12173( 3) - 11-Apr-2011 18:10:39 - [ 1] HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 12173 Version: 3 Check-in Time: 11-Apr-2011 18:10:39 STScI Edit Number: 0 Title Feedback between Stars, ISM and IGM in IR-Luminous Galaxies ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Type Cycle GO 18 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Investigators Contact? PI: Dr. Claus Leitherer Space Telescope Science Institute CoI: Dr. Rupali Chandar University of Toledo N CoI: Dr. Christy A. Tremonti University of Wisconsin - Madison N CoI: Dr. Aida H. Wofford Space Telescope Science Institute N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract We propose COS G130M mode spectroscopy between 1150 and 1450 Angstroms of four ultraviolet-bright, infrared-luminous starburst galaxies. Our selected sightlines towards the starburst nuclei probe the physical conditions in the starburst-driven galactic superwinds. The spectral resolution of about 20 km/s is an order of magnitude improvement over existing HST data and allows a study of the complex gas conditions. Previous observations at lower resolution found strong, blueshifted interstellar absorption lines whose strength and velocity indicate signficant mass outflow. High-resolution data are required to verify or reject suggestions of velocity dispersion and/or covering factor variations being the prime mechanism responsible for the line properties. The proposed observations will constrain the energetics of the cool and warm gas and help determine if the outflow material can escape from the galaxies. Several weak lines will be measured at sufficiently high S/N to derive the column densities and abundances in the dominant ions entrained within the outflow. In combination with the kinematic properties we will estimate the mechanical energy and mass outflow rate and perform a comparison with the star-formation rate. We will investigate whether the outflows quench star formation and ultimately regulate the starburst as has been suggested for high-redshift galaxies. The chosen sightlines will allow us to generalize our results to the overall properties of galaxy outflows, to search for implications for similar galaxies at cosmological distances, and to add to our understanding of QSO absorption lines. Outflows may be the long-sought mechanism for distributing the products of stellar nucleosynthesis over large volumes in the universe. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Observations Description ------------------------ We will use COS and the G130M grating to collect R = 20, 000 spectra in the wavelength range 1150 ? 1450 ? of the central starburst regions of four IR-luminous galaxies. HST archival images in the UV and/or extreme blue as well as UV spectroscopy are available. All galaxies, except IRAS 16104+5235 were observed through small (< 3 arcsec) apertures; therefore accurate flux information for estimating exposure times and evaluating target acquisition strategies are available. IRAS 16104+5235 was observed with HUT; these data and the available UV imaging provide the necessary information as well. The proposed COS spectra will be taken through the circular 2.5 arcsec aperture centered on the nucleus. 12173( 3) - 11-Apr-2011 18:10:39 - [ 2] We will perform a standard target acquisition, with a NUV imaging time of about 20s. The acquisition image and all the overheads will require about 500 seconds for each visit. Accounting also for the guide star acquisition, we expect to have >2400 seconds available for science exposures. Using the HST archival information we derived the expected 1300 ? fluxes in the COS aperture. From our previous experience with HST UV spectra, we require S/N = 15 ? 20 in the continuum. This S/N, together with a resolving power of R = 20, 000 will allow us to measure weak, unsaturated lines with equivalent widths < 0.3 ?. Equally important, we will be able to observe weak photospheric absorption lines, which will support the determination of the galaxy restframe velocity zero point. We can reach this S/N in 1 ? 4 orbits for each of the target galaxies Real Time Justification ----------------------- Calibration Justification ------------------------- Additional Comments ------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12173( 3) - 11-Apr-2011 18:10:39 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 IRAS08339+65 GALAXY, STARBURST RA=08H38M23.1500S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = 5730 V = 14.0 +/- 1.0 F(1300)=1e-14 17 DEC=+65D07'15.40" +/- 0.1" Reference Frame: ICRS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 IRAS10257-43 GALAXY, STARBURST RA=10H27M51.3400S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = 2804 V = 14.0 +/- 1.0 F(1300)=2e-15 39 DEC=-43D54'12.40" +/- 0.1" Reference Frame: ICRS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 IRAS16104+52 GALAXY, STARBURST RA=16H11M40.2000S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = 8947 V = 14.0 +/- 1.0 F(1300)=4e-15 35 DEC=+52D27'23.75" +/- 0.1" Reference Frame: ICRS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 IRAS23133-42 GALAXY, STARBURST RA=23H16M10.7900S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = 1608 V = 14.0 +/- 1.0 F(1300)=5e-15 51 DEC=-42D35'5.50" +/- 0.1" Reference Frame: ICRS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12173( 3) - 11-Apr-2011 18:10:39 - [ 4] Visit: 01 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 IRAS08339+6 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORB 1 45 S 517 GE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 IRAS08339+6 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1309 BUFFER-TIME=800, FP-POS=3 1 1303 S 517 G ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 IRAS08339+6 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1327 BUFFER-TIME=800, FP-POS=3 1 1303 S 517 G ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ IRAS08339+6517 1 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORB none none none none 1 N/A GE IRAS08339+6517 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1309 none none none none 1 N/A G IRAS08339+6517 3 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1327 none none none none 1 N/A G 12173( 3) - 11-Apr-2011 18:10:39 - [ 5] Visit: 02 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 IRAS10257-4 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORB 1 60 S 339 GE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 IRAS10257-4 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 BUFFER-TIME=1500, FP-POS=3 1 2553 S 339 G ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 IRAS10257-4 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1300 BUFFER-TIME=1500, FP-POS=3 1 3055 S 339 G ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 IRAS10257-4 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1309 BUFFER-TIME=1500, FP-POS=3 1 3055 S 339 G ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 IRAS10257-4 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1318 BUFFER-TIME=1500, FP-POS=3 1 3055 S 339 G ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ IRAS10257-4339 1 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORB none none none none 1 N/A GE IRAS10257-4339 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 none none none none 1 N/A G IRAS10257-4339 3 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1300 none none none none 2 N/A G IRAS10257-4339 4 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1309 none none none none 3 N/A G IRAS10257-4339 5 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1318 none none none none 4 N/A G 12173( 3) - 11-Apr-2011 18:10:39 - [ 6] Visit: 03 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 IRAS16104+5 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORB 1 90 S 235 GE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 IRAS16104+5 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1309 BUFFER-TIME=1500, FP-POS=3 1 2588 S 235 G ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 IRAS16104+5 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1318 BUFFER-TIME=1500, FP-POS=3 1 3159 S 235 G ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 IRAS16104+5 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1327 BUFFER-TIME=1500, FP-POS=3 1 3159 S 235 G ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ IRAS16104+5235 1 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORB none none none none 1 N/A GE IRAS16104+5235 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1309 none none none none 1 N/A G IRAS16104+5235 3 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1318 none none none none 2 N/A G IRAS16104+5235 4 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1327 none none none none 3 N/A G 12173( 3) - 11-Apr-2011 18:10:39 - [ 7] Visit: 04 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 IRAS23133-4 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORB 1 60 S 251 GE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 IRAS23133-4 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1300 BUFFER-TIME=1500, FP-POS=3 1 2544 S 251 G ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 IRAS23133-4 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1318 BUFFER-TIME=1500, FP-POS=3 1 3055 S 251 G ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ IRAS23133-4251 1 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORB none none none none 1 N/A GE IRAS23133-4251 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1300 none none none none 1 N/A G IRAS23133-4251 3 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1318 none none none none 2 N/A G 12173( 3) - 11-Apr-2011 18:10:39 - [ 8] Summary Form for Proposal 12173 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures PSA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations COS/FUV, COS/NUV ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACQ/IMAGE, TIME-TAG ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters BUFFER-TIME=1500, BUFFER-TIME=800, FP-POS=3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements G130M, MIRRORB ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names IRAS08339+6517, IRAS10257-4339, IRAS16104+5235, IRAS23133-4251 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------