11575( 9) - 01-Oct-2010 12:28:32 - [ 1] HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 11575 Version: 9 Check-in Time: 01-Oct-2010 12:28:32 STScI Edit Number: 4 Title The Stellar Origins of Supernovae ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Type Cycle GO 17 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Investigators Contact? PI: Dr. Schuyler D. Van Dyk Jet Propulsion Laboratory CoI: Dr. Nancy Elias-Rosa California Institute of Technology N CoI: Dr. Weidong Li University of California - Berkeley N CoI: Dr. Alex V. Filippenko University of California - Berkeley N CoI: Dr. Nathan Smith University of California - Berkeley N CoI: Mr. Ryan Foley University of California - Berkeley; CfA N (2008 Fall) CoI: Mr. Jean-Charles Cuillandre Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Corporation N CoI: Dr. Saurabh Jha Rutgers the State University of New Jersey N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract Supernovae (SNe) have a profound effect on galaxies, and have been used recently as precise cosmological probes, resulting in the discovery of the accelerating Universe. They are clearly very important events deserving of intense study. Yet, even with nearly 4000 known SNe, we know relatively little about the stars which give rise to these powerful explosions. The main limitation has been the lack of spatial resolution in pre-SN imaging data. However, since 1999 our team has been at the vanguard of directly identifying SN progenitor stars in HST images. From this exciting new line of study, the emerging trend from 5 detections for Type II-Plateau SNe is that their progenitors appear to be relatively low mass (8 to 20 Msun) red supergiants, although more cases are needed. Nonetheless, the nature of the progenitors of Type Ib/c SNe, a subset of which are associated with the amazing gamma-ray bursts, remains ambiguous. Furthermore, we remain in the continually embarrassing situation that we still do not yet know which progenitor systems explode as Type Ia SNe, which are currently being used for precision cosmology. In Cycle 16 we have triggered on the Type Ic SN 2007gr and Type IIb SN 2008ax so far. We propose to determine the identities of the progenitors of 4 SNe within 17 Mpc, which we expect to occur during Cycle 17, through ToO observations using ACS/HRC. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Observations Description ------------------------ We plan for four ToO triggers during Cycle 17. If we detect one or more candidate stellar objects within a 1-sigma positional uncertainty in ACS or WFPC2 pre-supernova archival image(s), we will request a trigger to confirm the progenitor candidate. Our original plan was to image with ACS/HRC, however, with its unavailability, we are using ACS/WFC, instead, to provide the highest possible spatial resolution. Our strategy, generally, is to acquire a series of short-exposure (20-s) dithered images in one band, V (F555W), for the 3 core-collapse visits (which will likely best match with the available archival image data), and in B (F435W) for a putative, nearby (< ~ 6 Mpc) SN Ia 11575( 9) - 01-Oct-2010 12:28:32 - [ 2] visit, since these SNe will likely be too bright in redder bands, but fade more rapidly in the blue. We will likely request triggers when the SN is still fairly bright, depending on its age at discovery, but limit this, generally, to m> ~13 mag. The ToOs are not intended to be high-impact, and the SNe can be imaged weeks after explosion, so there should be no disruption of normal scheduling. Real Time Justification ----------------------- Calibration Justification ------------------------- Additional Comments ------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11575( 9) - 01-Oct-2010 12:28:32 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SN2009HD STAR, SUPERNOVA TYPE II RA=11H20M16.9600S +/- 0.2", J2000 V = 20.9 +/- 2.0 DEC=+12D58'46.60" +/- 0.2" Reference Frame: ICRS Comments: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SN2009H STAR, SUPERNOVA TYPE II RA=02H45M58.3600S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = 26.5 +/- 1.0 DEC=-07D35'6.00" +/- 0.1" Reference Frame: ICRS Comments: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 SN2009JF STAR, SUPERNOVA TYPE IB RA=23H04M55.6100S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = 22.4 +/- 1.0 DEC=+12D19'47.00" +/- 0.1" Reference Frame: ICRS Comments: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 SN2010BT STAR, SUPERNOVA TYPE II RA=21H48M17.9000S +/- 0.2", J2000 V = 17.5 +/- 1.0 DEC=-34D57'30.00" +/- 0.2" Reference Frame: ICRS Comments: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11575( 9) - 01-Oct-2010 12:28:32 - [ 4] Patterns ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pattern_Number: 1 Primary_Pattern Secondary_Pattern Pattern_Type ACS-WFC-DITHER-LINE Pattern_Purpose DITHER Number_Of_Points 2 Point_Spacing 3.011 Line_Spacing Coordinate_Frame POS-TARG Pattern_Orient 85.28 Angle_Between_Sides Center_Pattern NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pattern_Number: 2 Primary_Pattern Secondary_Pattern Pattern_Type ACS-WFC-DITHER-BOX Pattern_Purpose DITHER Number_Of_Points 4 Point_Spacing 0.265 Line_Spacing 0.187 Coordinate_Frame POS-TARG Pattern_Orient 20.67 Angle_Between_Sides 69.05 Center_Pattern NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11575( 9) - 01-Oct-2010 12:28:32 - [ 5] Visit: 01 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SN2009HD ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F555W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 260 S GS ACQ SCENARIO BASE1B3; PATTERN 1 1-2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SN2009HD ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 260 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SN2009HD 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F555W 1 none none none 1 N/A SN2009HD 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F555W 2 none none none 1 N/A SN2009HD 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 1 none none none 1 N/A SN2009HD 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 2 none none none 1 N/A 11575( 9) - 01-Oct-2010 12:28:32 - [ 6] Visit: 02 Visit Requirements: SCHED 100%; BEFORE 01-DEC-2010:00:00:00 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SN2009H ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 1 250 S PATTERN 2 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SN2009H 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 1 none none none 1 N/A SN2009H 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 2 none none none 1 N/A SN2009H 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 3 none none none 1 N/A SN2009H 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 4 none none none 1 N/A 11575( 9) - 01-Oct-2010 12:28:32 - [ 7] Visit: 03 Visit Requirements: BEFORE 01-DEC-2010:00:00:00 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SN2009JF ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F555W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 260 S GS ACQ SCENARIO BASE1B3; PATTERN 1 1-2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SN2009JF ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 260 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SN2009JF 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F555W 1 none none none 1 N/A SN2009JF 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F555W 2 none none none 1 N/A SN2009JF 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 1 none none none 1 N/A SN2009JF 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 2 none none none 1 N/A 11575( 9) - 01-Oct-2010 12:28:32 - [ 8] Visit: 04 Visit Requirements: BEFORE 01-DEC-2010:00:00:00 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SN2010BT ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F606W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 20 S GS ACQ SCENARIO BASE1B3; PATTERN 1 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SN2010BT ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F606W 1 20 S PATTERN 2 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SN2010BT 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F606W 1 none none none 1 N/A SN2010BT 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F606W 2 none none none 1 N/A SN2010BT 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F606W 1 none none none 1 N/A SN2010BT 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F606W 2 none none none 1 N/A SN2010BT 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F606W 3 none none none 1 N/A SN2010BT 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F606W 4 none none none 1 N/A 11575( 9) - 01-Oct-2010 12:28:32 - [ 9] Visit: 53 Visit Requirements: BEFORE 01-DEC-2010:00:00:00 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: HOPR repeat of visit 3. Visit 3 lost due to ACS suspend. Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SN2009JF ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F555W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 260 S GS ACQ SCENARIO BASE1B3; PATTERN 1 1-2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SN2009JF ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 260 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SN2009JF 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F555W 1 none none none 1 N/A SN2009JF 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F555W 2 none none none 1 N/A SN2009JF 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 1 none none none 1 N/A SN2009JF 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 2 none none none 1 N/A 11575( 9) - 01-Oct-2010 12:28:32 - [ 10] Summary Form for Proposal 11575 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures WFC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations ACS/WFC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACCUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters CR-SPLIT=NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements BEFORE 01-DEC-2010:00:00:00, GS ACQ SCENARIO BASE1B3, PATTERN 1 1, PATTERN 1 1-2, PATTERN 2 1, PATTERN 2 2, SCHED 100% ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F555W, F606W, F814W ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names SN2009H, SN2009HD, SN2009JF, SN2010BT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------