14202( 6) - 09-Sep-2015 13:04:52 - [ 1] HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 14202 Version: 6 Check-in Time: 09-Sep-2015 13:04:52 STScI Edit Number: 3 Title The Unprecedented Supernova Metamorphosis of SN 2014C ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Type Cycle GO 23 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Investigators Contact? PI: Dr. Dan Milisavljevic Smithsonian Institution Astrophysical Y Observatory CoI: Dr. Raffaella Margutti Harvard University N CoI: Dr. Atish Kamble Harvard University N CoI: Dr. Daniel J. Patnaude Smithsonian Institution Astrophysical N Observatory CoI: Dr. Michael Bietenholz York University N CoI: Dr. Jerod Parrent Harvard University N CoI: Prof. Alicia M. Soderberg Harvard University N CoI: Prof. Robert P. Kirshner Harvard University N CoI: Mr. Peter Challis Harvard University N CoI: Dr. John C. Raymond Smithsonian Institution Astrophysical N Observatory CoI: Dr. Wen-fai Fong University of Arizona N CoI: Prof. Claes Fransson Stockholm University N CoI: Dr. Ashley Zauderer Harvard University N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract Recent observations of major eruptions preluding supernova explosions within one year of core collapse have challenged long held notions of stellar evolution. These events are not easily explained by our current understanding of the physical mechanisms that drive mass loss in evolved massive stars, and the disconnect between theory and observation presents a real problem for many fields of research that depend on the predictions of stellar evolution models. Our group has been leading an extensive X-ray-through-radio monitoring campaign of a unique supernova metamorphosis -- SN 2014C -- that extends the poorly understood timescale between intensified mass loss and core collapse. A crucial component of our multi-wavelength investigation is UV spectroscopy and high-resolution UV/optical imaging, which only HST can deliver. The combined data set will enable a global understanding of the SN explosion and its delayed interaction with surrounding circumstellar material, as well as a detailed examination of the mass loss and evolutionary transitions a massive star may undergo in its final stages approaching core collapse. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Observations Description ------------------------ HST observations are to be obtained of supernova SN 2014C. This is a fading source (~0.1 mag per month) that shows strong emission lines. Imaging will map immediate stellar and gaseous environment of supernova progenitor system and pinpoint precise location. Spectroscopy will probe the UV emission anticipated to arise from the supernova's interaction with surrounding circumstellar material. 14202( 6) - 09-Sep-2015 13:04:52 - [ 2] Three visits are planned: Visit 1: Imaging with WFC3/UVIS with filters F275W, F438W, F814W, and F657N Visit 2: Spectroscopy with STIS/CCD with G230LB and G430L Visit 3: Spectroscopy with COS/FUV G130M (1300) and G160M (1589) **Visit 1 and 2 should be scheduled together and will be used to estimate the FUV flux in order to plan Visit 3 which should be scheduled ~ 1 month later. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14202( 6) - 09-Sep-2015 13:04:52 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SN2014C STAR, SUPERNOVA, RA=22H37M5.6000S +/- 0.4", J2000 V = 19 +/- 1 SUPERNOVA TYPE IB DEC=+34D24'31.90" +/- 0.4" Reference Frame: ICRS Extended: NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SN2014C-COPY STAR, SUPERNOVA, RA=22H37M5.6370S +/- 0.4", J2000 V = 19 +/- 1 SUPERNOVA TYPE IB DEC=+34D24'31.57" +/- 0.4" Reference Frame: ICRS Extended: NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14202( 6) - 09-Sep-2015 13:04:52 - [ 4] Patterns ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pattern_Number: 1 Primary_Pattern Secondary_Pattern Pattern_Type WFC3-UVIS-DITHER-LINE-3PT Pattern_Purpose DITHER Number_Of_Points 3 Point_Spacing 0.135 Line_Spacing Coordinate_Frame POS-TARG Pattern_Orient 46.84 Angle_Between_Sides Center_Pattern NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pattern_Number: 2 Primary_Pattern Secondary_Pattern Pattern_Type WFC3-UVIS-DITHER-BOX Pattern_Purpose DITHER Number_Of_Points 4 Point_Spacing 0.173 Line_Spacing 0.112 Coordinate_Frame POS-TARG Pattern_Orient 23.884 Angle_Between_Sides 81.785 Center_Pattern NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pattern_Number: 3 Primary_Pattern Secondary_Pattern Pattern_Type STIS-ALONG-SLIT Pattern_Purpose DITHER Number_Of_Points 3 Point_Spacing 0.3 Line_Spacing Coordinate_Frame POS-TARG Pattern_Orient 90.0 Angle_Between_Sides Center_Pattern NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pattern_Number: 4 Primary_Pattern Secondary_Pattern Pattern_Type STIS-ALONG-SLIT Pattern_Purpose DITHER Number_Of_Points 2 Point_Spacing 0.7 Line_Spacing Coordinate_Frame POS-TARG Pattern_Orient 90.0 Angle_Between_Sides Center_Pattern NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14202( 6) - 09-Sep-2015 13:04:52 - [ 5] Visit: 01 Visit Requirements: SEQ 01, 02 WITHIN 3 D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SN2014C WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F438W FLASH=8 1 460 S PATTERN 1 1-2 S (1380 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SN2014C WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F814W FLASH=1 1 450 S S (1350 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 SN2014C WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F275W FLASH=12 1 486 S PATTERN 2 3-4 S (1944 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 SN2014C WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F657N FLASH=12 1 480 S S (1920 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 SN2014C WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F657N FLASH=12 1 480 S (480 S S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SN2014C 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F438W 1 none none none 1 N/A S SN2014C 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F438W 2 none none none 1 N/A S SN2014C 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F438W 3 none none none 1 N/A S SN2014C 2 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F814W 1 none none none 1 N/A S SN2014C 2 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F814W 2 none none none 1 N/A S SN2014C 2 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F814W 3 none none none 2 N/A S SN2014C 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F275W 1 none none none 2 N/A S SN2014C 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F275W 2 none none none 2 N/A S SN2014C 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F275W 3 none none none 3 N/A S SN2014C 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F275W 4 none none none 3 N/A S 14202( 6) - 09-Sep-2015 13:04:52 - [ 6] Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SN2014C 4 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F657N 1 none none none 2 N/A S SN2014C 4 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F657N 2 none none none 2 N/A S SN2014C 4 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F657N 3 none none none 3 N/A S SN2014C 4 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F657N 4 none none none 3 N/A S SN2014C 5 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F657N none none none none 3 N/A S 14202( 6) - 09-Sep-2015 13:04:52 - [ 7] Visit: 02 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SN2014C STIS/CCD ACQ F28X50LP MIRROR 1 60 S (60 S) Comments: Acqusition for faint SN with estimated r = 20.0 mag at time of observation. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SN2014C STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.2E1 G430L 4300 CR-SPLIT=NO 1 503 S PATTERN 3 2 (1509 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 SN2014C STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.2E1 G430L 4300 CR-SPLIT=NO 1 503 S (503 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 SN2014C STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.2E1 G230LB 2375 CR-SPLIT=NO 1 538 S PATTERN 3 4 (1614 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 SN2014C STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.2E1 G230LB 2375 CR-SPLIT=NO 1 538 S PATTERN 4 5 (1076 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SN2014C 1 STIS/CCD ACQ F28X50LP MIRROR none none none none 1 N/A SN2014C 2 STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.2E1 G430L 4300 1 none none none 1 N/A SN2014C 2 STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.2E1 G430L 4300 2 none none none 1 N/A SN2014C 2 STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.2E1 G430L 4300 3 none none none 1 N/A SN2014C 3 STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.2E1 G430L 4300 none none none none 1 N/A SN2014C 4 STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.2E1 G230LB 2375 1 none none none 2 N/A SN2014C 4 STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.2E1 G230LB 2375 2 none none none 2 N/A SN2014C 4 STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.2E1 G230LB 2375 3 none none none 2 N/A SN2014C 5 STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.2E1 G230LB 2375 1 none none none 2 N/A SN2014C 5 STIS/CCD ACCUM 52X0.2E1 G230LB 2375 2 none none none 2 N/A 14202( 6) - 09-Sep-2015 13:04:52 - [ 8] Visit: 03 Visit Requirements: AFTER 02 BY 60.0 D TO 365.0 D; ON HOLD FOR 02 On Hold Comments: Visit 3 must be scheduled after Visit 2. We require STIS spectra from Visit 2 to estimate the FUV flux from the supernova in order to correctly estimate exposure times and instrument configuration for COS. We prefer to also have Visit 1 completed before Visit 2 so that accurate coordinates (< 0.4 arcsec) can be determined and avoid use of offset star for COS target acquisition. Additional Comments: This visit will be scheduled after Visits 1 and 2 are completed. Visit 1 and 2 will provide measure of UV flux to estimate proper observing strategy for COS for Visit 3. Exposure times and BUFFER-TIMEs presently inputted (17 July 2015) are placeholders until accurate values can be estimated from observations obtained in Visit 1 and 2. Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SN2014C-COP COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORA 1 860 S (860 Y GE S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SN2014C-COP COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 BUFFER-TIME=845, FP-POS=1 1 845 S (845 Y G S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 SN2014C-COP COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 BUFFER-TIME=845, FP-POS=2 1 845 S (845 Y G S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 SN2014C-COP COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 BUFFER-TIME=845, FP-POS=3 1 845 S (845 Y G S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 SN2014C-COP COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 BUFFER-TIME=845, FP-POS=4 1 845 S (845 Y G S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 SN2014C-COP COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 BUFFER-TIME=845, FP-POS=2 1 845 S (845 Y G S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 SN2014C-COP COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 BUFFER-TIME=845, FP-POS=3 1 845 S (845 Y G S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 SN2014C-COP COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 BUFFER-TIME=845, FP-POS=4 1 845 S (845 Y G S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SN2014C-COPY 1 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORA none none none none 1 N/A GE SN2014C-COPY 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 none none none none 1 N/A G 14202( 6) - 09-Sep-2015 13:04:52 - [ 9] Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SN2014C-COPY 3 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 none none none none 2 N/A G SN2014C-COPY 4 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 none none none none 2 N/A G SN2014C-COPY 5 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 none none none none 2 N/A G SN2014C-COPY 6 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 none none none none 3 N/A G SN2014C-COPY 7 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 none none none none 3 N/A G SN2014C-COPY 8 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 none none none none 3 N/A G 14202( 6) - 09-Sep-2015 13:04:52 - [ 10] Summary Form for Proposal 14202 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures 52X0.2E1, F28X50LP, PSA, UVIS2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations COS/FUV, COS/NUV, STIS/CCD, WFC3/UVIS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACCUM, ACQ, ACQ/IMAGE, TIME-TAG ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters BUFFER-TIME=845, CR-SPLIT=NO, FLASH=1, FLASH=12, FLASH=8, FP-POS=1, FP-POS=2, FP-POS=3, FP-POS=4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements AFTER 02 BY 60.0 D TO 365.0 D, ON HOLD FOR 02, PATTERN 1 1-2, PATTERN 2 3-4, PATTERN 3 2, PATTERN 3 4, PATTERN 4 5, SEQ 01, 02 WITHIN 3 D ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F275W, F438W, F657N, F814W, G140L, G230LB, G430L, MIRROR, MIRRORA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names SN2014C, SN2014C-COPY ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------