12518( 3) - 27-Jun-2011 13:06:12 - [ 1] HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 12518 Version: 3 Check-in Time: 27-Jun-2011 13:06:12 STScI Edit Number: 1 Title A New Lead on the White Dwarf Initial-to-Final Mass Relation ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Type Cycle GO 19 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Investigators Contact? PI: Prof. Quentin Parker Macquarie University CoI: Dr. David Frew Macquarie University N CoI: Dr. Richard Shaw National Optical Astronomy Observatory, N AURA CoI: Dr. Paul Dobbie Anglo-Australian Observatory N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract Any association between a planetary nebula (PN) and a Galactic open star cluster is an extremely valuable and potent astrophysical tool. This is because the accurate (<10%) cluster distance, as determined from a high quality color-magnitude diagram (CMD), constrains the physical parameters of the PN and its central star (CSPN) to exceptional precision. The age, and hence mass of the progenitor star can also be very tightly constrained from cluster isochrones. CSPN photometry also allows precise determination of its intrinsic luminosity and mass. The mass of the progenitor star, which can be related to the chemistry of the resulting PN (from spectroscopy), provides a rare additional datum for the fundamental white dwarf (WD) initial-to-final mass relation (IFMR) which intimately links WD properties to their main-sequence progenitors. A robust IFMR is a key component of using WD luminosity functions to constrain the age of the Galactic disk (field WD population) and open clusters (cluster population) and is also key to the build up of carbon and nitrogen in galaxies. We have discovered a unique PN/open cluster association to add to the IFMR. This single-object proposal is designed to exploit the science inherent in this remarkable discovery. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Observations Description ------------------------ We plan to use WFC3 with the following broad filters: F200LP and F350LP to assure that the CS is correctly identified and to determine the UV continuum; the F555W and F814W filters will allow a determination of the visible continuum (since the nebula is well resolved) and also allow the construction of a deep CMD for the host cluster. The continuum exposures will be centered on the cluster, and line-dithered to ameliorate detector artifacts (particularly for the PN central star). We also plan an exposure of the PN with the F502N narrow-band filter (centered in UVIS1) to provide the detailed nebular microstructure in [O_III]. The broad wavelength coverage of these filters beginning in the near-UV where the star will be brightest gives us the opportunity to correctly identify the PN central ionizing star, which we have predicted to have V~23.5+/-1.0. A major additional by-product of the WFC3 field of view is that it is nearly identical to the size of the cluster, which affords the opportunity of a complete color-magnitude diagram for the host cluster. The existing literature CMDs from 12518( 3) - 27-Jun-2011 13:06:12 - [ 2] ground based observations are of rather low quality and suffer from image blending and field star contamination within this compact cluster. In detail, we need exposures centered on the cluster of ~0.5 min plus >10 min in each of F555W and F814W to cover the full dynamic range of the cluster stars with S/N>=30 from above the red clump (V=16.5) to the faint CSPN (V~23.5). We also need the UV continuum with a 14 min and a 16~min exposure in F200LP and F350LP, respectively, which will yield S/N=20. Finally, we plan a ~15 min exposure in F502N, which will yield a S/N ~10 per resolution element. Splitting all exposures (except for the two at 30~s) and allowing for dither offsets between pairs for continuum exposures, plus orbit overheads and managing buffer dumps, requires 2 orbits for this program. Real Time Justification ----------------------- Calibration Justification ------------------------- Additional Comments ------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12518( 3) - 27-Jun-2011 13:06:12 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 PHR1315-6555 STELLAR CLUSTER, RA=13H15M18.9000S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = 23.5 +/- 1.0 log F(Hb)=-13.31 ± EJECTA, EMISSION LINE DEC=-65D55'1.00" +/- 0.1" 0.02; E(B-V)=0.75 NEBULA, OPEN CLUSTER Reference Frame: ICRS Comments: Coordinates of PN from Parker, Q.A., et al. 2011, MNRAS, 413, 1835 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 PHR1315-6555 STELLAR CLUSTER, RA-OFF=-2.90S +/- 0.1S, J2000 V = 19 +/- 4 -OFFSET EMISSION LINE NEBULA, DEC-OFF=-15.0" +/- 0.3", FROM 1 OPEN CLUSTER Reference Frame: ICRS Comments: Coordinates of Open Cluster (center) from Parker, Q.A., et al. 2011, MNRAS, 413, 1835 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12518( 3) - 27-Jun-2011 13:06:12 - [ 4] Patterns ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pattern_Number: 1 Primary_Pattern Secondary_Pattern Pattern_Type WFC3-UVIS-DITHER-LINE Pattern_Purpose DITHER Number_Of_Points 2 Point_Spacing 0.145 Line_Spacing Coordinate_Frame POS-TARG Pattern_Orient 46.84 Angle_Between_Sides Center_Pattern NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12518( 3) - 27-Jun-2011 13:06:12 - [ 5] Visit: 01 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 PHR1315-655 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS F555W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 36 S GS ACQ SCENARIO BASE1B3 5-OFFSET S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 PHR1315-655 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS F555W 1 510 S PATTERN 1 2 5-OFFSET S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 PHR1315-655 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS F814W 1 510 S PATTERN 1 3 5-OFFSET S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 PHR1315-655 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS1 F502N CR-SPLIT=2 1 1000 S 5 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 PHR1315-655 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS F200LP 1 510 S PATTERN 1 5 5-OFFSET S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 PHR1315-655 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS F350LP 1 550 S PATTERN 1 6 5-OFFSET S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 PHR1315-655 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS F814W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 40 S 5-OFFSET S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ PHR1315-6555-OFFSET 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS F555W none none none none 1 N/A S PHR1315-6555-OFFSET 2 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS F555W 1 none none none 1 N/A S PHR1315-6555-OFFSET 2 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS F555W 2 none none none 1 N/A S PHR1315-6555-OFFSET 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS F814W 1 none none none 1 N/A S PHR1315-6555-OFFSET 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS F814W 2 none none none 1 N/A S PHR1315-6555 4 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS1 F502N none none none 1 1 N/A S PHR1315-6555 4 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS1 F502N none none none 2 2 N/A S 12518( 3) - 27-Jun-2011 13:06:12 - [ 6] Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ PHR1315-6555-OFFSET 5 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS F200LP 1 none none none 2 N/A S PHR1315-6555-OFFSET 5 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS F200LP 2 none none none 2 N/A S PHR1315-6555-OFFSET 6 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS F350LP 1 none none none 2 N/A S PHR1315-6555-OFFSET 6 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS F350LP 2 none none none 2 N/A S PHR1315-6555-OFFSET 7 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS F814W none none none none 2 N/A S 12518( 3) - 27-Jun-2011 13:06:12 - [ 7] Summary Form for Proposal 12518 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures UVIS, UVIS1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations WFC3/UVIS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACCUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters CR-SPLIT=2, CR-SPLIT=NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements GS ACQ SCENARIO BASE1B3, PATTERN 1 2, PATTERN 1 3, PATTERN 1 5, PATTERN 1 6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F200LP, F350LP, F502N, F555W, F814W ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names PHR1315-6555, PHR1315-6555-OFFSET ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------