12545( 2) - 01-Jul-2011 15:31:08 - [ 1] HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 12545 Version: 2 Check-in Time: 01-Jul-2011 15:31:08 STScI Edit Number: 0 Title Dust Destruction in the ISM: The Cygnus Loop Blast Wave ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Type Cycle GO 19 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Investigators Contact? PI: Dr. John C. Raymond Smithsonian Institution Astrophysical Observatory CoI: Dr. Brian J. Williams North Carolina State University N CoI: Dr. Ravi Sankrit Universities Space Research Association N CoI: Dr. Kazimierz J. Borkowski North Carolina State University N CoI: Dr. William P. Blair The Johns Hopkins University N CoI: Dr. Terrance Gaetz Smithsonian Institution Astrophysical N Observatory CoI: Dr. Parviz Ghavamian Space Telescope Science Institute N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract Interstellar dust is destroyed in supernova remnant shocks, but the destruction rate is poorly known. Model-dependent constraints can be obtained from IR observations with Spitzer and from X-ray images, since liberation of volatiles from grains increases the X-ray emissivity. We propose to obtain a more direct, model independent measurement by using COS to observe emission in the C IV lines from carbon sputtered from grains as it is ionized toward equilibrium at X-ray emitting temperatures. We have chosen a shock wave in the Cygnus Loop where we have dust parameters from Spitzer, the electron temperature from Chandra, and shock speed and density from optical and FUSE spectra. The dust destruction zone is spatially resolved, and we have developed models for the evolution of Spitzer and Chandra spectra as grains are destroyed and refractory elements are returned to the gas phase. The UV sensitivity of COS makes this observation possible. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Observations Description ------------------------ The program will observe three positions in the Cygnus Loop supernova remnant at and behind the shock wave. The COS 160M grating will be used to measure the fluxes of the C IV 1550 doublet and the He II 1640 line to determine the rate of sputtering of carbon atoms from dust grains swept up by the shock. This will be compared with X-ray and IR observations and models of the sputtering rate and grain size distribution. The positions are at the shock (1 orbit), 10" behind it (3 orbits) and 25" behind it (5 orbits). Depending on shock wave physics, it may be possible to measure the C IV line width as well as the intensity. No special orientation is required. Proper motion was taken into account when choosing the positions, and the proper motion over the course of a year of 0.1" is small enough that fine adjustment for the time of year is not necessary. Real Time Justification ----------------------- 12545( 2) - 01-Jul-2011 15:31:08 - [ 2] Calibration Justification ------------------------- Additional Comments ------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12545( 2) - 01-Jul-2011 15:31:08 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 CYG-P7-1 ISM, SNR RA=20H54M43.6110S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = 17.0 3.8e-15 erg/(cm2 s square DEC=+32D16'3.53" +/- 0.1" arcsec) in C IV 1550 Doublet Reference Frame: ICRS Comments: 1 orbit ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 CYG-P7-2 ISM, SNR RA=20H54M43.0550S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = 20.0 2.9e-16 ergs/(cm2 s square DEC=+32D15'56.46" +/- 0.1" arcsec) in C IV 1550 doublet Reference Frame: ICRS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 CYG-P7-3 ISM, SNR RA=20H54M42.2210S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = 20.0 9.0e-17 ergs/(cm2 s square DEC=+32D15'45.85" +/- 0.1" arcsec) in C IV 1550 doublet Reference Frame: ICRS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12545( 2) - 01-Jul-2011 15:31:08 - [ 4] Visit: 01 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Targets 1 and 2 Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 CYG-P7-1 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 FP-POS=1, EXTENDED=YES, 1 625 S G BUFFER-TIME=515 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 CYG-P7-1 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 FP-POS=2, EXTENDED=YES, 1 625 S G BUFFER-TIME=515 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 CYG-P7-1 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 FP-POS=3, EXTENDED=YES, 1 625 S G BUFFER-TIME=525 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 CYG-P7-1 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 FP-POS=4, EXTENDED=YES, 1 625 S G BUFFER-TIME=515 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 CYG-P7-2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 BUFFER-TIME=540, FP-POS=1, 1 650 S G EXTENDED=YES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 CYG-P7-2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 BUFFER-TIME=540, FP-POS=2, 1 650 S G EXTENDED=YES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 CYG-P7-2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 BUFFER-TIME=540, FP-POS=3, 1 650 S G EXTENDED=YES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 CYG-P7-2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 BUFFER-TIME=540, FP-POS=4, 1 650 S G EXTENDED=YES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9 CYG-P7-2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 BUFFER-TIME=540, FP-POS=1, 1 650 S G EXTENDED=YES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 CYG-P7-2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 BUFFER-TIME=540, FP-POS=2, 1 650 S G EXTENDED=YES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11 CYG-P7-2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 BUFFER-TIME=540, FP-POS=3, 1 650 S G EXTENDED=YES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12 CYG-P7-2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 BUFFER-TIME=540, FP-POS=4, 1 650 S G EXTENDED=YES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13 CYG-P7-2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 BUFFER-TIME=540, FP-POS=1, 1 650 S G EXTENDED=YES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14 CYG-P7-2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 BUFFER-TIME=540, FP-POS=2, 1 650 S G EXTENDED=YES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12545( 2) - 01-Jul-2011 15:31:08 - [ 5] Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 15 CYG-P7-2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 BUFFER-TIME=540, FP-POS=3, 1 650 S G EXTENDED=YES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16 CYG-P7-2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 BUFFER-TIME=540, FP-POS=4, 1 650 S G EXTENDED=YES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ CYG-P7-1 1 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 none none none none 1 N/A G CYG-P7-1 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 none none none none 1 N/A G CYG-P7-1 3 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 none none none none 1 N/A G CYG-P7-1 4 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 none none none none 1 N/A G CYG-P7-2 5 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 none none none none 2 N/A G CYG-P7-2 6 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 none none none none 2 N/A G CYG-P7-2 7 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 none none none none 2 N/A G CYG-P7-2 8 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 none none none none 2 N/A G CYG-P7-2 9 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 none none none none 3 N/A G CYG-P7-2 10 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 none none none none 3 N/A G CYG-P7-2 11 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 none none none none 3 N/A G CYG-P7-2 12 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 none none none none 3 N/A G CYG-P7-2 13 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 none none none none 4 N/A G CYG-P7-2 14 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 none none none none 4 N/A G CYG-P7-2 15 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 none none none none 4 N/A G CYG-P7-2 16 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 none none none none 4 N/A G 12545( 2) - 01-Jul-2011 15:31:08 - [ 6] Visit: 02 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 CYG-P7-3 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 BUFFER-TIME=2690, 1 2800 S G EXTENDED=YES, FP-POS=1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 CYG-P7-3 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 BUFFER-TIME=2790, 1 2900 S G EXTENDED=YES, FP-POS=2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 CYG-P7-3 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 BUFFER-TIME=2790, 1 2900 S G EXTENDED=YES, FP-POS=3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 CYG-P7-3 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 BUFFER-TIME=2790, 1 2900 S G EXTENDED=YES, FP-POS=4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 CYG-P7-3 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 BUFFER-TIME=515, EXTENDED=YES, 1 625 S G FP-POS=1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 CYG-P7-3 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 BUFFER-TIME=515, EXTENDED=YES, 1 625 S G FP-POS=2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 CYG-P7-3 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 BUFFER-TIME=515, EXTENDED=YES, 1 625 S G FP-POS=3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 CYG-P7-3 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 BUFFER-TIME=515, EXTENDED=YES, 1 625 S G FP-POS=4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ CYG-P7-3 1 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 none none none none 1 N/A G CYG-P7-3 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 none none none none 2 N/A G CYG-P7-3 3 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 none none none none 3 N/A G CYG-P7-3 4 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 none none none none 4 N/A G CYG-P7-3 5 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 none none none none 5 N/A G CYG-P7-3 6 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 none none none none 5 N/A G 12545( 2) - 01-Jul-2011 15:31:08 - [ 7] Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ CYG-P7-3 7 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 none none none none 5 N/A G CYG-P7-3 8 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 none none none none 5 N/A G 12545( 2) - 01-Jul-2011 15:31:08 - [ 8] Summary Form for Proposal 12545 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures PSA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations COS/FUV ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes TIME-TAG ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters BUFFER-TIME=2690, BUFFER-TIME=2790, BUFFER-TIME=515, BUFFER-TIME=525, BUFFER-TIME=540, EXTENDED=YES, FP-POS=1, FP-POS=2, FP-POS=3, FP-POS=4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements G160M ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names CYG-P7-1, CYG-P7-2, CYG-P7-3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------