14188( 3) - 01-Aug-2016 10:34:19 - [ 1] HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 14188 Version: 3 Check-in Time: 01-Aug-2016 10:34:19 STScI Edit Number: 0 Title Exometeorology: Characterizing Weather on a Young Free-Floating Planet ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Type Cycle GO 23 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Investigators Contact? PI: Dr. Beth Biller University of Edinburgh, Institute for Y Astronomy CoI: Dr. Ian Crossfield University of California - Santa Cruz N CoI: Dr. Esther Buenzli Eidgenossiche Technische Hochschule (ETH) N CoI: Dr. Michael C. Liu University of Hawaii N CoI: Dr. Katelyn Allers Bucknell University N CoI: Dr. Trent J. Dupuy University of Texas at Austin N CoI: Johanna Vos University of Edinburgh, Institute for N Astronomy CoI: Dr. Joshua Schlieder NASA Ames Research Center N CoI: Ms. Elena Manjavacas Max-Planck-Institut fur Astronomie, N Heidelberg CoI: Dr. Derek Homeier Zentrum fur Astronomie - Universitat N Heidelberg CoI: Dr. Mariangela Bonavita Royal Observatory Edinburgh N CoI: Dr. Mickael Bonnefoy Max-Planck-Institut fur Astronomie, N Heidelberg CoI: Dr. France Allard Centre de Recherche Astronomique de Lyon N CoI: Mrs. Taisiya Kopytova Max Planck Institute for Astronomy N CoI: Dr. Niall Deacon Max-Planck-Institut fur Astronomie, N Heidelberg CoI: Dr. Wolfgang Brandner Max-Planck-Institut fur Astronomie, N Heidelberg CoI: Prof. Thomas K. Henning Max-Planck-Institut fur Astronomie, N Heidelberg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract Variability attributed to cloud structure is a persistent feature for L and T type field brown dwarfs. Directly imaged planets occupy the same temperature regime as L and T type brown dwarfs and are likely to be equally variable. As part of our ongoing NTT SOFI survey for variability in young free-floating planets and low mass brown dwarfs, we detect significant variability in a young, free-floating planetary mass object, likely due to rotational modulation of inhomogeneous cloud cover. This is the first such detection in a bonafide planetary mass object -- here we propose for HST and Spitzer followup to pinpoint the source of the observed variability and determine the rotational period of the object. Due to its low surface gravity, while this object has a late L spectral type, it has an ``early/mid T'' Teff<1200 K. We will directly test the effect of low surface gravity on observed variability. If variability matches that found in objects with similar spectral type but higher surface gravity -- i.e. high-level hazes observed in mid L dwarfs by Yang et al. 2015 -- we expect similar variability amplitudes in all bands. If variability is due to inhomogeneous clouds as found in higher gravity T dwarfs with similar Teff 14188( 3) - 01-Aug-2016 10:34:19 - [ 2] (Buenzli et al. 2015, Apai et al. 2013), we expect variability to be strongest in broadband J and H and have lower amplitudes within the 1.4 um water absorption feature (only observable from space). As ground-based searches for brown dwarf variability only have sensitivities to >2-3% variability, we require the proven photometric stability of HST and Spitzer (sensitivity down to <0.5% variability) to be sensitive to small differences between bands. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Observations Description ------------------------ We are observing a free-floating young planet with WFC3 IR slitless spectroscopy with grism G141 to confirm and characterize time variability found from the ground. With an expected period of 5-20 hours, this target should be observed for 5 consecutive orbits to maximize coverage of as much of a rotational period as possible. At the beginning of each orbit, a direct image is taken for wavelength calibration. This target will be observed simulateously with Spitzer and thus scheduling must be coordinated. Orient ranges have been set to avoid background stars at PA~45 degrees. PRM, July 29, 2016: I tried a full-frame version of the program instead of the 256x256 subarray. Because SPARS25 can be parallel dumped, we get good packing. Do to idiosyncracies of APT and pointing maneuvers for certain apertures, I used GRISM1024 for each of the exposures (both direct imaging and grism). I didn't bother to fill in partial (smaller NSAMP) version of the same exposures to fill the orbits, but the PI should do so in a version to be submitted. Note the total exposure time is longer for both the direct image and the spectra, and as intended, the field of view is much larger (16 times in area) which may be helpful for extracting comparison star photometry or using the 0th order or 2nd order spectra of the objects for photometry. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14188( 3) - 01-Aug-2016 10:34:19 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 PSO318-22 STAR, BROWN DWARF, RA=21H14M8.0260S, J2000 JHKs=16.7, 15.7, 14.7 EXTRA-SOLAR PLANET DEC=-22D51'35.84" Reference Frame: ICRS Extended: NO Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) 2000 0.009933542119834902 -0.1387 0.0407 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14188( 3) - 01-Aug-2016 10:34:19 - [ 4] Visit: 01 Visit Requirements: ORIENT 91D TO 261 D; ORIENT 271D TO 81 D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: This 5-orbit visit should be coordinated with simultaneous Spitzer observations (17.6 Spitzer hours awarded, so there is a fairly long range of overlap). Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 PSO318-22 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 F127M NSAMP=3, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS25 1 DEF SEQ 1-3 NON-INT CUM (52.933 S) Comments: short exposure to determine target position in grism aperture. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 PSO318-22 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 G141 NSAMP=12, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS25 9 DEF CUM (2501.442 S) Comments: science exposures for variability monitoring ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 PSO318-22 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 G141 NSAMP=3, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS25 1 DEF CUM (52.933 S) Comments: science exposures for variability monitoring ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 PSO318-22 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 F127M NSAMP=3, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS25 1 DEF SEQ 4-6 NON-INT CUM (52.933 S) Comments: short exposure to determine target position in grism aperture. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 PSO318-22 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 G141 NSAMP=12, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS25 9 DEF CUM (2501.442 S) Comments: science exposures for variability monitoring ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 PSO318-22 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 G141 NSAMP=7, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS25 1 DEF CUM (152.935 S) Comments: science exposures for variability monitoring ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 PSO318-22 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 F127M NSAMP=3, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS25 1 DEF SEQ 7-9 NON-INT CUM (52.933 S) Comments: short exposure to determine target position in grism aperture. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 PSO318-22 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 G141 NSAMP=12, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS25 9 DEF CUM (2501.442 S) Comments: science exposures for variability monitoring ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14188( 3) - 01-Aug-2016 10:34:19 - [ 5] Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9 PSO318-22 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 G141 NSAMP=7, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS25 1 DEF CUM (152.935 S) Comments: science exposures for variability monitoring ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 PSO318-22 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 F127M NSAMP=3, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS25 1 DEF SEQ 10-12 NON-INT CUM (52.933 S) Comments: short exposure to determine target position in grism aperture. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11 PSO318-22 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 G141 NSAMP=12, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS25 9 DEF CUM (2501.442 S) Comments: science exposures for variability monitoring ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12 PSO318-22 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 G141 NSAMP=7, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS25 1 DEF CUM (152.935 S) Comments: science exposures for variability monitoring ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13 PSO318-22 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 F127M NSAMP=3, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS25 1 DEF SEQ 13-15 NON-INT CUM (52.933 S) Comments: short exposure to determine target position in grism aperture. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14 PSO318-22 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 G141 NSAMP=12, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS25 9 DEF CUM (2501.442 S) Comments: science exposures for variability monitoring ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 15 PSO318-22 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 G141 NSAMP=7, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS25 1 DEF CUM (152.935 S) Comments: science exposures for variability monitoring ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ PSO318-22 1 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 F127M none none none none 1 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 2 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 1 none 1 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 2 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 2 none 1 N/A CUM 4 14188( 3) - 01-Aug-2016 10:34:19 - [ 6] Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ PSO318-22 2 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 3 none 1 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 2 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 4 none 1 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 2 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 5 none 1 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 2 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 6 none 1 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 2 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 7 none 1 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 2 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 8 none 1 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 2 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 9 none 1 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 3 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none none none 1 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 4 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 F127M none none none none 2 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 5 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 1 none 2 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 5 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 2 none 2 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 5 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 3 none 2 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 5 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 4 none 2 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 5 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 5 none 2 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 5 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 6 none 2 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 5 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 7 none 2 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 5 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 8 none 2 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 5 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 9 none 2 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 6 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none none none 2 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 7 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 F127M none none none none 3 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 8 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 1 none 3 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 8 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 2 none 3 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 8 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 3 none 3 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 8 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 4 none 3 N/A CUM 4 14188( 3) - 01-Aug-2016 10:34:19 - [ 7] Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ PSO318-22 8 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 5 none 3 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 8 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 6 none 3 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 8 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 7 none 3 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 8 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 8 none 3 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 8 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 9 none 3 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 9 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none none none 3 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 10 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 F127M none none none none 4 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 11 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 1 none 4 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 11 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 2 none 4 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 11 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 3 none 4 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 11 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 4 none 4 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 11 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 5 none 4 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 11 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 6 none 4 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 11 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 7 none 4 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 11 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 8 none 4 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 11 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 9 none 4 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 12 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none none none 4 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 13 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 F127M none none none none 5 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 14 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 1 none 5 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 14 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 2 none 5 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 14 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 3 none 5 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 14 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 4 none 5 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 14 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 5 none 5 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 14 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 6 none 5 N/A CUM 4 14188( 3) - 01-Aug-2016 10:34:19 - [ 8] Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ PSO318-22 14 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 7 none 5 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 14 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 8 none 5 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 14 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none 9 none 5 N/A CUM 4 PSO318-22 15 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none none none 5 N/A CUM 4 14188( 3) - 01-Aug-2016 10:34:19 - [ 9] Summary Form for Proposal 14188 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures GRISM1024 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations WFC3/IR ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes MULTIACCUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters NSAMP=12, NSAMP=3, NSAMP=7, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS25 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements ORIENT 271D TO 81 D, ORIENT 91D TO 261 D, SEQ 1-3 NON-INT, SEQ 10-12 NON-INT, SEQ 13-15 NON-INT, SEQ 4-6 NON-INT, SEQ 7-9 NON-INT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F127M, G141 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names PSO318-22 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------