12921( 7) - 02-Aug-2013 09:30:39 - [ 1] HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 12921 Version: 7 Check-in Time: 02-Aug-2013 09:30:39 STScI Edit Number: 0 Title Multiwavelength Spectroscopy of the Interstellar Medium: O and Ne Abundance ratio ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Type Cycle GO 20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Investigators Contact? PI: Dr. Yangsen Yao Eureka Scientific Inc. Y CoI: Dr. Steven V. Penton Space Telescope Science Institute N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract The solar abundances have been referenced in studies of the interstellar and intergalactic media. But the recent downward revision of several light elements has broken the accordance of these abundances with helioseismological measurements. A much higher Ne/O abundance ratio may solve this problem. But due to the absence of the suitable photospheric lines of Ne, this scenario has not been tested observationally. The interstellar medium (ISM) provides a natural laboratory for testing such a hypothesis. We propose a joint program by requesting COS-HST and LETG-Chandra observations of the low mass X-ray binary 4U 0512-401. The required observations will utilize the high resolving power of the COS to resolve the kinematic velocity components of the ISM absorbers and to measure column densities of OI and HI, and then utilize LETG observations to measure column densities of OI, OII, NeI, NeII, and NeIII. The results will enable us to evaluate the depletion level of oxygen into dust grains, measure the Ne/O abundance ratio of the ISM along the line of sight, and then examine whether the ratio is substantially higher than that usually adopted. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Observations Description ------------------------ The main goal of this project is to measure the abundance ratio between Neon and Oxygen in the interstellar medium. To this end, we seek to obtain high resolution spectra of the X-ray binary 4U 0512-401 covering OI, SiII, and SII and thus to constrain kinematics and dynamics of the ISM. Detecting these lines is our fundamental requirement and also drives the requested S/N level. 4U 0512-401 is a mildly variable in UV wavelength band. We therefore use a spectrum with a typical flux obtained from one previous observation [with the Faint Object Spectrograph (FOS) in 1997 for program 6892] as the input to the Exposure Time Calculator to estimate the ACQ-target-searching and ACQ-target-imaging time and to calculate the Buffer-time. The approved 9 orbits will use COS-G130 grating to detect the OI, SiII, and SII absorption lines and we expect to obtain a spectrum with S/N of 10 around OI wavelengths, which, together with SiII and SII absorption lines, allow us to to constrain kinematics and dynamics of the ISM to be within 20% uncertainty range. To reduce COS fixed-pattern noise, we use the G130 grating at different central wevelengths in successive exposures and use the different FP-POS offsets. By doing this, we will also obtain a spectrum coving the maximal wavelength range; 12921( 7) - 02-Aug-2013 09:30:39 - [ 2] the gaps at different wavelengths are also filled up with nearly even exposures. Real Time Justification ----------------------- Calibration Justification ------------------------- Additional Comments ------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12921( 7) - 02-Aug-2013 09:30:39 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 4U0512-401 STAR, LMXB, X-RAY RA=05H14M6.4491S +/- 0.2", J2000 V = 16.65 TRANSIENT DEC=-40D02'38.14" +/- 0.2" Reference Frame: ICRS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12921( 7) - 02-Aug-2013 09:30:39 - [ 4] Visit: 1A Visit Requirements: ORIENT 264D TO 282 D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Roll-angle limited to 264--282 to restrict BOA BOP area to the existing ACS F140LP image. TA changed to spectroscopic. Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 4U0512-401 COS/FUV ACQ/PEA PSA G130M 1309 1 537 S (537 KXD S) Comments: FUVA only S/N=40 using the FOS spectrum Y3HG0205P. Using the IUE spectrum, which includes many other stars in the aperture produces a count rate of < 600 countns on both segments (COS.sa.524368). The count rates for the FOS spectrum are Count rate Segment A 74.255 Count rate Segment B 277.983 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 4U0512-401 COS/FUV ACQ/PEA PSA G130M 1309 STEP-SIZE=1.25, NUM-POS=3 1 194 S (194 KD S) Comments: FUVA only S/N=40 using the FOS spectrum Y3HG0205P. Using the IUE spectrum, which includes many other stars in the aperture produces a count rate of < 600 countns on both segments (COS.sa.524368). The count rates for the FOS spectrum are Count rate Segment A 74.255 Count rate Segment B 277.983 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 4U0512-401 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 FP-POS=1, BUFFER-TIME=620 1 720 S (720 G S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 4U0512-401 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 FP-POS=4, BUFFER-TIME=615 1 715 S (715 G S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 4U0512-401 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1300 FP-POS=ALL, BUFFER-TIME=1361 1 1471 S G (5884 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 4U0512-401 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1309 FP-POS=ALL, BUFFER-TIME=1361 1 1471 S G (5884 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12921( 7) - 02-Aug-2013 09:30:39 - [ 5] Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4U0512-401 1 COS/FUV ACQ/PEA PSA G130M 1309 none none none none 1 N/A KXD 4U0512-401 2 COS/FUV ACQ/PEA PSA G130M 1309 none none none none 1 N/A KD 4U0512-401 3 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 none none none none 1 N/A G 4U0512-401 4 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 none none none none 1 N/A G 4U0512-401 5 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1300 none none none 1 2 N/A G 4U0512-401 5 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1300 none none none 2 2 N/A G 4U0512-401 5 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1300 none none none 3 3 N/A G 4U0512-401 5 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1300 none none none 4 3 N/A G 4U0512-401 6 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1309 none none none 1 4 N/A G 4U0512-401 6 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1309 none none none 2 4 N/A G 4U0512-401 6 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1309 none none none 3 5 N/A G 4U0512-401 6 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1309 none none none 4 5 N/A G 12921( 7) - 02-Aug-2013 09:30:39 - [ 6] Visit: 2A Visit Requirements: ORIENT 264D TO 282 D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Roll-angle limited to 264--282 to restrict BOA BOP area to the existing ACS F140LP image. Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 4U0512-401 COS/FUV ACQ/PEA PSA G130M 1309 1 537 S (537 KXD S) Comments: FUVA only S/N=40 using the FOS spectrum Y3HG0205P. Using the IUE spectrum, which includes many other stars in the aperture produces a count rate of < 600 countns on both segments (COS.sa.524368). The count rates for the FOS spectrum are Count rate Segment A 74.255 Count rate Segment B 277.983 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 4U0512-401 COS/FUV ACQ/PEA PSA G130M 1309 STEP-SIZE=1.25, NUM-POS=3 1 194 S (194 KD S) Comments: FUVA only S/N=40 using the FOS spectrum Y3HG0205P. Using the IUE spectrum, which includes many other stars in the aperture produces a count rate of < 600 countns on both segments (COS.sa.524368). The count rates for the FOS spectrum are Count rate Segment A 74.255 Count rate Segment B 277.983 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 4U0512-401 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1318 FP-POS=3, BUFFER-TIME=620 1 720 S (720 G S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 4U0512-401 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1318 FP-POS=4, BUFFER-TIME=615 1 715 S (715 G S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 4U0512-401 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1318 FP-POS=1, BUFFER-TIME=1360 1 1470 S G (1470 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 4U0512-401 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1318 FP-POS=2, BUFFER-TIME=1047 1 1472 S G (1472 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 4U0512-401 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1327 FP-POS=ALL, BUFFER-TIME=1361 1 1471 S G (5884 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12921( 7) - 02-Aug-2013 09:30:39 - [ 7] Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4U0512-401 1 COS/FUV ACQ/PEA PSA G130M 1309 none none none none 1 N/A KXD 4U0512-401 2 COS/FUV ACQ/PEA PSA G130M 1309 none none none none 1 N/A KD 4U0512-401 3 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1318 none none none none 1 N/A G 4U0512-401 4 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1318 none none none none 1 N/A G 4U0512-401 5 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1318 none none none none 2 N/A G 4U0512-401 6 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1318 none none none none 2 N/A G 4U0512-401 7 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1327 none none none 1 3 N/A G 4U0512-401 7 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1327 none none none 2 3 N/A G 4U0512-401 7 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1327 none none none 3 4 N/A G 4U0512-401 7 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1327 none none none 4 4 N/A G 12921( 7) - 02-Aug-2013 09:30:39 - [ 8] Summary Form for Proposal 12921 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures PSA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations COS/FUV ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACQ/PEAKD, ACQ/PEAKXD, TIME-TAG ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters BUFFER-TIME=1047, BUFFER-TIME=1360, BUFFER-TIME=1361, BUFFER-TIME=615, BUFFER-TIME=620, FP-POS=1, FP-POS=2, FP-POS=3, FP-POS=4, FP-POS=ALL, NUM-POS=3, STEP-SIZE=1.25 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements ORIENT 264D TO 282 D ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements G130M ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names 4U0512-401 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------