12816( 2) - 11-Jul-2012 15:16:10 - [ 1] HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 12816 Version: 2 Check-in Time: 11-Jul-2012 15:16:10 STScI Edit Number: 0 Title Probing the Reionization Epoch of IGM Helium: A Detailed Follow-up Study of Three High-Quality He II Quasars ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Type Cycle GO 20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Investigators Contact? PI: Dr. David Syphers University of Colorado at Boulder Y CoI: Prof. Scott F. Anderson University of Washington N CoI: Dr. Charles W. Danforth University of Colorado at Boulder N CoI: Dr. Gerard A. Kriss Space Telescope Science Institute N CoI: Prof. Avery Meiksin Royal Observatory Edinburgh N CoI: Dr. Steven V. Penton Space Telescope Science Institute N CoI: Prof. Donald P. Schneider The Pennsylvania State University N CoI: Prof. J. Michael Shull University of Colorado at Boulder N CoI: Prof. Donald G. York University of Chicago N CoI: Dr. Wei Zheng The Johns Hopkins University N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract The full reionization of intergalactic helium likely occurred at redshifts between z=2.7 and 4, dramatically affecting the state of the IGM, including strong heating of the gas. Detailed UV spectral studies of He II Ly-alpha absorption toward a handful of quasars at 2.72.9, while HS1024+1849 and 4C57.27 are the brightest He II quasars without existing high-resolution and high-S/N observations. We propose a 25-orbit program that will study: (1) the currently ill-constrained evolution of He II reionization, from its end to well before completion; (2) the He II Ly-alpha forest; (3) the interaction of quasars and the IGM with the line-of-sight and transverse proximity effects; (4) high-redshift, high-opacity IGM He II using both Ly-alpha and Ly-beta Gunn-Peterson troughs. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Observations Description ------------------------ We will conduct a detailed study of three of the brightest and most interesting He II quasars, filling 25 orbits. Most of the data will be taken in G130M/1222 to exploit the ability to obtain moderate resolution in He II Ly-alpha down to redshift 2.5. Some G140L data will be taken for continuum calibration. Accurate SDSS coordinates and prior HST observation allow us to use ACQ/IMAGE only to acquire targets (to S/N=40 for the given times). None of the targets comes close to violating overlight safety, and GALEX imaging directly verifies no nearby UV-bright objects. All FP-POS are used for the G130M observations to maximize usable spectral coverage and S/N. We use defaults for SEGMENT and FLASH. 12816( 2) - 11-Jul-2012 15:16:10 - [ 2] Real Time Justification ----------------------- Calibration Justification ------------------------- Additional Comments ------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12816( 2) - 11-Jul-2012 15:16:10 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 4C57.27 GALAXY, QUASAR RA=16H03M55.9279S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = 17.3 GALEX NUV: 5.3e-16; COS FUV: DEC=+57D30'54.41" +/- 0.1" 9.0e-16; SDSS: u=18.29, g=17.42, r=17.34, i=17.26, z=17.12 Reference Frame: ICRS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 HS1024+1849 GALAXY, QUASAR RA=10H27M34.1331S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = 17.8 GALEX NUV: 2.4e-16; COS FUV: DEC=+18D34'27.59" +/- 0.1" 4.7e-16; SDSS: u=18.90, g=18.01, r=17.83, i=17.70, z=17.70 Reference Frame: ICRS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 SDSSJ0915+47 GALAXY, QUASAR RA=09H15M10.0118S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = 17.8 GALEX NUV: 2.0e-16; COS FUV: 56 DEC=+47D56'58.79" +/- 0.1" 3.8e-16; SDSS: u=19.57, g=18.16, r=17.85, i=17.81, z=17.73 Reference Frame: ICRS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12816( 2) - 11-Jul-2012 15:16:10 - [ 4] Visit: 01 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 4C57.27 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORA 1 17 S GE Comments: ACQ/IMAGE time estimated using the faintest NUV GALEX flux observed. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 4C57.27 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 FP-POS=1, BUFFER-TIME=2793 1 3500 S G see below Comments: ETC buffer time is ~13ks, so we use the exposure time instead. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 4C57.27 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 FP-POS=2, BUFFER-TIME=3205 1 3500 S G see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 4C57.27 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 FP-POS=3, BUFFER-TIME=3205 1 3500 S G see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 4C57.27 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 FP-POS=4, BUFFER-TIME=3205 1 3500 S G see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 4C57.27 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 FP-POS=4, BUFFER-TIME=3205 1 3500 S G see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4C57.27 1 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORA none none none none 1 N/A GE 4C57.27 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 none none none none 1 2793.0 S G 4C57.27 3 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 none none none none 2 3205.0 S G 4C57.27 4 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 none none none none 3 3205.0 S G 4C57.27 5 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 none none none none 4 3205.0 S G 4C57.27 6 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 none none none none 5 3205.0 S G 12816( 2) - 11-Jul-2012 15:16:10 - [ 5] Visit: 02 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 HS1024+1849 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORA 1 34 S GE Comments: ACQ/IMAGE time estimated using the half the observed GALEX NUV flux, since only a single epoch was available. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 HS1024+1849 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 FP-POS=1, BUFFER-TIME=2512 1 2600 S G see below Comments: ETC buffer time is ~14ks, so we use the exposure time instead. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 HS1024+1849 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 FP-POS=2, BUFFER-TIME=2958 1 3000 S G see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 HS1024+1849 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 FP-POS=3, BUFFER-TIME=2958 1 3000 S G see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 HS1024+1849 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 FP-POS=4, BUFFER-TIME=2958 1 3000 S G see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 HS1024+1849 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 FP-POS=4, BUFFER-TIME=2958 1 3000 S G see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ HS1024+1849 1 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORA none none none none 1 N/A GE HS1024+1849 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 none none none none 1 2512.0 S G HS1024+1849 3 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 none none none none 2 2958.0 S G HS1024+1849 4 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 none none none none 3 2958.0 S G HS1024+1849 5 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 none none none none 4 2958.0 S G HS1024+1849 6 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 none none none none 5 2958.0 S G 12816( 2) - 11-Jul-2012 15:16:10 - [ 6] Visit: 03 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 HS1024+1849 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORA 1 34 S GE Comments: ACQ/IMAGE time estimated using the half the observed GALEX NUV flux, since only a single epoch was available. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 HS1024+1849 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 FP-POS=1, BUFFER-TIME=2512 1 2600 S G see below Comments: ETC buffer time is ~14ks, so we use the exposure time instead. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 HS1024+1849 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 FP-POS=2, BUFFER-TIME=2958 1 3000 S G see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 HS1024+1849 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 FP-POS=3, BUFFER-TIME=2958 1 3000 S G see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 HS1024+1849 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 FP-POS=4, BUFFER-TIME=2958 1 3000 S G see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 HS1024+1849 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 FP-POS=4, BUFFER-TIME=2958 1 3000 S G see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ HS1024+1849 1 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORA none none none none 1 N/A GE HS1024+1849 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 none none none none 1 2512.0 S G HS1024+1849 3 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 none none none none 2 2958.0 S G HS1024+1849 4 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 none none none none 3 2958.0 S G HS1024+1849 5 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 none none none none 4 2958.0 S G HS1024+1849 6 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 none none none none 5 2958.0 S G 12816( 2) - 11-Jul-2012 15:16:10 - [ 7] Visit: 04 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SDSSJ0915+4 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORA 1 50 S 756 GE Comments: ACQ/IMAGE time estimated using the faintest NUV GALEX flux observed. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SDSSJ0915+4 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 FP-POS=1, BUFFER-TIME=2613 1 2600 S 756 G see below Comments: ETC buffer time is ~14ks, so we use the exposure time instead. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 SDSSJ0915+4 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 FP-POS=2, BUFFER-TIME=3091 1 3000 S 756 G see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 SDSSJ0915+4 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 FP-POS=3, BUFFER-TIME=3091 1 3000 S 756 G see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 SDSSJ0915+4 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 FP-POS=4, BUFFER-TIME=3091 1 3000 S 756 G see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 SDSSJ0915+4 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1105 FP-POS=4, BUFFER-TIME=3089 1 1700 S 756 G see below Comments: ETC buffer time is ~11ks, so we use the exposure time instead. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SDSSJ0915+4756 1 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORA none none none none 1 N/A GE SDSSJ0915+4756 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 none none none none 1 2613.0 S G SDSSJ0915+4756 3 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 none none none none 2 3091.0 S G SDSSJ0915+4756 4 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 none none none none 3 3091.0 S G SDSSJ0915+4756 5 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 none none none none 4 3091.0 S G SDSSJ0915+4756 6 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1105 none none none none 5 3089.0 S G 12816( 2) - 11-Jul-2012 15:16:10 - [ 8] Visit: 05 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SDSSJ0915+4 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORA 1 50 S 756 GE Comments: ACQ/IMAGE time estimated using the faintest NUV GALEX flux observed. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SDSSJ0915+4 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 FP-POS=1, BUFFER-TIME=2613 1 2600 S 756 G see below Comments: ETC buffer time is ~14ks, so we use the exposure time instead. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 SDSSJ0915+4 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 FP-POS=2, BUFFER-TIME=3091 1 3000 S 756 G see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 SDSSJ0915+4 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 FP-POS=3, BUFFER-TIME=3091 1 3000 S 756 G see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 SDSSJ0915+4 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 FP-POS=4, BUFFER-TIME=3091 1 3000 S 756 G see below ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 SDSSJ0915+4 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 FP-POS=4, BUFFER-TIME=3091 1 1700 S 756 G see below Comments: ETC buffer time is ~14ks, so we use the exposure time instead. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SDSSJ0915+4756 1 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORA none none none none 1 N/A GE SDSSJ0915+4756 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 none none none none 1 2613.0 S G SDSSJ0915+4756 3 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 none none none none 2 3091.0 S G SDSSJ0915+4756 4 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 none none none none 3 3091.0 S G SDSSJ0915+4756 5 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 none none none none 4 3091.0 S G SDSSJ0915+4756 6 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1222 none none none none 5 3091.0 S G 12816( 2) - 11-Jul-2012 15:16:10 - [ 9] Summary Form for Proposal 12816 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures PSA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations COS/FUV, COS/NUV ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACQ/IMAGE, TIME-TAG ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters BUFFER-TIME=2512, BUFFER-TIME=2613, BUFFER-TIME=2793, BUFFER-TIME=2958, BUFFER-TIME=3089, BUFFER-TIME=3091, BUFFER-TIME=3205, FP-POS=1, FP-POS=2, FP-POS=3, FP-POS=4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements G130M, G140L, MIRRORA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names 4C57.27, HS1024+1849, SDSSJ0915+4756 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------