 HOLMBERGII- WFPC2 IMAGE WFALL-FIX F487N CR-SPLIT=NO 1 1400 S POS TARG 0.2, 0.3 WFPC2 see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 HOLMBERGII- WFPC2 IMAGE WFALL-FIX F487N CR-SPLIT=NO 1 1300 S POS TARG 0.3,-0.2 WFPC2 see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 HOLMBERGII- WFPC2 IMAGE WFALL-FIX F487N CR-SPLIT=NO 1 1400 S POS TARG -0.2,-0.3 WFPC2 see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 HOLMBERGII- WFPC2 IMAGE WFALL-FIX F487N CR-SPLIT=NO 1 1300 S POS TARG -0.3, 0.2 WFPC2 see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ HOLMBERGII-WFPC2 1 WFPC2 IMAGE WFALL-FI F487N none none none none 1 1400.0 S X HOLMBERGII-WFPC2 2 WFPC2 IMAGE WFALL-FI F487N none none none none 1 1300.0 S X HOLMBERGII-WFPC2 3 WFPC2 IMAGE WFALL-FI F487N none none none none 2 1400.0 S X HOLMBERGII-WFPC2 4 WFPC2 IMAGE WFALL-FI F487N none none none none 2 1300.0 S X 10522( 5) - 01/10/06 10:23 - [ 10] Visit: 52 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: ORIENT 120.0D TO 170.0 D; ORIENT 260.0D TO 280.0 D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 NGC4449-WFP WFPC2 IMAGE WF3-FIX F487N CR-SPLIT=NO 1 700 S C2-2 see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 NGC4449-WFP WFPC2 IMAGE WF3-FIX F487N CR-SPLIT=NO 1 700 S POS TARG 0.5, 0.5 C2-2 see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 NGC4449-WFP WFPC2 IMAGE WF3-FIX F487N CR-SPLIT=NO 1 700 S POS TARG 0.5,-0.5 C2-2 see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ NGC4449-WFPC2-2 1 WFPC2 IMAGE WF3-FIX F487N none none none none 1 700.0 S NGC4449-WFPC2-2 2 WFPC2 IMAGE WF3-FIX F487N none none none none 1 700.0 S NGC4449-WFPC2-2 3 WFPC2 IMAGE WF3-FIX F487N none none none none 1 700.0 S 10522( 5) - 01/10/06 10:23 - [ 11] Summary Form for Proposal 10522 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures WFCENTER WFALL-FIX WF3-FIX ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations ACS/WFC WFPC2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACCUM IMAGE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters CR-SPLIT=NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements ORIENT 310.0D TO 325.0 D; POS TARG -0.25, 3; POS TARG -0.24,-3; PATTERN 1 3; POS TARG 0.25,-3; PATTERN 1 5; ORIENT 120.0D TO 170.0 D; ORIENT 260.0D TO 280.0 D; POS TARG 0.5, 0.5; POS TARG 0.5,-0.5; ORIENT 150.0D TO 160.0 D; ORIENT 330.0D TO 340.0 D; ORIENT 210.0D TO 230.0 D; ORIENT 35.0D TO 50.0 D; SAME POS AS 1; SAME POS AS 4; PATTERN 1 6; PATTERN 1 9; ORIENT 10.0D TO 25.0 D; ORIENT 45.0D TO 55.0 D; ORIENT 210.0D TO 260.0 D; POS TARG 0.2, 0.3; POS TARG 0.3,-0.2; POS TARG -0.2,-0.3; POS TARG -0.3, 0.2; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F550M F502N F660N F487N F814W F658N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names NGC4449-ACS NGC4449-WFPC2 HOLMBERGII-ACS HOLMBERGII-WFPC2 NGC4449-WFPC2-2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------