13487( 2) - 26-Jun-2013 19:12:42 - [ 1] HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 13487 Version: 2 Check-in Time: 26-Jun-2013 19:12:42 STScI Edit Number: 0 Title A pilot study to characterize the Lyman alpha emission of active exoplanet host stars ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Type Cycle SNAP 21 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Investigators Contact? PI: Mr. Michael Salz Universitat Hamburg, Hamburger Sternwarte Y CoI: Prof. Jurgen H.M.M. Schmitt Universitat Hamburg, Hamburger Sternwarte N CoI: Dr. Stefan Czesla Universitat Hamburg, Hamburger Sternwarte N CoI: Dr. Peter Christian Schneider Universitat Hamburg, Hamburger Sternwarte Y CoI: Dr. Katja Poppenhaeger Smithsonian Institution Astrophysical N Observatory ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract We propose to measure the strength of the stellar hydrogen Lyman alpha emission in a sample of seven planet host-stars with transiting hot Jupiters using HST-STIS snapshots. Strong UV irradiation is thought to heat the outer planetary atmosphere leading to atmospheric expansion that may result in substantial mass-loss. Expanded hydrogen atmospheres have been detected around the two hot Jupiters HD 209458 b and HD 189733 b by means of Ly alpha transit spectroscopy, which is only possible with the HST. Further observational studies of planetary atmospheres are crucial to constrain model calculations and improve our understanding of planetary mass-loss. We compiled a sample of planet host-stars with the strongest anticipated Ly alpha fluxes. The accuracy of these estimates is fundamentally limited by uncertainties in the intrinsic stellar emission and the interstellar absorption column density. The proposed program is needed to establish the true Ly alpha fluxes and identify suitable targets for follow-up transit campaigns aimed at detecting the planetary atmosphere. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Observations Description ------------------------ The main observational task is to measure the strength of the Ly alpha emission. The layout of the observations follows the successful HST STIS observations of HD209458 and HD189733. We will use STIS, because airglow cannot be removed from COS data with the required accuracy. To identify suitable targets for follow-up studies, we have to identify the portion of the Ly alpha line-profile unaffected by airglow since the wavelength regions affected by airglow have a significantly higher error in the reduced spectrum. Therefore, we will use the G140M grating (the G140L does not provide sufficient spectral resolution). Based on the observations of HD209458, we conclude that an exposure time of 20 min is sufficient to identify targets amenable to follow-up studies. Since we are currently only interested in the strength of the Ly alpha emission, but not in the exact line profile, we will maximize the available exposure time by skipping the WAVECAL exposure. An approximate wavelength zero-point will be determined from the Ly alpha airglow line. If a strong Ly alpha emission 13487( 2) - 26-Jun-2013 19:12:42 - [ 2] feature is visible, we expect to detect also metal features of Si III and N V, which will allow a (relative) wavelength calibration. If no or weak Ly alpha emission is detected, the wavelength calibration is dispensable. With this procedure, we will be able to carry out a sufficiently accurate characterization of the Ly alpha emission to select the best targets for follow-up. We do not attempt to measure the actual transit so that no time for telescope settling is required. DETECTOR SAFETY ---------------------------- All sources in the sample are of spectral type F8 or later; they are more than six magnitudes fainter than the brightness-limits for the proposed setup. We checked the SIMBAD database for sources violating the brightness limit within a radius of 2 arcmin but found none. Additionally, we inspected SDSS and USNO images of the surroundings of our target stars. The brightest sources within 30 arcsec of the targets have V ~> 15 mag, so that the long-slit observations do not pose any safety concern when using the 52 arcsec long slit. The bright object tool (BOT) of the APT has been used to further check for any limiting sources. The GALEX screening does not show any Health/Safety objects. We used the Simbad tool to overplot the GALEX images and the apperture and checked that there is full GALEX coverage of all sources but WASP-80. The GSC II screening reveals one Health Safety object, which is our target HAT-P-2. The BOT assumes a 05V star, however the star is of spectral type F8V. The target has been cleared with the ETC (Kurucz model - F8V + Lyman alpha estimate from the phase I proposal) and is more than four orders of magnitude below the safety limits. The GSC II screening also reveals one unknown object. It is on the axis between the target HAT-P-20 and the known faint red companion of the star. Since full GALEX coverage is available for the region, the unknown object may be ignored. Both object have been cleared with the CS. Therefore, it is safe to observe our target sample with STIS MAMA using the 52x0.2 arcsec slit with an arbitrary orientation angle. Real Time Justification ----------------------- Calibration Justification ------------------------- Additional Comments ------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13487( 2) - 26-Jun-2013 19:12:42 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 HD-146389 STAR, EXTRA-SOLAR RA=16H15M50.3340S, J2000 V = 9.39 PLANET, F3-F9 DEC=+10D01'56.86" Reference Frame: ICRS Comments: This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 HD-147506 STAR, EXTRA-SOLAR RA=16H20M36.3454S, J2000 V = 8.69 PLANET, F3-F9 DEC=+41D02'52.72" Reference Frame: ICRS Comments: This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 STKM-1-649-1 STAR, EXTRA-SOLAR RA=07H27M39.9490S, J2000 V = 11.339 PLANET, K V-IV DEC=+24D20'11.37" Reference Frame: ICRS Comments: This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 GSC-05490-00 STAR, EXTRA-SOLAR RA=10H19M38.0080S, J2000 V = 12.4 141 PLANET, K V-IV DEC=-09D48'22.59" Reference Frame: ICRS Comments: This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) 2000.0 -0.0029227028771761847 -0.0432 0.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 CCDM-J02286- STAR, EXTRA-SOLAR RA=02H28M37.2291S, J2000 V = 9.3 0704AB PLANET, G V-IV DEC=-07D03'38.45" Reference Frame: ICRS Comments: This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) 2000.0 0.006442187493461456 -0.0030 0.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 GSC-02752-00 STAR, EXTRA-SOLAR RA=23H15M58.3220S, J2000 V = 12.7 114 PLANET, K V-IV DEC=+31D27'45.88" Reference Frame: ICRS Comments: This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13487( 2) - 26-Jun-2013 19:12:42 - [ 4] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 CD-35-16019 STAR, EXTRA-SOLAR RA=23H59M36.0682S, J2000 V = 9.79 PLANET, G V-IV DEC=-35D01'52.86" Reference Frame: ICRS Comments: This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) 2000.0 0.008972062752708237 0.0077 0.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 TYC-5165-481 STAR, EXTRA-SOLAR RA=20H12M40.1780S, J2000 V = 11.87 -1 PLANET, K V-IV DEC=-02D08'39.15" Reference Frame: ICRS Comments: This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) 2000.0 -0.006671337785782408 -0.06 0.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13487( 2) - 26-Jun-2013 19:12:42 - [ 5] Visit: 01 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 HD-146389 STIS/CCD ACQ F28X50OII MIRROR ACQTYPE=POINT 1 5 S (5 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 HD-146389 STIS/FUV ACCUM 52X0.2D1 G140M 1222 WAVECAL=NO 1 1200 S -MAMA (1200 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ HD-146389 1 STIS/CCD ACQ F28X50OI MIRROR none none none none 1 N/A I HD-146389 2 STIS/FUV ACCUM 52X0.2D1 G140M 1222 none none none none 1 N/A -MAMA 13487( 2) - 26-Jun-2013 19:12:42 - [ 6] Visit: 02 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 HD-147506 STIS/CCD ACQ F28X50OII MIRROR ACQTYPE=POINT 1 2.0 S (2 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 HD-147506 STIS/FUV ACCUM 52X0.2D1 G140M 1222 WAVECAL=NO 1 1200 S -MAMA (1200 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ HD-147506 1 STIS/CCD ACQ F28X50OI MIRROR none none none none 1 N/A I HD-147506 2 STIS/FUV ACCUM 52X0.2D1 G140M 1222 none none none none 1 N/A -MAMA 13487( 2) - 26-Jun-2013 19:12:42 - [ 7] Visit: 03 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 STKM-1-649- STIS/CCD ACQ F28X50LP MIRROR ACQTYPE=POINT 1 0.1 S (0.1 1 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 STKM-1-649- STIS/FUV ACCUM 52X0.2D1 G140M 1222 WAVECAL=NO 1 1200 S 1 -MAMA (1200 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ STKM-1-649-1 1 STIS/CCD ACQ F28X50LP MIRROR none none none none 1 N/A STKM-1-649-1 2 STIS/FUV ACCUM 52X0.2D1 G140M 1222 none none none none 1 N/A -MAMA 13487( 2) - 26-Jun-2013 19:12:42 - [ 8] Visit: 04 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 GSC-05490-0 STIS/CCD ACQ F28X50LP MIRROR ACQTYPE=POINT 1 0.3 S (0.3 0141 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 GSC-05490-0 STIS/FUV ACCUM 52X0.2D1 G140M 1222 WAVECAL=NO 1 1200 S 0141 -MAMA (1200 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ GSC-05490-00141 1 STIS/CCD ACQ F28X50LP MIRROR none none none none 1 N/A GSC-05490-00141 2 STIS/FUV ACCUM 52X0.2D1 G140M 1222 none none none none 1 N/A -MAMA 13487( 2) - 26-Jun-2013 19:12:42 - [ 9] Visit: 05 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 CCDM-J02286 STIS/CCD ACQ F28X50LP MIRROR ACQTYPE=POINT 1 0.1 S (0.1 -0704AB S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 CCDM-J02286 STIS/FUV ACCUM 52X0.2D1 G140M 1222 WAVECAL=NO 1 1200 S -0704AB -MAMA (1200 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ CCDM-J02286-0704AB 1 STIS/CCD ACQ F28X50LP MIRROR none none none none 1 N/A CCDM-J02286-0704AB 2 STIS/FUV ACCUM 52X0.2D1 G140M 1222 none none none none 1 N/A -MAMA 13487( 2) - 26-Jun-2013 19:12:42 - [ 10] Visit: 06 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 GSC-02752-0 STIS/CCD ACQ F28X50LP MIRROR ACQTYPE=POINT 1 0.5 S (0.5 0114 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 GSC-02752-0 STIS/FUV ACCUM 52X0.2D1 G140M 1222 WAVECAL=NO 1 1200 S 0114 -MAMA (1200 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ GSC-02752-00114 1 STIS/CCD ACQ F28X50LP MIRROR none none none none 1 N/A GSC-02752-00114 2 STIS/FUV ACCUM 52X0.2D1 G140M 1222 none none none none 1 N/A -MAMA 13487( 2) - 26-Jun-2013 19:12:42 - [ 11] Visit: 07 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 CD-35-16019 STIS/CCD ACQ F28X50OII MIRROR ACQTYPE=POINT 1 5 S (5 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 CD-35-16019 STIS/FUV ACCUM 52X0.2D1 G140M 1222 WAVECAL=NO 1 1200 S -MAMA (1200 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ CD-35-16019 1 STIS/CCD ACQ F28X50OI MIRROR none none none none 1 N/A I CD-35-16019 2 STIS/FUV ACCUM 52X0.2D1 G140M 1222 none none none none 1 N/A -MAMA 13487( 2) - 26-Jun-2013 19:12:42 - [ 12] Visit: 08 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 TYC-5165-48 STIS/CCD ACQ F28X50LP MIRROR ACQTYPE=POINT 1 0.2 S (0.2 1-1 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 TYC-5165-48 STIS/FUV ACCUM 52X0.2D1 G140M 1222 WAVECAL=NO 1 1200 S 1-1 -MAMA (1200 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TYC-5165-481-1 1 STIS/CCD ACQ F28X50LP MIRROR none none none none 1 N/A TYC-5165-481-1 2 STIS/FUV ACCUM 52X0.2D1 G140M 1222 none none none none 1 N/A -MAMA 13487( 2) - 26-Jun-2013 19:12:42 - [ 13] Summary Form for Proposal 13487 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures 52X0.2D1, F28X50LP, F28X50OII ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations STIS/CCD, STIS/FUV-MAMA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACCUM, ACQ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters ACQTYPE=POINT, WAVECAL=NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements G140M, MIRROR ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names CCDM-J02286-0704AB, CD-35-16019, GSC-02752-00114, GSC-05490-00141, HD-146389, HD-147506, STKM-1-649-1, TYC-5165-481-1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------