13662( 2) - 25-Jul-2014 12:38:03 - [ 1] HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 13662 Version: 2 Check-in Time: 25-Jul-2014 12:38:03 STScI Edit Number: 0 Title Measuring the Black Hole Mass in the Brightest Cluster Galaxy NGC 1275 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Type Cycle GO 22 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Investigators Contact? PI: Dr. Aaron J. Barth University of California - Irvine Y CoI: Dr. Jonelle L. Walsh University of Texas at Austin N CoI: Benjamin Boizelle University of California - Irvine N CoI: Dr. Hai Fu University of Iowa N CoI: Dr. Remco van den Bosch Max-Planck-Institut fur Astronomie, N Heidelberg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract NGC 1275 is the brightest and most massive galaxy in the Perseus Cluster, and is an excellent laboratory in which to examine the processes of black hole fueling and feedback in a cluster core environment. Our goal is to carry out a direct measurement of the black hole mass in NGC 1275 using ionized gas dynamics, by resolving the H-alpha and [N II] kinematics within the black hole's dynamical sphere of influence. We request five orbits to carry out STIS G750M spectroscopy at five parallel positions of the 0.1 arcsec-wide slit, in order to map the ionized gas kinematics and measure the central mass using the same methods successfully used for other giant ellipticals such as M84 and M87. We will compare the ionized gas kinematics with our observations of the H_2 molecular kinematics recently measured at 0.02-arcsecond sampling with Keck adaptive optics data in order to better understand the interplay between the different components of the ISM in this complex environment. We also request one orbit for WFC3/IR imaging of NGC 1275 in order to measure its near-IR surface brightness profile with unprecedented depth and resolution and model the galaxy's stellar mass profile. The results of this work will provide the first accurate measurement of the black hole mass in this highly unusual brightest cluster galaxy. Together with new and planned Keck AO observations, these HST observations will provide a critical new test of black hole mass measurement techniques by direct comparison of ionized gas dynamics, molecular gas dynamics, and stellar dynamics, and NGC 1275 is a nearly unique example of a galaxy in which all three methods are feasible. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Observations Description ------------------------ Our goal is to map the kinematic structure of the nuclear ionized gas disk in the brightest cluster galaxy NGC 1275 using 5 parallel slit positions with STIS. We will use the 52X0.1E1 aperture in order to minimize charge-transfer losses. The G750M grating with central wavelength 6581 A will be used to cover the [OI], H-alpha, [NII], and [SII] lines. The major axis PA of the disk is approximately 68 degrees and we will request a STIS slit aligned to within +-15 degrees of this in order to best sample the disk kinematics. The AGN in the core of NGC 1275 is bright (V approx. 15.5 mag) and pointlike. We will use a point source acquisition followed by a peakup in the 0.1"-wide slit to center 13662( 2) - 25-Jul-2014 12:38:03 - [ 2] the slit on the nucleus. Following the peakup, we will obtain 3 observations with the slit centered on the nucleus, dithered by 3 pixels along the slit between exposures using a STIS-ALONG-SLIT pattern. Subsequently in each of the next four orbits we will offset the slit in the direction perpendicular to the slit length and then obtain 4 dithered exposures at each offset slit position. These perpendicular offsets will be done using POS-TARG moves at the start of each subsequent orbit to positions offset by +-0.1 and +-0.2 arcsec from the central position. This will produce a densely filled map of the ionized gas kinematics in the circumnuclear disk. Individual STIS exposures will be 600-700 sec in order to keep the number of cosmic-ray hits to a level that is suitable for cleaning. Each orbit will include the standard auto-wavecal. Our STIS exposure times are tuned to fill each orbit completely. Using WFC3/IR and the F160W filter, we will use 1 orbit to obtain a wide-field mosaic of NGC 1275 to measure the galaxy's surface brightness profile. We will mosaic the galaxy in a 2x2 pattern using POS-TARG moves. This will cover a total field of view of about 3.5 x 3.5 arcmin^2 which is sufficient to cover the main body of the galaxy, with the galaxy's central region contained within the overlap region (approx. 30x30 arcsec^2) between the four mosaic positions. At each of the four mosaic positions, we will carry out two dithered exposures using the WFC3-IR-DITHER-LINE pattern. Exposures will be done using the STEP100 sampling pattern and NSAMP=8 which will provide a high dynamic range and a total exposure time of 400 sec at each mosaic position, with no time lost to buffer dump overheads. In order to ensure that we have an unsaturated image of the bright nucleus, we will then obtain a series of RAPID-mode exposures using the IRSUB128 subarray. Using a 4-point WFC3-IR-DITHER-BOX-MIN pattern, we will obtain 4 RAPID exposures at each dither position. This will provide a total exposure time of 28.8 seconds in RAPID mode with 16 individual exposures of 1.8 sec each. There are no orientation constraints for the WFC3/IR visit. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13662( 2) - 25-Jul-2014 12:38:03 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 NGC-1275 GALAXY, ELLIPTICAL, RA=03H19M48.1601S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = 5264 V = 12.48 NLR, NUCLEUS, RADIO DEC=+41D30'42.10" +/- 0.1" GALAXY Reference Frame: ICRS Comments: ICRS coordinates for this source are from Ma et al. 1998 (AJ 116, 516) and are measured via VLBI. This target is listed as an "other" source in the ICRF reference frame by Ma et al. with a positional uncertainty of approximately 3 mas. Coordinates of the nucleus in archival WFPC2/PC and ACS images agree with these VLBI coordinates to within 0.1 arcsec. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13662( 2) - 25-Jul-2014 12:38:03 - [ 4] Patterns ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pattern_Number: 1 Primary_Pattern Secondary_Pattern Pattern_Type STIS-ALONG-SLIT Pattern_Purpose DITHER Number_Of_Points 3 Point_Spacing 0.15 Line_Spacing Coordinate_Frame POS-TARG Pattern_Orient 90.0 Angle_Between_Sides Center_Pattern NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pattern_Number: 2 Primary_Pattern Secondary_Pattern Pattern_Type STIS-ALONG-SLIT Pattern_Purpose DITHER Number_Of_Points 4 Point_Spacing 0.15 Line_Spacing Coordinate_Frame POS-TARG Pattern_Orient 90.0 Angle_Between_Sides Center_Pattern NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pattern_Number: 4 Primary_Pattern Secondary_Pattern Pattern_Type WFC3-IR-DITHER-LINE Pattern_Purpose DITHER Number_Of_Points 2 Point_Spacing 0.636 Line_Spacing Coordinate_Frame POS-TARG Pattern_Orient 41.788 Angle_Between_Sides Center_Pattern NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pattern_Number: 5 Primary_Pattern Secondary_Pattern Pattern_Type WFC3-IR-DITHER-BOX-MIN Pattern_Purpose DITHER Number_Of_Points 4 Point_Spacing 0.572 Line_Spacing 0.365 Coordinate_Frame POS-TARG Pattern_Orient 18.528 Angle_Between_Sides 74.653 Center_Pattern NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13662( 2) - 25-Jul-2014 12:38:03 - [ 5] Visit: 01 Visit Requirements: ORIENT 98D TO 128 D; ORIENT 278D TO 308 D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 NGC-1275 STIS/CCD ACQ F28X50LP MIRROR ACQTYPE=POINT 1 10 S (10 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 NGC-1275 STIS/CCD ACQ/PEA 52X0.1E1 MIRROR 1 10 S (10 K S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 NGC-1275 STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.1E1 G750M 6581 CR-SPLIT=NO 1 641 S POS TARG 0, 0; PATTERN 1 (1923 S) 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 NGC-1275 STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.1E1 G750M 6581 CR-SPLIT=NO 1 695 S POS TARG 0.2, 0; PATTERN (2780 S) 2 4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 NGC-1275 STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.1E1 G750M 6581 CR-SPLIT=NO 1 695 S POS TARG 0.1, 0; PATTERN (2780 S) 2 5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 NGC-1275 STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.1E1 G750M 6581 CR-SPLIT=NO 1 695 S POS TARG -0.1, 0; (2780 S) PATTERN 2 6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 NGC-1275 STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.1E1 G750M 6581 CR-SPLIT=NO 1 694 S POS TARG -0.2, 0; (2776 S) PATTERN 2 7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ NGC-1275 1 STIS/CCD ACQ F28X50LP MIRROR none none none none 1 N/A NGC-1275 2 STIS/CCD ACQ/PEA 52X0.1E1 MIRROR none none none none 1 N/A K NGC-1275 3 STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.1E1 G750M 6581 1 none none none 1 N/A NGC-1275 3 STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.1E1 G750M 6581 2 none none none 1 N/A NGC-1275 3 STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.1E1 G750M 6581 3 none none none 1 N/A NGC-1275 4 STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.1E1 G750M 6581 1 none none none 2 N/A NGC-1275 4 STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.1E1 G750M 6581 2 none none none 2 N/A NGC-1275 4 STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.1E1 G750M 6581 3 none none none 2 N/A NGC-1275 4 STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.1E1 G750M 6581 4 none none none 2 N/A NGC-1275 5 STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.1E1 G750M 6581 1 none none none 3 N/A NGC-1275 5 STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.1E1 G750M 6581 2 none none none 3 N/A NGC-1275 5 STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.1E1 G750M 6581 3 none none none 3 N/A NGC-1275 5 STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.1E1 G750M 6581 4 none none none 3 N/A NGC-1275 6 STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.1E1 G750M 6581 1 none none none 4 N/A 13662( 2) - 25-Jul-2014 12:38:03 - [ 6] Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ NGC-1275 6 STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.1E1 G750M 6581 2 none none none 4 N/A NGC-1275 6 STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.1E1 G750M 6581 3 none none none 4 N/A NGC-1275 6 STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.1E1 G750M 6581 4 none none none 4 N/A NGC-1275 7 STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.1E1 G750M 6581 1 none none none 5 N/A NGC-1275 7 STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.1E1 G750M 6581 2 none none none 5 N/A NGC-1275 7 STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.1E1 G750M 6581 3 none none none 5 N/A NGC-1275 7 STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.1E1 G750M 6581 4 none none none 5 N/A 13662( 2) - 25-Jul-2014 12:38:03 - [ 7] Visit: 02 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 NGC-1275 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR-FIX F160W NSAMP=8, SAMP-SEQ=STEP100 1 DEF POS TARG -47.46, -42.42; CUM (398.462 PATTERN 4 1 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 NGC-1275 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR-FIX F160W NSAMP=8, SAMP-SEQ=STEP100 1 DEF POS TARG 47.46, -42.42; CUM (398.462 PATTERN 4 2 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 NGC-1275 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR-FIX F160W NSAMP=8, SAMP-SEQ=STEP100 1 DEF POS TARG -47.46, 42.42; CUM (398.462 PATTERN 4 3 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 NGC-1275 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR-FIX F160W NSAMP=8, SAMP-SEQ=STEP100 1 DEF POS TARG 47.46, 42.42; CUM (398.462 PATTERN 4 4 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 NGC-1275 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IRSUB128- F160W NSAMP=15, SAMP-SEQ=RAPID 1 DEF (6.762 PATTERN 5 5-8 CUM FIX S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 NGC-1275 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IRSUB128- F160W NSAMP=15, SAMP-SEQ=RAPID 1 DEF (6.762 CUM FIX S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 NGC-1275 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IRSUB128- F160W NSAMP=15, SAMP-SEQ=RAPID 1 DEF (6.762 CUM FIX S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 NGC-1275 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IRSUB128- F160W NSAMP=15, SAMP-SEQ=RAPID 1 DEF (6.762 CUM FIX S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ NGC-1275 1 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR-FIX F160W 1 none none none 1 N/A CUM NGC-1275 1 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR-FIX F160W 2 none none none 1 N/A CUM NGC-1275 2 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR-FIX F160W 1 none none none 1 N/A CUM NGC-1275 2 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR-FIX F160W 2 none none none 1 N/A CUM 13662( 2) - 25-Jul-2014 12:38:03 - [ 8] Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ NGC-1275 3 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR-FIX F160W 1 none none none 1 N/A CUM NGC-1275 3 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR-FIX F160W 2 none none none 1 N/A CUM NGC-1275 4 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR-FIX F160W 1 none none none 1 N/A CUM NGC-1275 4 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR-FIX F160W 2 none none none 1 N/A CUM NGC-1275 5 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IRSUB128 F160W 1 none none none 1 N/A CUM -FIX NGC-1275 5 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IRSUB128 F160W 2 none none none 1 N/A CUM -FIX NGC-1275 5 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IRSUB128 F160W 3 none none none 1 N/A CUM -FIX NGC-1275 5 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IRSUB128 F160W 4 none none none 1 N/A CUM -FIX NGC-1275 6 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IRSUB128 F160W 1 none none none 1 N/A CUM -FIX NGC-1275 6 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IRSUB128 F160W 2 none none none 1 N/A CUM -FIX NGC-1275 6 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IRSUB128 F160W 3 none none none 1 N/A CUM -FIX NGC-1275 6 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IRSUB128 F160W 4 none none none 1 N/A CUM -FIX NGC-1275 7 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IRSUB128 F160W 1 none none none 1 N/A CUM -FIX NGC-1275 7 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IRSUB128 F160W 2 none none none 1 N/A CUM -FIX NGC-1275 7 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IRSUB128 F160W 3 none none none 1 N/A CUM -FIX NGC-1275 7 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IRSUB128 F160W 4 none none none 1 N/A CUM -FIX NGC-1275 8 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IRSUB128 F160W 1 none none none 1 N/A CUM -FIX NGC-1275 8 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IRSUB128 F160W 2 none none none 1 N/A CUM -FIX NGC-1275 8 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IRSUB128 F160W 3 none none none 1 N/A CUM -FIX NGC-1275 8 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IRSUB128 F160W 4 none none none 1 N/A CUM -FIX 13662( 2) - 25-Jul-2014 12:38:03 - [ 9] Summary Form for Proposal 13662 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures 52X0.1E1, F28X50LP, IR-FIX, IRSUB128-FIX ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations STIS/CCD, WFC3/IR ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACCUM, ACQ, ACQ/PEAK, MULTIACCUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters ACQTYPE=POINT, CR-SPLIT=NO, NSAMP=15, NSAMP=8, SAMP-SEQ=RAPID, SAMP-SEQ=STEP100 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements ORIENT 278D TO 308 D, ORIENT 98D TO 128 D, PATTERN 1 3, PATTERN 2 4, PATTERN 2 5, PATTERN 2 6, PATTERN 2 7, PATTERN 4 1, PATTERN 4 2, PATTERN 4 3, PATTERN 4 4, PATTERN 5 5-8, POS TARG -0.1, 0, POS TARG -0.2, 0, POS TARG -47.46, -42.42, POS TARG -47.46, 42.42, POS TARG 0, 0, POS TARG 0.1, 0, POS TARG 0.2, 0, POS TARG 47.46, -42.42, POS TARG 47.46, 42.42 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F160W, G750M, MIRROR ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names NGC-1275 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------