14205( 4) - 06-Oct-2015 10:44:08 - [ 1] HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 14205 Version: 4 Check-in Time: 06-Oct-2015 10:44:08 STScI Edit Number: 1 Title Early Quiescent Galaxies Under the Magnifying Glass ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Type Cycle GO 23 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Investigators Contact? PI: Dr. Andrew B. Newman Carnegie Institution of Washington Y CoI: Prof. Richard S. Ellis California Institute of Technology N CoI: Sirio Belli California Institute of Technology N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract By a redshift of z~2, half of the massive galaxy (>10^11 Msol) population consists of systems with little or no star formation and physical sizes that are remarkably small (~1 kpc) for their mass. Much effort has been devoted to understanding the star-forming progenitors of these "red nuggets" and their substantial growth in size over the last 11 Gyr. However, major questions remain. A key barrier is our inability to resolve the structure and dynamics of these compact galaxies, which are only marginally resolved even with HST. This proposal addresses this limitation by harnessing gravitational lensing. We propose observations of two spectroscopically confirmed quiescent galaxies at z=2-3 that are magnified by foreground clusters. By coupling this magnification with HST resolution, our proposed observations with allow us to: (1) Resolve the central stellar densities of these galaxies within half of the effective radius, thereby stringently testing the hypothesized "inside out" growth paradigm and constraining the physical mechanisms driving size growth; (2) Probe the homogeneity of the stellar populations of these compact galaxies by measuring color gradients within ~1 kpc; (3) Construct lens models to interpret existing spatially-resolved NIR spectroscopy and measure resolved stellar kinematics for the first time in these systems. Our proposed targets are rare and valuable resources that provide the only route toward better resolving the internal structure of z>2 quiescent galaxies in advance of JWST. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Observations Description ------------------------ MACSJ0150.3-1005: One orbit of WFC3-IR imaging is divided between F160W and F125W filers. A four-point dither pattern is used for each filter to achieve optimal subpixel sampling. The BCG of the cluster is placed at the center of the array. PSZ1-G295.24-21.55: One orbit of WFC3-IR imaging is divided between F160W and F105W filters and is otherwise the same as for MACSJ0150 above. Two orbits of ACS imaging are equally divided between the F814W and F555W filters. Each ACS orbit employs a three-point ACS-WFC-DITHER-LINE pattern in order to span the chip gap and provide CR rejection. The BCG complex is placed at the WFC aperture above the chip gap. 2015 October 5: Added some ORIENT restrictions to avoid diffraction spikes from H~11 stars potentially affecting the main target in the WFC3-IR observations, as suggested by Contact Scientist Russell Ryan. These should not reduce 14205( 4) - 06-Oct-2015 10:44:08 - [ 2] schedulability. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14205( 4) - 06-Oct-2015 10:44:08 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 MACSJ0150.3- CLUSTER OF GALAXIES, RA=01H50M21.2700S, J2000 Z = V = 20 1005 GRAVITATIONAL LENS DEC=-10D05'30.00" 0.365 Reference Frame: ICRS Comments: Centered on BCG. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 PSZ1-G295.24 CLUSTER OF GALAXIES, RA=09H18M51.0600S, J2000 V = 20 -21.55 GRAVITATIONAL LENS DEC=-81D03'4.00" Reference Frame: ICRS Comments: Centered on BCGs. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14205( 4) - 06-Oct-2015 10:44:08 - [ 4] Patterns ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pattern_Number: 1 Primary_Pattern Secondary_Pattern Pattern_Type WFC3-IR-DITHER-BOX-MIN Pattern_Purpose DITHER Number_Of_Points 4 Point_Spacing 0.572 Line_Spacing 0.365 Coordinate_Frame POS-TARG Pattern_Orient 18.528 Angle_Between_Sides 74.653 Center_Pattern NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pattern_Number: 2 Primary_Pattern Secondary_Pattern Pattern_Type ACS-WFC-DITHER-LINE Pattern_Purpose DITHER Number_Of_Points 3 Point_Spacing 3.011 Line_Spacing Coordinate_Frame POS-TARG Pattern_Orient 85.28 Angle_Between_Sides Center_Pattern YES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14205( 4) - 06-Oct-2015 10:44:08 - [ 5] Visit: 01 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 MACSJ0150.3 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR-FIX F160W NSAMP=11, SAMP-SEQ=STEP50 1 DEF GS ACQ SCENARIO BASE1B3; -1005 CUM (1196.93 PATTERN 1 1 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 MACSJ0150.3 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR-FIX F125W NSAMP=11, SAMP-SEQ=STEP50 1 DEF PATTERN 1 2 -1005 CUM (1196.93 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ MACSJ0150.3-1005 1 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR-FIX F160W 1 none none none 1 N/A CUM MACSJ0150.3-1005 1 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR-FIX F160W 2 none none none 1 N/A CUM MACSJ0150.3-1005 1 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR-FIX F160W 3 none none none 1 N/A CUM MACSJ0150.3-1005 1 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR-FIX F160W 4 none none none 1 N/A CUM MACSJ0150.3-1005 2 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR-FIX F125W 1 none none none 1 N/A CUM MACSJ0150.3-1005 2 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR-FIX F125W 2 none none none 1 N/A CUM MACSJ0150.3-1005 2 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR-FIX F125W 3 none none none 1 N/A CUM MACSJ0150.3-1005 2 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR-FIX F125W 4 none none none 1 N/A CUM 14205( 4) - 06-Oct-2015 10:44:08 - [ 6] Visit: 02 Visit Requirements: ORIENT 38D TO 49 D; ORIENT 59D TO 118 D; ORIENT 128D TO 139 D; ORIENT 149D TO 208 D; ORIENT 218D TO 229 D; ORIENT 239D TO 298 D; ORIENT 308D TO 319 D; ORIENT 329D TO 28 D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 PSZ1-G295.2 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR-FIX F160W SAMP-SEQ=STEP50, NSAMP=12 1 DEF PATTERN 1 1 4-21.55 CUM (1396.932 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 PSZ1-G295.2 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR-FIX F105W NSAMP=12, SAMP-SEQ=STEP50 1 DEF PATTERN 1 2 4-21.55 CUM (1396.932 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ PSZ1-G295.24-21.55 1 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR-FIX F160W 1 none none none 1 N/A CUM PSZ1-G295.24-21.55 1 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR-FIX F160W 2 none none none 1 N/A CUM PSZ1-G295.24-21.55 1 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR-FIX F160W 3 none none none 1 N/A CUM PSZ1-G295.24-21.55 1 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR-FIX F160W 4 none none none 1 N/A CUM PSZ1-G295.24-21.55 2 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR-FIX F105W 1 none none none 1 N/A CUM PSZ1-G295.24-21.55 2 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR-FIX F105W 2 none none none 1 N/A CUM PSZ1-G295.24-21.55 2 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR-FIX F105W 3 none none none 1 N/A CUM PSZ1-G295.24-21.55 2 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR-FIX F105W 4 none none none 1 N/A CUM 14205( 4) - 06-Oct-2015 10:44:08 - [ 7] Visit: 03 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 PSZ1-G295.2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F555W 1 908 S PATTERN 2 1 4-21.55 (2724 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 PSZ1-G295.2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 1 960 S PATTERN 2 2 4-21.55 (2880 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ PSZ1-G295.24-21.55 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F555W 1 none none none 1 N/A PSZ1-G295.24-21.55 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F555W 2 none none none 1 N/A PSZ1-G295.24-21.55 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F555W 3 none none none 1 N/A PSZ1-G295.24-21.55 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 1 none none none 2 N/A PSZ1-G295.24-21.55 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 2 none none none 2 N/A PSZ1-G295.24-21.55 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 3 none none none 2 N/A 14205( 4) - 06-Oct-2015 10:44:08 - [ 8] Summary Form for Proposal 14205 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures IR-FIX, WFC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations ACS/WFC, WFC3/IR ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACCUM, MULTIACCUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters NSAMP=11, NSAMP=12, SAMP-SEQ=STEP50 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements GS ACQ SCENARIO BASE1B3, ORIENT 128D TO 139 D, ORIENT 149D TO 208 D, ORIENT 218D TO 229 D, ORIENT 239D TO 298 D, ORIENT 308D TO 319 D, ORIENT 329D TO 28 D, ORIENT 38D TO 49 D, ORIENT 59D TO 118 D, PATTERN 1 1, PATTERN 1 2, PATTERN 2 1, PATTERN 2 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F105W, F125W, F160W, F555W, F814W ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names MACSJ0150.3-1005, PSZ1-G295.24-21.55 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------