13438( 14) - 03-Jan-2014 15:58:33 - [ 1] HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 13438 Version: 14 Check-in Time: 03-Jan-2014 15:58:33 STScI Edit Number: 8 Title Probing the atmosphere of a transiting ocean world ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Type Cycle GO 21 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Investigators Contact? PI: Dr. William B. Sparks Space Telescope Science Institute Y CoI: Dr. Melissa A. McGrath NASA Marshall Space Flight Center N CoI: Dr. Kevin P. Hand Jet Propulsion Laboratory N CoI: Dr. Susana E. Deustua Space Telescope Science Institute N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract We propose to image the atmosphere of Europa against the smooth FUV and NUV background of Jupiter to reveal or constrain its structure, scale height and composition. Molecules are liberated from the surface by a combination of sputtering and erosion associated with impacting magnetospheric ions, micrometeroids, sublimation from sunlight and, potentially, cryogenic volcanism. In detail, the relationships between the atmosphere, exosphere and surface are not understood. The clumpy FUV OI emission implies a patchy, irregular exosphere, suggestive of localized sources and strong atmospheric density variations. If the internal heat sources and surface cracking are sufficient to release outgassing plumes, as for Enceladus, we have an excellent chance of detecting them. By using the STIS FUV MAMA TIME-TAG imaging: Jupiter is smooth, detector features are removed, and we can crisply image, post-facto, any and all targets in the field individually, including Europa, its shadow and features on Jupiter. The spatial resolution is highest in the FUV and cross-sections of relevant molecules are high. An intriguing archival image demonstrates the power of this approach. An additional observation in the NUV using conventional CCD imaging will provide sensitive limits on dusty particulates above the surface, potentially entrained by outflowing gas. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Observations Description ------------------------ We will obtain three observations of Europa transiting the face of Jupiter. Two use TIME-TAG STIS FUV imaging and one uses blue WFC3 imaging. We avoid three days near opposition where the shadow of Europa would interfere with the transit, and desire a sun-target-observer angle <4.5deg if possible. We also desire the transit to be across the center of the planet. Real Time Justification ----------------------- Calibration Justification ------------------------- Additional Comments 13438( 14) - 03-Jan-2014 15:58:33 - [ 2] ------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13438( 14) - 03-Jan-2014 15:58:33 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Solar System Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 1 TARGET NAME: EUROPA-TRANSIT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: SATELLITE Satellite Europa ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 STD=JUPITER STD=EUROPA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 WINDOWS TYPE=POS_ANGLE, RAD=6.0, ANG=180.0, REF=NORTH, TRANSIT OF EUROPA ACROSS JUPITER FROM EARTH, R_RAD=-8.5, R_ANG=0, EPOCH=19-JAN-2014:16:30:26, SEP OF EUROPA JUPITER FROM EARTH LT -10" EpochTimeScale=UTC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ DATA COMMENTS V = 5.3 +/- 0.5 Ephemeris Center: EARTH MOSS Show Windows: true ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 2 TARGET NAME: EUROPA2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: SATELLITE Satellite Europa ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 STD=JUPITER STD=EUROPA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 WINDOWS TYPE=POS_ANGLE, RAD=6.0, ANG=180, REF=NORTH, R_RAD=-8.5, TRANSIT OF EUROPA ACROSS JUPITER FROM EARTH, R_ANG=0, EPOCH=26-JAN-2014:18:12:18, EpochTimeScale=UTC SEP OF EUROPA JUPITER FROM EARTH LT -10" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ DATA COMMENTS V = 5.3 +/- 0.5 Ephemeris Center: EARTH MOSS Show Windows: true ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13438( 14) - 03-Jan-2014 15:58:33 - [ 4] TARGET LIST Solar System Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 3 TARGET NAME: EUROPA3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: SATELLITE Satellite Europa ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 STD=JUPITER STD=EUROPA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 WINDOWS TYPE=POS_ANGLE, RAD=0, ANG=90, REF=NORTH, R_RAD=-138, TRANSIT OF EUROPA ACROSS JUPITER FROM EARTH, R_ANG=0, EPOCH=22-DEC-2013:07:07:30, EpochTimeScale=UTC SEP OF EUROPA JUPITER FROM EARTH LT -10" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ DATA COMMENTS V = 5.3 +/- 0.5 Ephemeris Center: EARTH MOSS Show Windows: true ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 4 TARGET NAME: EUROPA-TRANSIT-WFC3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: SATELLITE Satellite Europa ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 STD=JUPITER STD=EUROPA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 WINDOWS TRANSIT OF EUROPA ACROSS JUPITER FROM EARTH, SEP OF EUROPA JUPITER FROM EARTH LT -10" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ DATA COMMENTS V = 5.3 +/- 0.5 Ephemeris Center: EARTH MOSS Show Windows: true ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13438( 14) - 03-Jan-2014 15:58:33 - [ 5] Visit: 01 Visit Requirements: SCHED 100%; BETWEEN 19-JAN-2014:14:00:00 AND 19-JAN-2014:19:00:00 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Time constraints are so that Sun-Target-Observer angle is in range 4.5 deg to 0.6 deg (latter to avoid shadow behind target) Additional time constraint to select single visit matched to EPOCH in level 3 target specification. Execute two of visists 1, 2, 3 Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 EUROPA-TRAN STIS/FUV TIME-TA F25SRF2 MIRROR BUFFER-TIME=99 1 2700 S SIT -MAMA G see below (2507 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EUROPA-TRANSIT 1 STIS/FUV TIME-TA F25SRF2 MIRROR none none none none 1 2507.0 S -MAMA G 13438( 14) - 03-Jan-2014 15:58:33 - [ 6] Visit: 02 Visit Requirements: SCHED 100%; BETWEEN 26-JAN-2014:16:00:00 AND 26-JAN-2014:21:00:00 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Time constraints are so that Sun-Target-Observer angle is in range 4.5 deg to 0.6 deg (latter to avoid shadow behind target) Further constrained to match EPOCH in Level 3 target specification. Execute two of visists 1, 2, 3 Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 EUROPA2 STIS/FUV TIME-TA F25SRF2 MIRROR BUFFER-TIME=99 1 2700 S -MAMA G see below (2507 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EUROPA2 1 STIS/FUV TIME-TA F25SRF2 MIRROR none none none none 1 2507.0 S -MAMA G 13438( 14) - 03-Jan-2014 15:58:33 - [ 7] Visit: 03 Visit Requirements: SCHED 100%; BETWEEN 22-DEC-2013:04:00:00 AND 22-DEC-2013:10:00:00 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Time constraints are so that Sun-Target-Observer angle is in range 4.5 deg to 0.6 deg (latter to avoid shadow behind target) Further constrained to match Level 3 target specification EPOCH Execute two of visists 1, 2, 3 Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 EUROPA3 STIS/FUV TIME-TA F25SRF2 MIRROR BUFFER-TIME=99 1 2700 S -MAMA G see below (2507 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EUROPA3 1 STIS/FUV TIME-TA F25SRF2 MIRROR none none none none 1 2507.0 S -MAMA G 13438( 14) - 03-Jan-2014 15:58:33 - [ 8] Visit: 04 Visit Requirements: SCHED 80%; BETWEEN 15-DEC-2013:14:30:00 AND 03-JAN-2014:14:30:00; BETWEEN 08-JAN-2014:16:30:00 AND 27-JAN-2014:05:00:00 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Time constraints are so that Sun-Target-Observer angle is in range 4.5 deg to 0.6 deg (latter to avoid shadow behind target) Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 EUROPA-TRAN WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K2 F225W 2 150 S (300 POS TARG 0.5, 0.5 SIT-WFC3 S C-SUB S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 EUROPA-TRAN WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K2 F225W 2 150 S (300 SIT-WFC3 S C-SUB S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 EUROPA-TRAN WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K2 F275W 3 29.4 S SIT-WFC3 S C-SUB (88.2 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 EUROPA-TRAN WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K2 F275W 3 29.4 S POS TARG -0.5, -0.5 SIT-WFC3 S C-SUB (88.2 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EUROPA-TRANSIT-WFC3 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K F225W none none 1 none 1 N/A S 2C-SUB EUROPA-TRANSIT-WFC3 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K F225W none none 2 none 1 N/A S 2C-SUB EUROPA-TRANSIT-WFC3 2 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K F225W none none 1 none 1 N/A S 2C-SUB EUROPA-TRANSIT-WFC3 2 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K F225W none none 2 none 1 N/A S 2C-SUB EUROPA-TRANSIT-WFC3 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K F275W none none 1 none 1 N/A S 2C-SUB EUROPA-TRANSIT-WFC3 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K F275W none none 2 none 1 N/A S 2C-SUB EUROPA-TRANSIT-WFC3 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K F275W none none 3 none 1 N/A S 2C-SUB EUROPA-TRANSIT-WFC3 4 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K F275W none none 1 none 1 N/A S 2C-SUB EUROPA-TRANSIT-WFC3 4 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K F275W none none 2 none 1 N/A S 2C-SUB EUROPA-TRANSIT-WFC3 4 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K F275W none none 3 none 1 N/A S 2C-SUB 13438( 14) - 03-Jan-2014 15:58:33 - [ 9] Summary Form for Proposal 13438 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures F25SRF2, UVIS2-2K2C-SUB ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations STIS/FUV-MAMA, WFC3/UVIS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACCUM, TIME-TAG ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters BUFFER-TIME=99 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements BETWEEN 08-JAN-2014:16:30:00 AND 27-JAN-2014:05:00:00, BETWEEN 15-DEC-2013:14:30:00 AND 03-JAN-2014:14:30:00, BETWEEN 19-JAN-2014:14:00:00 AND 19-JAN-2014:19:00:00, BETWEEN 22-DEC-2013:04:00:00 AND 22-DEC-2013:10:00:00, BETWEEN 26-JAN-2014:16:00:00 AND 26-JAN-2014:21:00:00, POS TARG -0.5, -0.5, POS TARG 0.5, 0.5, SCHED 100%, SCHED 80% ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F225W, F275W, MIRROR ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names EUROPA-TRANSIT, EUROPA-TRANSIT-WFC3, EUROPA2, EUROPA3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------