12532( 4) - 29-Jul-2011 19:02:09 - [ 1] HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 12532 Version: 4 Check-in Time: 29-Jul-2011 19:02:09 STScI Edit Number: 2 Title The Scale Sizes of Globular Clusters: Tidal Limits, Evolution, and the Outer Halo ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Type Cycle GO 19 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Investigators Contact? PI: Dr. William E. Harris McMaster University CoI: Prof. Alison Sills McMaster University Y CoI: Mr. Jeremy Webb McMaster University N CoI: Dr. Jarrod Hurley Swinburne University of Technology N CoI: Mr. Juan P. Madrid Swinburne University of Technology N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract The physical factors that determine the linear sizes of massive star clusters are not well understood. Their scale sizes were long thought to be governed by the tidal field of the parent galaxy, but major questions are now emerging. Globular clusters, for example, have mean sizes nearly independent of location in the halo. Paradoxically, the recently discovered "anomalous extended clusters" in M31 and elsewhere have scale sizes that fit much better with tidal theory, but they are puzzlingly rare. Lastly, the persistent size difference between metal-poor and metal-rich clusters still lacks a quantitative explanation. Many aspects of these observations call for better modelling of dynamical evolution in the outskirts of clusters, and also their conditions of formation including the early rapid mass loss phase of protoclusters. A new set of accurate measurements of scale sizes and structural parameters, for a large and homogeneous set of globular clusters, would represent a major advance in this subject. We propose to carry out a (WFC3+ACS) imaging survey of the globular clusters in the supergiant Virgo elliptical M87 to cover the complete run of the halo. M87 is an optimum target system because of its huge numbers of clusters and HST's ability to resolve the cluster profiles accurately. We will derive cluster effective radii, central concentrations, luminosities, and colors for more than 4000 clusters using PSF-convolved King-model profile fitting. In parallel, we are developing theoretical tools to model the expected distribution of cluster sizes versus galactocentric distance as functions of cluster mass, concentration, and orbital anisotropy. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Observations Description ------------------------ A sequence of 2-orbit visits will be executed for four target fields in the halo of M87, plus one additional target field in the outskirts of the globular cluster M3 for PSF calibration. On each visit, one orbit will be spent with the F475W filter and one orbit with the F814W filter. The scientific goal is to measure the linear scale sizes (effective radii) of the M87 globular clusters and to trace the dependence of r_h versus galactocentric distance. Real Time Justification 12532( 4) - 29-Jul-2011 19:02:09 - [ 2] ----------------------- Calibration Justification ------------------------- The M3-SOUTH target field is to be used for precise definition of the PSF shape as a function of location on the WFC3 and ACS/WFC cameras, through identical filters as will be used for the M87 fields. Accurate measurement of the globular cluster radii will require convolving the measured PSF with King-type models for the cluster profiles. Additional Comments ------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12532( 4) - 29-Jul-2011 19:02:09 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 M87-F3 GALAXY, HALO RA=12H30M56.4857S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = 20.0 +/- 0.2 V magnitude is DEC=+12D21'48.30" +/- 0.1" brightest globular cluster Reference Frame: ICRS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 M87-F5 GALAXY, HALO RA=12H31M15.3600S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = 20.0 +/- 0.2 DEC=+12D21'48.30" +/- 0.1" Reference Frame: ICRS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 M87-F7 GALAXY, HALO RA=12H31M34.8486S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = 20.0 +/- 0.2 DEC=+12D21'48.30" +/- 0.1" Reference Frame: ICRS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 M87-F8 GALAXY, HALO RA=12H32M6.6418S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = 20.0 +/- 0.2 DEC=+12D21'25.08" +/- 0.1" Reference Frame: ICRS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 M3-SOUTH GALAXY, HALO RA=13H42M11.2000S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = 13.0 +/- 0.1 DEC=+28D07'0.00" +/- 0.1" Reference Frame: ICRS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12532( 4) - 29-Jul-2011 19:02:09 - [ 4] Patterns ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pattern_Number: 1 Primary_Pattern Secondary_Pattern Pattern_Type ACS-WFC-DITHER-BOX Pattern_Purpose DITHER Number_Of_Points 4 Point_Spacing 0.265 Line_Spacing 0.187 Coordinate_Frame POS-TARG Pattern_Orient 20.67 Angle_Between_Sides 69.05 Center_Pattern NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pattern_Number: 2 Primary_Pattern Secondary_Pattern Pattern_Type WFC3-UVIS-DITHER-BOX Pattern_Purpose DITHER Number_Of_Points 4 Point_Spacing 0.173 Line_Spacing 0.112 Coordinate_Frame POS-TARG Pattern_Orient 23.884 Angle_Between_Sides 81.785 Center_Pattern NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pattern_Number: 3 Primary_Pattern Secondary_Pattern Pattern_Type WFC3-UVIS-DITHER-LINE Pattern_Purpose DITHER Number_Of_Points 2 Point_Spacing 0.145 Line_Spacing Coordinate_Frame POS-TARG Pattern_Orient 46.84 Angle_Between_Sides Center_Pattern NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pattern_Number: 4 Primary_Pattern Secondary_Pattern Pattern_Type WFC3-UVIS-GAP-LINE Pattern_Purpose MOSAIC Number_Of_Points 2 Point_Spacing 2.414 Line_Spacing Coordinate_Frame POS-TARG Pattern_Orient 85.759 Angle_Between_Sides Center_Pattern YES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12532( 4) - 29-Jul-2011 19:02:09 - [ 5] Patterns ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pattern_Number: 5 Primary_Pattern Secondary_Pattern Pattern_Type WFC3-UVIS-DITHER-LINE-3PT Pattern_Purpose DITHER Number_Of_Points 3 Point_Spacing 0.135 Line_Spacing Coordinate_Frame POS-TARG Pattern_Orient 46.84 Angle_Between_Sides Center_Pattern NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12532( 4) - 29-Jul-2011 19:02:09 - [ 6] Visit: 01 Visit Requirements: ORIENT 280D TO 283 D; ORIENT 345D TO 90 D; ORIENT 150D TO 151 D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 M87-F3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CENT F814W 1 855 S GS ACQ SCENARIO BASE1B3; S ER see below PATTERN 5 1-2; PAR 2 WITH 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 M87-F3 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 1 760 S see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 M87-F3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CENT F475W 1 855 S PATTERN 5 3-4; PAR 4 S ER see below WITH 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 M87-F3 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F475W 1 760 S see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ M87-F3 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F814W 1 none none none 1 863.0 S S TER M87-F3 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F814W 2 none none none 1 863.0 S S TER M87-F3 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F814W 3 none none none 1 863.0 S S TER M87-F3 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 1 none none none 1 761.0 S M87-F3 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 2 none none none 1 761.0 S M87-F3 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 3 none none none 1 760.0 S M87-F3 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F475W 1 none none none 2 910.0 S S TER M87-F3 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F475W 2 none none none 2 910.0 S S TER M87-F3 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F475W 3 none none none 2 909.0 S S TER M87-F3 4 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F475W 1 none none none 2 784.0 S M87-F3 4 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F475W 2 none none none 2 784.0 S M87-F3 4 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F475W 3 none none none 2 783.0 S 12532( 4) - 29-Jul-2011 19:02:09 - [ 7] Visit: 02 Visit Requirements: ORIENT 280D TO 285 D; ORIENT 152D TO 153 D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 M87-F5 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CENT F814W 1 855 S PATTERN 5 1-2; PAR 2 S ER see below WITH 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 M87-F5 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 1 760 S see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 M87-F5 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CENT F475W 1 855 S PATTERN 5 3-4; PAR 4 S ER see below WITH 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 M87-F5 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F475W 1 760 S see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ M87-F5 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F814W 1 none none none 1 863 S S TER M87-F5 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F814W 2 none none none 1 863 S S TER M87-F5 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F814W 3 none none none 1 863 S S TER M87-F5 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 1 none none none 1 761 S M87-F5 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 2 none none none 1 761 S M87-F5 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 3 none none none 1 760 S M87-F5 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F475W 1 none none none 2 910 S S TER M87-F5 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F475W 2 none none none 2 910 S S TER M87-F5 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F475W 3 none none none 2 909 S S TER M87-F5 4 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F475W 1 none none none 2 784 S M87-F5 4 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F475W 2 none none none 2 784 S M87-F5 4 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F475W 3 none none none 2 783 S 12532( 4) - 29-Jul-2011 19:02:09 - [ 8] Visit: 03 Visit Requirements: ORIENT 265D TO 273 D; ORIENT 155D TO 185 D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 M87-F7 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CENT F814W 1 855 S PATTERN 5 1-2; PAR 2 S ER see below WITH 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 M87-F7 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 1 760 S see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 M87-F7 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CENT F475W 1 855 S PATTERN 5 3-4; PAR 4 S ER see below WITH 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 M87-F7 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F475W 1 760 S see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ M87-F7 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F814W 1 none none none 1 863.0 S S TER M87-F7 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F814W 2 none none none 1 863.0 S S TER M87-F7 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F814W 3 none none none 1 863.0 S S TER M87-F7 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 1 none none none 1 761.0 S M87-F7 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 2 none none none 1 761.0 S M87-F7 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 3 none none none 1 760.0 S M87-F7 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F475W 1 none none none 2 910.0 S S TER M87-F7 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F475W 2 none none none 2 910.0 S S TER M87-F7 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F475W 3 none none none 2 909.0 S S TER M87-F7 4 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F475W 1 none none none 2 784.0 S M87-F7 4 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F475W 2 none none none 2 784.0 S M87-F7 4 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F475W 3 none none none 2 783.0 S 12532( 4) - 29-Jul-2011 19:02:09 - [ 9] Visit: 04 Visit Requirements: ORIENT 150D TO 295 D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 M87-F8 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CENT F814W 1 855 S PATTERN 5 1-2; PAR 2 S ER see below WITH 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 M87-F8 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 1 760 S see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 M87-F8 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CENT F475W 1 855 S PATTERN 5 3-4; PAR 4 S ER see below WITH 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 M87-F8 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F475W 1 760 S see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ M87-F8 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F814W 1 none none none 1 863.0 S S TER M87-F8 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F814W 2 none none none 1 863.0 S S TER M87-F8 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F814W 3 none none none 1 863.0 S S TER M87-F8 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 1 none none none 1 761.0 S M87-F8 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 2 none none none 1 761.0 S M87-F8 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 3 none none none 1 760.0 S M87-F8 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F475W 1 none none none 2 910.0 S S TER M87-F8 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F475W 2 none none none 2 910.0 S S TER M87-F8 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F475W 3 none none none 2 909.0 S S TER M87-F8 4 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F475W 1 none none none 2 784.0 S M87-F8 4 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F475W 2 none none none 2 784.0 S M87-F8 4 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F475W 3 none none none 2 783.0 S 12532( 4) - 29-Jul-2011 19:02:09 - [ 10] Visit: 05 Visit Requirements: ORIENT 30D TO 140 D; ORIENT 210D TO 256 D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 M3-SOUTH WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CENT F814W 1 855 S PATTERN 5 1-2; PAR 2 S ER see below WITH 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 M3-SOUTH ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 1 760 S see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 M3-SOUTH WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CENT F475W 1 855 S PATTERN 5 3-4; PAR 4 S ER see below WITH 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 M3-SOUTH ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F475W 1 760 S see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ M3-SOUTH 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F814W 1 none none none 1 860. S S TER M3-SOUTH 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F814W 2 none none none 1 860. S S TER M3-SOUTH 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F814W 3 none none none 1 860. S S TER M3-SOUTH 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 1 none none none 1 760. S M3-SOUTH 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 2 none none none 1 760. S M3-SOUTH 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 3 none none none 1 760. S M3-SOUTH 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F475W 1 none none none 2 900. S S TER M3-SOUTH 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F475W 2 none none none 2 900. S S TER M3-SOUTH 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F475W 3 none none none 2 900. S S TER M3-SOUTH 4 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F475W 1 none none none 2 800. S M3-SOUTH 4 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F475W 2 none none none 2 800. S M3-SOUTH 4 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F475W 3 none none none 2 800. S 12532( 4) - 29-Jul-2011 19:02:09 - [ 11] Summary Form for Proposal 12532 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures UVIS-CENTER, WFC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations ACS/WFC, WFC3/UVIS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACCUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements GS ACQ SCENARIO BASE1B3, ORIENT 150D TO 151 D, ORIENT 150D TO 295 D, ORIENT 152D TO 153 D, ORIENT 155D TO 185 D, ORIENT 210D TO 256 D, ORIENT 265D TO 273 D, ORIENT 280D TO 283 D, ORIENT 280D TO 285 D, ORIENT 30D TO 140 D, ORIENT 345D TO 90 D, PAR 2 WITH 1, PAR 4 WITH 3, PATTERN 5 1-2, PATTERN 5 3-4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F475W, F814W ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names M3-SOUTH, M87-F3, M87-F5, M87-F7, M87-F8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------