14228( 4) - 28-Jun-2016 21:30:27 - [ 1] HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 14228 Version: 4 Check-in Time: 28-Jun-2016 21:30:27 STScI Edit Number: 1 Title Thermal Equilibration and Cosmic-Ray Acceleration in Astrophysical Shocks: UV Spectra of the SN1006 Remnant ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Type Cycle GO 23 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Investigators Contact? PI: Dr. John Charles Raymond Smithsonian Institution Astrophysical Y Observatory CoI: Dr. P. Frank Winkler Middlebury College N CoI: J. Martin Laming Naval Research Laboratory N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract Two outstanding questions about the physics of interstellar shock waves are 1) the degree of thermal equilibration among electrons and different ions and 2) efficiency of transfer of energy from the thermal plasma to energetic particles---cosmic rays. Those questions are closely related in that both processes depend upon plasma turbulence in the shock. The degree of thermal equilibration is also important for diagnostics of shock speed based on measured electron or proton temperatures. We propose to observe a fast shock in SN1006 to measure the kinetic temperatures of He, C and N from the widths of the He II, C IV and N V line profiles. It is known from HUT and FUSE observations that the plasma behind a 2300 km/s shocks in SN1006 is far from equilibrium, with He, C and O temperatures roughly mass-proportional (4, 12 and 16 times the proton temperature, respectively), rather than approximately equal to the proton temperature as full equilibration would dictate. By contrast, the He and C temperatures ARE close to equilibrium with the protons in a 350 km/s shock in the Cygnus Loop. However, the existing measurements for SN1006 are quite uncertain, and only one other measurement of ion temperatures in a fast collisionless shock exists. The proposed observation will tighten the constraints on thermal equilibration by factors of 4 to 6. SN1006 is the only Galactic SNR with fast shocks and low enough reddening to be observable in the UV, and we have identified a filament twice as bright and 25% faster than the region studied previously. Thus spectroscopy with COS provides a unique opportunity to attack this problem. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Observations Description ------------------------ We wish to obtain a COS spectrum with the G140L grating (1105 center) of a fast shock wave in the supernova remnant SN1006. We will spend the full 15 orbit allocation on this one position because it is very faint. The objective is to measure the widths of the He II, C IV and N V lines to determine the kinetic temperatures of those ions. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14228( 4) - 28-Jun-2016 21:30:27 - [ 2] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SN1006-T1 ISM, EMISSION LINE RA=15H01M51.1630S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = 0 V = 23 +/- 1 5.3e-15 erg/(cm2 s NEBULA, SHOCK FRONT, DEC=-41D48'17.42" +/- 0.1" arcsec2) in C IV 1550 A line SNR Reference Frame: ICRS Extended: YES Comments: The position and proper motion are based on an H alpha image obtiained at Gemini in April 2015. That image has better seeing that the ones we used before, and we used it to refine the position and proper motion. We also estimate that the He II and C IV emission peak about 0.56" behind (SE from) the H alpha filament, and we itake that into account in the target position given. Because the target is faint and extended, it will not be possible to peak up the couunts diring acquisition. As noted in the Phase I proposal, there is an 8th magnitude star, HD132689, about 60" SW of the target position. Because it is a cool giant, it should be faint in the UV, but it might affect the planning for the acquistion. I am ignoring the warnings about inefficient ordering of FP positions because last time around I was told to do so. I am ignoring the warnings about target acquisition because this is an extended target that is to faint to show up as a significant increase in the count rate. Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) 2015.3 -0.023789729740919825 +0.281 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14228( 4) - 28-Jun-2016 21:30:27 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SN1006-T1-AL ISM, EMISSION LINE RA=15H01M51.1388S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = 0 V = 23 +/- 1 5.3e-15 erg/(cm2 s TERNATE NEBULA, SHOCK FRONT, DEC=-41D48'16.49" +/- 0.1" arcsec2) in C IV 1550 A line SNR Reference Frame: ICRS Extended: YES Comments: The position and proper motion are based on an H alpha image obtiained at Gemini in April 2015. That image has better seeing that the ones we used before, and we used it to refine the position and proper motion. We also estimate that the He II and C IV emission peak about 0.56" behind (SE from) the H alpha filament, and we itake that into account in the target position given. Because the target is faint and extended, it will not be possible to peak up the couunts diring acquisition. As noted in the Phase I proposal, there is an 8th magnitude star, HD132689, about 60" SW of the target position. Because it is a cool giant, it should be faint in the UV, but it might affect the planning for the acquistion. I am ignoring the warnings about inefficient ordering of FP positions because last time around I was told to do so. I am ignoring the warnings about target acquisition because this is an extended target that is to faint to show up as a significant increase in the count rate. Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) 2015.3 -0.023789633821633606 +0.281 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14228( 4) - 28-Jun-2016 21:30:27 - [ 4] Visit: 01 (visit1) Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: First visit to SN1006-T1. 5 orbits, each with 4 FP-SPLITs. Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SN1006-T1 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1105 FP-POS=ALL, BUFFER-TIME=1.0e4 1 3000 S G see below (11971 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SN1006-T1 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1105 FP-POS=1, BUFFER-TIME=1.0e4 1 3000 S G see below (3019 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SN1006-T1 1 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1105 none none none 1 1 2908.0 S G SN1006-T1 1 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1105 none none none 2 2 3021.0 S G SN1006-T1 1 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1105 none none none 3 3 3021.0 S G SN1006-T1 1 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1105 none none none 4 4 3021.0 S G SN1006-T1 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1105 none none none none 5 3019.0 S G 14228( 4) - 28-Jun-2016 21:30:27 - [ 5] Visit: 02 (visit 2) Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SN1006-T1 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1105 FP-POS=ALL, BUFFER-TIME=1.0e4 1 3200 S G see below (11971 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SN1006-T1 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1105 FP-POS=2, BUFFER-TIME=1.0e4 1 3000 S G see below (3019 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SN1006-T1 1 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1105 none none none 1 1 2908.0 S G SN1006-T1 1 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1105 none none none 2 2 3021.0 S G SN1006-T1 1 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1105 none none none 3 3 3021.0 S G SN1006-T1 1 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1105 none none none 4 4 3021.0 S G SN1006-T1 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1105 none none none none 5 3019.0 S G 14228( 4) - 28-Jun-2016 21:30:27 - [ 6] Visit: 03 (visit3) Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SN1006-T1 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1105 FP-POS=ALL, BUFFER-TIME=1.0e4 1 3200 S G see below (11971 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SN1006-T1 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1105 FP-POS=3, BUFFER-TIME=1.0e4 1 3000 S G see below (3019 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SN1006-T1 1 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1105 none none none 1 1 2908.0 S G SN1006-T1 1 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1105 none none none 2 2 3021.0 S G SN1006-T1 1 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1105 none none none 3 3 3021.0 S G SN1006-T1 1 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1105 none none none 4 4 3021.0 S G SN1006-T1 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1105 none none none none 5 3019.0 S G 14228( 4) - 28-Jun-2016 21:30:27 - [ 7] Visit: 12 (visit 2 alternate) Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SN1006-T1-A COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1105 FP-POS=ALL, BUFFER-TIME=1.0e4 1 3200 S LTERNATE G see below (11971 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SN1006-T1-A COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1105 FP-POS=2, BUFFER-TIME=1.0e4 1 3000 S LTERNATE G see below (3019 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SN1006-T1-ALTERNATE 1 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1105 none none none 1 1 2908.0 S G SN1006-T1-ALTERNATE 1 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1105 none none none 2 2 3021.0 S G SN1006-T1-ALTERNATE 1 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1105 none none none 3 3 3021.0 S G SN1006-T1-ALTERNATE 1 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1105 none none none 4 4 3021.0 S G SN1006-T1-ALTERNATE 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1105 none none none none 5 3019.0 S G 14228( 4) - 28-Jun-2016 21:30:27 - [ 8] Visit: 13 (visit3 alternate) Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SN1006-T1-A COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1105 FP-POS=ALL, BUFFER-TIME=1.0e4 1 3200 S LTERNATE G see below (11971 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SN1006-T1-A COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1105 FP-POS=3, BUFFER-TIME=1.0e4 1 3000 S LTERNATE G see below (3019 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SN1006-T1-ALTERNATE 1 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1105 none none none 1 1 2908.0 S G SN1006-T1-ALTERNATE 1 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1105 none none none 2 2 3021.0 S G SN1006-T1-ALTERNATE 1 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1105 none none none 3 3 3021.0 S G SN1006-T1-ALTERNATE 1 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1105 none none none 4 4 3021.0 S G SN1006-T1-ALTERNATE 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1105 none none none none 5 3019.0 S G 14228( 4) - 28-Jun-2016 21:30:27 - [ 9] Summary Form for Proposal 14228 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures PSA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations COS/FUV ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes TIME-TAG ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters BUFFER-TIME=1.0e4, FP-POS=1, FP-POS=2, FP-POS=3, FP-POS=ALL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements G140L ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names SN1006-T1, SN1006-T1-ALTERNATE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------