13429( 5) - 11-Feb-2014 21:04:39 - [ 1] HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 13429 Version: 5 Check-in Time: 11-Feb-2014 21:04:39 STScI Edit Number: 2 Title Unveiling the X-ray/UV Connection in AGN Winds: the PG 1126-041 Case Study ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Type Cycle GO 21 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Investigators Contact? PI: Dr. Margherita Giustini European Space Agency - ESTEC Y CoI: Dr. Paola Rodriguez Hidalgo York University Y CoI: Dr. George Chartas College of Charleston N CoI: Dr. Massimo Cappi INAF - IASF Bologna N CoI: Prof. Patrick B. Hall York University N CoI: Prof. Michael Eracleous The Pennsylvania State University N CoI: Dr. Daniel Proga University of Nevada - Las Vegas N CoI: Dr. Norbert Schartel European Space Agency - ESTEC N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract Winds are key to understanding the nature of AGN at small and large scales. Winds are common in AGN, and likely play a role in regulating the black hole growth and star formation in the surrounding galaxies. Models of radiatively-driven winds predict that X-ray absorbing gas acts as a shield, preventing over-ionization of the UV outflowing gas by the strong illuminating continuum source. However, recent observations are putting the hypothesis of this X-ray absorbing gas to the test. We propose a 2-cycle small GO program of 4 HST+XMM coordinated observations with the goal of exploring the connection (if any) between the UV and X-ray absorbing wind phase(s). PG 1126-041 is a low redshift (z=0.06) luminous Seyfert 1 galaxy that displays complex and variable UV and X-ray absorption. A 1992 simultaneous IUE+ROSAT observation revealed X-ray absorption in the OVII/OVIII band, and broad blueshifted (v~-5, 000 km/s) UV absorption in, at least, CIV and NV transitions. Later, independent IUE and XMM-Newton observations showed that UV and X-ray absorption is highly variable, but no more UV+X-ray simultaneous observations have been carried out since 1992. The X-ray absorbing gas could be acting as a "patchy" porous shield, and its variations in our line-of-sight could be causing the observed UV variability; if so, a correlation between UV and X-ray absorption is expected. COS observations will cover a large range of transitions, allowing the detections of changes in the ionization of the UV absorber. Our results will be a direct test of the relation between the UV and the X-ray phases of the wind, and as such will be of crucial interest to test AGN wind models. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Observations Description ------------------------ Our goal is to observe the AGN PG1126-410 with sufficiently high S/N ratios (S/N >~ 10 per resolution element per grating) in order to detect changes in the ionization of the UV absorber and test whether they are coordinated with changes in the X-ray absorption (which is obtained with near-simultaneous XMM-Newton/EPIC, not separated from the HST/COS observations in more than 1 day). 13429( 5) - 11-Feb-2014 21:04:39 - [ 2] We used the ETC on the HST/COS website to calculate the necessary exposure times to obtain spectra with, at least, S/N=10 per resolution element. UV fluxes are included as "Other Fluxes" and are determined based on a previous HST/COS observation in cycle 19, which proves the feasibility of our program. In the ETC we employed average background, a spectrum of power law with index 0. (based on the previous HST/COS observation and other IUE previous exposures), a z=0.06196 and a typical flux of 1.e-14 flam with no extinction. We will use gratings G130M (centered at 1055 and 1327) and G160M (centered at 1577 A) for the science exposures to cover a large range of UV absorption transitions (CIV, NV, OVI, PV, SiIV, and many lower ionization transitions). Grating M is necessary to be able to resolve these absorption profiles into multiple narrower components. We will observe PG1126-410 during 4 visits: 3 of them spaced 15 days during cycle 21, and a fourth observation on cycle 22 11 months later. This target has accurate coordinates, and the HST/COS observation in 2012 was acquired successfully without ACQ/SEARCH and with dispersed light acquisition. Thus, during each visit we choose to do dispersed light acquisition (PEAKXD, PEAKD), which exposure times are calculated with S/N=40 (as recommended). The science exposures are all done in TIME-TAG mode to exclude poor quality data and improved background removal. We use the FP-SPLIT mode to reduce fixed pattern noise and avoid having important lines fall on grid wires. Since we only have 2 orbits and 3 different settings, we use 2 FP POSITIONS in the case of G130M/1327 and G130M/1577 and all 4 in the case of G130M/1055, starting in the neutral position (FP-POS=3) and increasing in 1 from exposure to exposure to minimize overheads as suggested in the COS manual. Real Time Justification ----------------------- Calibration Justification ------------------------- Additional Comments ------------------- The buffer time has been selected based on 2/3s of the real buffer time derived from ETC for double the flux to acquire the requested total S/N of 10. However, we are confused as whether once the exposure is divided in several FP-POS we should modify the buffer time as the exposure time for each observation has been reduced. We are waiting on information from STScI on this matter. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13429( 5) - 11-Feb-2014 21:04:39 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 PG1126-041 GALAXY, QUASAR, SEYFERT RA=11H29M16.7300S +/- 0.1", J2000 Z = V = 14.4 Previous HST/COS flux at 1320 DEC=-04D24'7.50" +/- 0.1" 0.061960 A rest-frame (1400 A observed) = 1 x 10^(-14) erg/s/cm2/A Reference Frame: ICRS Comments: This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13429( 5) - 11-Feb-2014 21:04:39 - [ 4] Visit: 01 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 PG1126-041 COS/FUV ACQ/PEA PSA G130M 1327 SEGMENT=BOTH 1 13 S (13 KXD S) Comments: Calculated for 0.5*F(1150)=0.5E-14 erg/cm2/s/A COS ETC result for S/N=40 (default setting) is 12.1228 (id COS.sa.517633). Count rate entire detector: 523.445 c/sec. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 PG1126-041 COS/FUV ACQ/PEA PSA G130M 1327 CENTER=DEF, NUM-POS=5., 1 13 S (13 KD STEP-SIZE=0.9 S) Comments: Calculated for 0.5*F(1150)=0.5E-14 erg/cm2/s/A COS ETC result for S/N=40 (default setting) is 12.1228 (id COS.sa.517633). Count rate entire detector: 523.445 c/sec. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 PG1126-041 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1327 BUFFER-TIME=1489, FP-POS=3 1 790 S (790 G S) Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 1489 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 PG1126-041 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1327 BUFFER-TIME=1489, FP-POS=4 1 790 S (790 G S) Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 1489 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 PG1126-041 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1055 BUFFER-TIME=7878, FP-POS=1 1 571 S (571 G S) Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 7878 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 PG1126-041 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1055 BUFFER-TIME=7878, FP-POS=2 1 503 S (503 G S) Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 7878 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 PG1126-041 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1055 BUFFER-TIME=7878, FP-POS=3 1 400 S (400 G S) Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 7878 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13429( 5) - 11-Feb-2014 21:04:39 - [ 5] Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 PG1126-041 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1055 BUFFER-TIME=7878, FP-POS=4 1 400 S (400 G S) Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 7878 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9 PG1126-041 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 BUFFER-TIME=2701, FP-POS=1 1 540 S (540 G S) Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 2701 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 PG1126-041 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 BUFFER-TIME=2701, FP-POS=2 1 539 S (539 G S) Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 2701 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ PG1126-041 1 COS/FUV ACQ/PEA PSA G130M 1327 none none none none 1 N/A KXD PG1126-041 2 COS/FUV ACQ/PEA PSA G130M 1327 none none none none 1 N/A KD PG1126-041 3 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1327 none none none none 1 N/A G PG1126-041 4 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1327 none none none none 1 N/A G PG1126-041 5 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1055 none none none none 1 N/A G PG1126-041 6 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1055 none none none none 2 N/A G PG1126-041 7 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1055 none none none none 2 N/A G PG1126-041 8 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1055 none none none none 2 N/A G PG1126-041 9 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 none none none none 2 N/A G PG1126-041 10 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 none none none none 2 N/A G 13429( 5) - 11-Feb-2014 21:04:39 - [ 6] Visit: 02 Visit Requirements: AFTER 01 BY 7 D TO 30 D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 PG1126-041 COS/FUV ACQ/PEA PSA G130M 1327 SEGMENT=BOTH 1 13 S (13 KXD S) Comments: Calculated for 0.5*F(1150)=0.5E-14 erg/cm2/s/A COS ETC result for S/N=40 (default setting) is 12.1228 (id COS.sa.517633). Count rate entire detector: 523.445 c/sec. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 PG1126-041 COS/FUV ACQ/PEA PSA G130M 1327 CENTER=DEF, NUM-POS=5., 1 13 S (13 KD STEP-SIZE=0.9 S) Comments: Calculated for 0.5*F(1150)=0.5E-14 erg/cm2/s/A COS ETC result for S/N=40 (default setting) is 12.1228 (id COS.sa.517633). Count rate entire detector: 523.445 c/sec. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 PG1126-041 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1327 BUFFER-TIME=1489, FP-POS=3 1 790 S (790 G S) Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 1489 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 PG1126-041 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1327 BUFFER-TIME=1489, FP-POS=4 1 790 S (790 G S) Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 1489 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 PG1126-041 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1055 BUFFER-TIME=7878, FP-POS=1 1 571 S (571 G S) Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 7878 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 PG1126-041 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1055 BUFFER-TIME=7878, FP-POS=2 1 503 S (503 G S) Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 7878 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 PG1126-041 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1055 BUFFER-TIME=7878, FP-POS=3 1 400 S (400 G S) Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 7878 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13429( 5) - 11-Feb-2014 21:04:39 - [ 7] Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 PG1126-041 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1055 BUFFER-TIME=7878, FP-POS=4 1 400 S (400 G S) Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 7878 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9 PG1126-041 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 BUFFER-TIME=2701, FP-POS=1 1 540 S (540 G S) Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 2701 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 PG1126-041 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 BUFFER-TIME=2701, FP-POS=2 1 539 S (539 G S) Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 2701 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ PG1126-041 1 COS/FUV ACQ/PEA PSA G130M 1327 none none none none 1 N/A KXD PG1126-041 2 COS/FUV ACQ/PEA PSA G130M 1327 none none none none 1 N/A KD PG1126-041 3 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1327 none none none none 1 N/A G PG1126-041 4 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1327 none none none none 1 N/A G PG1126-041 5 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1055 none none none none 1 N/A G PG1126-041 6 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1055 none none none none 2 N/A G PG1126-041 7 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1055 none none none none 2 N/A G PG1126-041 8 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1055 none none none none 2 N/A G PG1126-041 9 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 none none none none 2 N/A G PG1126-041 10 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 none none none none 2 N/A G 13429( 5) - 11-Feb-2014 21:04:39 - [ 8] Visit: 03 Visit Requirements: AFTER 02 BY 7 D TO 30 D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 PG1126-041 COS/FUV ACQ/PEA PSA G130M 1327 SEGMENT=BOTH 1 13 S (13 KXD S) Comments: Calculated for 0.5*F(1150)=0.5E-14 erg/cm2/s/A COS ETC result for S/N=40 (default setting) is 12.1228 (id COS.sa.517633). Count rate entire detector: 523.445 c/sec. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 PG1126-041 COS/FUV ACQ/PEA PSA G130M 1327 CENTER=DEF, NUM-POS=5., 1 13 S (13 KD STEP-SIZE=0.9 S) Comments: Calculated for 0.5*F(1150)=0.5E-14 erg/cm2/s/A COS ETC result for S/N=40 (default setting) is 12.1228 (id COS.sa.517633). Count rate entire detector: 523.445 c/sec. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 PG1126-041 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1327 BUFFER-TIME=1489, FP-POS=3 1 790 S (790 G S) Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 1489 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 PG1126-041 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1327 BUFFER-TIME=1489, FP-POS=4 1 790 S (790 G S) Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 1489 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 PG1126-041 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1055 BUFFER-TIME=7878, FP-POS=1 1 571 S (571 G S) Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 7878 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 PG1126-041 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1055 BUFFER-TIME=7878, FP-POS=2 1 503 S (503 G S) Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 7878 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 PG1126-041 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1055 BUFFER-TIME=7878, FP-POS=3 1 400 S (400 G S) Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 7878 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13429( 5) - 11-Feb-2014 21:04:39 - [ 9] Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 PG1126-041 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1055 BUFFER-TIME=7878, FP-POS=4 1 400 S (400 G S) Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 7878 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9 PG1126-041 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 BUFFER-TIME=2701, FP-POS=1 1 540 S (540 G S) Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 2701 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 PG1126-041 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 BUFFER-TIME=2701, FP-POS=2 1 539 S (539 G S) Comments: 2/3rds of buffer time at twice nominal flux is 2701 sec ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ PG1126-041 1 COS/FUV ACQ/PEA PSA G130M 1327 none none none none 1 N/A KXD PG1126-041 2 COS/FUV ACQ/PEA PSA G130M 1327 none none none none 1 N/A KD PG1126-041 3 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1327 none none none none 1 N/A G PG1126-041 4 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1327 none none none none 1 N/A G PG1126-041 5 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1055 none none none none 1 N/A G PG1126-041 6 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1055 none none none none 2 N/A G PG1126-041 7 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1055 none none none none 2 N/A G PG1126-041 8 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1055 none none none none 2 N/A G PG1126-041 9 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 none none none none 2 N/A G PG1126-041 10 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G160M 1577 none none none none 2 N/A G 13429( 5) - 11-Feb-2014 21:04:39 - [ 10] Summary Form for Proposal 13429 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures PSA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations COS/FUV ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACQ/PEAKD, ACQ/PEAKXD, TIME-TAG ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters BUFFER-TIME=1489, BUFFER-TIME=2701, BUFFER-TIME=7878, CENTER=DEF, FP-POS=1, FP-POS=2, FP-POS=3, FP-POS=4, NUM-POS=5., SEGMENT=BOTH, STEP-SIZE=0.9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements AFTER 01 BY 7 D TO 30 D, AFTER 02 BY 7 D TO 30 D ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements G130M, G160M ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names PG1126-041 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------