10851( 3) - 07/10/06 13:58 - [ 1] HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 10851 Version: 3 Check-in Time: 10-Jul-2006 17:57:36 STScI Edit Number: Title Solving the Riddle of the Red Rectangle: Proper Motion Study of a Bipolar Nebula around a Binary ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Type Cycle Parallel Pointing Tolerance GO 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Investigators Contact? PI: Dr. Raghvendra Sahai Jet Propulsion Laboratory CoI: Dr. Hans van Winckel Katholieke Universiteit Leuven N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract We propose to use ACS to obtain second-epoch, high spatial-resolution images of the nearest Pre-Planetary nebula, the Red Rectangle (RR). The RR is a Rosetta Stone for testing our understanding of binarity in the evolution of AGB stars to bipolar planetary nebulae, because it is a known binary with well determined orbital and circumbinary disk characteristics, and because of its proximity (330-700 pc). Recent analysis of archival STIS data shows evidence for outflow motion of about 100 km/s. Thus, 2nd epoch observations, in combination with those of 8 years ago, will yield a direct detection of proper motion of sharp nebular structures and the overall expansion rate of this nebula. The observations will therefore detect and characterise for the first time, the outflow motions of a (possibly) disk-collimated outflow from an evolved binary shaping a bipolar nebula. Deep narrow-band imaging of the RR using the HRC and WFC with the F658N filter will be used to trace H-alpha emission in the central and distant parts of RR, as a probe of the shocked gas. We will run numerical simulations of two currently competing models for shaping the RR, using the FLASH MHD code. This code has been implemented on the JPL supercomputer to study interacting wind processes in the formation of pre-planetary and planetary nebulae. The model predictions of the proper motion vectors will be compared to the observed values, and we will investigate whether tuning of the model parameters is adequate to find fits to the data, or these models have to be abandoned in favor of new ones. This study will help to improve our currently very limited understanding of the role of binarity in the tranformation of AGB stars to planetary nebulae. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10851( 3) - 07/10/06 13:58 - [ 2] Observations Description ------------------------ We will obtain images in the ACS/WFC camera using the F625W filter, and with comparable exposure times, in order to provide close matches to the images obtained with the WFPC2 PC camera. Since the nebula is very bright, we will use a total exposure time of 600 sec, including short exposures to obtain unsaturated images of the bright central parts (for comparison, the WFPC2 images were obtained with one 0.7 sec and three 40 sec exposures). The images through the H$\alpha$+[NII] filter, F658N, will be much longer (about 50 min) - the ground-based H$\alpha$ data reported in CVBG04 was obtained using the 3.5m NTT with a 1200 sec exposure. Hence, we will use 2 orbits to obtain the WFC images in the F625W and F658N filters, with the bulk of the time being devoted to the F658N image. We will allocate 2 orbits to obtain high-quality HRC images in these two filters, with a similar division of the exposure time between the broad-band and narrow-band filter. All images will be dithered and cosmic-ray split. We have verified that the requested exposure times will produce high signal-to-noise images, using the Exposure Time Calculators, and the observed intensities from our WFPC2 and ground-based images (for H$\alpha$). Comparison of the WFPC2 and the WFC images to derive proper motions will not be difficult. First, the overall expansion motions from the center can be derived by simply measuring the separation of identical structures on opposite sides of the center of the nebula for each epoch. Secondly, the plethora of well-defined sharp structures in the nebula make it easy to identify well-defined, localised comparison points in the two images for registration and alignment. Expansion motions of PNs from HST images have been succesfully determined using well- tested techniques by several PN researchers (e.g., Hajian, Terzian, Balick), so we do not anticipate any difficult in doing this for the RR. Real Time Justification ----------------------- Calibration Justification ------------------------- Additional Comments ------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10851( 3) - 07/10/06 13:58 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 HD44179 ISM, PLANETARY NEBULA, RA=06H19M58.2220S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = 9.3 REFLECTION NEBULA DEC=-10D38'14.51" +/- 0.1" Reference Frame: ICRS 10851( 3) - 07/10/06 13:58 - [ 4] Patterns ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pattern_Number: 1 Primary_Pattern Secondary_Pattern Pattern_Type ACS-HRC-DITHER-BOX Pattern_Purpose DITHER Number_Of_Points 4 Point_Spacing 0.15 Line_Spacing 0.098 Coordinate_Frame POS-TARG Pattern_Orient 19.89 Angle_Between_Sides 63.5 Center_Pattern YES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pattern_Number: 2 Primary_Pattern Secondary_Pattern Pattern_Type ACS-HRC-DITHER-LINE Pattern_Purpose DITHER Number_Of_Points 2 Point_Spacing 0.198 Line_Spacing Coordinate_Frame POS-TARG Pattern_Orient 44.28 Angle_Between_Sides Center_Pattern YES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pattern_Number: 3 Primary_Pattern Secondary_Pattern Pattern_Type ACS-WFC-DITHER-LINE Pattern_Purpose DITHER Number_Of_Points 2 Point_Spacing 3.011 Line_Spacing Coordinate_Frame POS-TARG Pattern_Orient 85.28 Angle_Between_Sides Center_Pattern NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10851( 3) - 07/10/06 13:58 - [ 5] Visit: 01 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: PCS MODE FINE; ORIENT 90.0D TO 120.0 D; ORIENT 270.0D TO 300.0 D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 HD44179 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F625W 1 6 S PATTERN 1 1-4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 HD44179 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F625W 1 60 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 HD44179 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F658N 1 82 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 HD44179 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F658N 1 600 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 HD44179 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F658N 1 154 S PATTERN 2 5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ HD44179 1 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F625W 1 none none 1 1 N/A HD44179 1 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F625W 1 none none 2 1 N/A HD44179 1 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F625W 2 none none 1 1 N/A HD44179 1 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F625W 2 none none 2 1 N/A HD44179 1 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F625W 3 none none 1 1 N/A HD44179 1 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F625W 3 none none 2 1 N/A HD44179 1 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F625W 4 none none 1 2 N/A HD44179 1 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F625W 4 none none 2 2 N/A HD44179 2 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F625W 1 none none 1 1 N/A HD44179 2 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F625W 1 none none 2 1 N/A HD44179 2 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F625W 2 none none 1 1 N/A HD44179 2 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F625W 2 none none 2 1 N/A HD44179 2 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F625W 3 none none 1 1 N/A HD44179 2 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F625W 3 none none 2 2 N/A HD44179 2 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F625W 4 none none 1 2 N/A HD44179 2 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F625W 4 none none 2 2 N/A HD44179 3 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F658N 1 none none 1 1 N/A HD44179 3 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F658N 1 none none 2 1 N/A HD44179 3 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F658N 2 none none 1 1 N/A HD44179 3 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F658N 2 none none 2 1 N/A HD44179 3 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F658N 3 none none 1 2 N/A HD44179 3 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F658N 3 none none 2 2 N/A HD44179 3 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F658N 4 none none 1 2 N/A HD44179 3 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F658N 4 none none 2 2 N/A HD44179 4 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F658N 1 none none 1 1 N/A 10851( 3) - 07/10/06 13:58 - [ 6] Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ HD44179 4 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F658N 1 none none 2 1 N/A HD44179 4 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F658N 2 none none 1 1 N/A HD44179 4 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F658N 2 none none 2 1 N/A HD44179 4 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F658N 3 none none 1 2 N/A HD44179 4 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F658N 3 none none 2 2 N/A HD44179 4 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F658N 4 none none 1 2 N/A HD44179 4 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F658N 4 none none 2 2 N/A HD44179 5 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F658N 1 none none 1 2 N/A HD44179 5 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F658N 1 none none 2 2 N/A HD44179 5 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F658N 2 none none 1 2 N/A HD44179 5 ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F658N 2 none none 2 2 N/A 10851( 3) - 07/10/06 13:58 - [ 7] Visit: 02 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: PCS MODE FINE; ORIENT 90.0D TO 120.0 D; ORIENT 270.0D TO 300.0 D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 HD44179 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1-2K F658N 1 6 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 HD44179 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1-2K F658N 1 104 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 HD44179 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1-2K F625W 1 10 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 HD44179 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F625W 1 678 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 HD44179 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1-2K F625W 1 1 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 HD44179 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F658N 1 870 S PATTERN 3 6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ HD44179 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1-2K F658N none none none 1 1 N/A HD44179 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1-2K F658N none none none 2 1 N/A HD44179 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1-2K F658N none none none 1 1 N/A HD44179 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1-2K F658N none none none 2 1 N/A HD44179 3 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1-2K F625W none none none 1 1 N/A HD44179 3 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1-2K F625W none none none 2 1 N/A HD44179 4 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F625W none none none 1 1 N/A HD44179 4 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F625W none none none 2 1 N/A HD44179 5 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1-2K F625W none none none 1 2 N/A HD44179 5 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1-2K F625W none none none 2 2 N/A HD44179 6 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F658N 1 none none 1 2 N/A HD44179 6 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F658N 1 none none 2 2 N/A HD44179 6 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F658N 2 none none 1 2 N/A HD44179 6 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F658N 2 none none 2 2 N/A 10851( 3) - 07/10/06 13:58 - [ 8] Summary Form for Proposal 10851 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures HRC WFC1-2K WFC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations ACS/HRC ACS/WFC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACCUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements PCS MODE FINE; ORIENT 90.0D TO 120.0 D; ORIENT 270.0D TO 300.0 D; PATTERN 1 1-4; PATTERN 2 5; PATTERN 3 6; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F625W F658N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names HD44179 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------