14696( 3) - 23-Aug-2016 21:03:13 - [ 1] HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 14696 Version: 3 Check-in Time: 23-Aug-2016 21:03:13 STScI Edit Number: 0 Title The Physics of the Jets of Powerful Radio Galaxies and Quasars ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Type Cycle GO 24 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Investigators Contact? PI: Prof. Eric S. Perlman Florida Institute of Technology Y CoI: Dr. Markos Georganopoulos University of Maryland Baltimore County N CoI: Dr. William B. Sparks Space Telescope Science Institute N CoI: Dr. John A. Biretta Eureka Scientific Inc. N CoI: Dr. Christopher P. O'Dea University of Manitoba N CoI: Dr. Stefi A. Baum University of Manitoba N CoI: Dr. Chi C. Cheung Naval Research Laboratory N CoI: Prof. Mark Birkinshaw University of Bristol N CoI: Dr. Diana M. Worrall University of Bristol N CoI: Dr. Andre Martel Space Telescope Science Institute N CoI: Prof. Claudia Megan Urry Yale University N CoI: Dr. Lukasz Stawarz Astronomical Observatory Jagiellonian N Univ. CoI: Prof. Paolo Coppi Yale University N CoI: Dr. Yasunobu Uchiyama Rikkyo University N CoI: Dr. Mihai Cara Space Telescope Science Institute N CoI: Dr. Klaus Meisenheimer Max-Planck-Institut fur Astronomie, N Heidelberg CoI: Prof. Mitchell C. Begelman University of Colorado at Boulder N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract We propose HST polarimetry of the jet of PKS 0637-752. This object represents the quasar jet with the most extreme SED, thought to be the most Compton dominated of all, and now that the IC/CMB model appears to be ruled out (thanks in large part to our discovery of high optical polarization in the knots of the PKS 1136-135 jet), it provides an excellent opportunity to test the applicability of synchrotron models for jet X-ray emission in even the most extreme circumstances. While the synchrotron model does not have the extreme requirements of exceptionally fast flows (Gamma>30) at hundreds of kpc, tiny viewing angle (only a few degrees) and super-Eddington kinetic power, it does require particles to be accelerated up to at least tens of TeV and hence radiative lifetimes as short as a few years. Polarization is a critical parameter for understanding jet flows, and only HST has the resolution and capability to perform this measurement. The data will confirm which mechanisms are operating to create its optical and X-ray emission, and will show locations where the magnetic fields are being structured by shocks and shears. Comparison with in-hand radio polarimetry at matched resolution will untangle whether the optical and radio emitting particle populations occupy the same or different volumes, as in lower power jets where this was discovered using our earlier HST polarimetry. Additional Chandra observations will also look for spectral curvature and possible variability in the X-rays, which could give us additional information about the high-energy synchrotron component. 14696( 3) - 23-Aug-2016 21:03:13 - [ 2] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Observations Description ------------------------ The goal of this program is to obtain HST polarimetry of the PKS0637-752 jet using the ACS/WFC + POLVIS + F606W filters. The program also proposes to obtain deeper imaging (120 ks exposure time with ACIS) of the PKS 0637-752 jet with Chandra to complement the data that already exist and allow for modeling of the X-ray spectrum of all components. We are using F606W because it gives the optimal mix between rejection of cross-polarized light and high throughput of parallel polarized light with the POLVIS filters. It also gives the best compromise between total count rate, jet-to-galaxy ratio, and polarizer fidelity. This is critically important because we will need to do the highest quality galaxy subtraction possible prior to combining the three polarizer observations to obtain Stokes I, Q and U images. We will do sub-pixel dithering as specified below, and combine the images with astrodrizzle. This technique is well tested, and will allow us to achieve the full ~ 0.05'' resolution which HST is capable of at 6000 Angstroms. In order to achieve maximum observing efficiency, we will not CR-SPLIT at each dither position. Instead we will rely on the multiple dither positions to subtract out both cosmic rays and hot pixels. The observations have been constructed in a very simple way. All long integrations with the same POL filter are in a single visit. Thus POL0 observations are in Visit 01, POL60 observations are in Visit 02, and POL120 observations are in Visit 03. Each of these visits use a standard, 4-point ACS-WFC-DITHER-BOX pattern. In all of them, we are doing two exposures per orbit - a short, 60s exposure for PSF calibration, and a longer one of 2830s which is our main science exposure. In addition, the exposure order maximizes the efficiency by placing all readouts either during Earth-shadow times or long exposures. The observations in Visit 04 are for calibration purposes. There, we obtain a 1-orbit image of the source, giving us a check on the flux and polarization calibration. We used this strategy successfully in our previous ACS polarization programs 9847, 11138 and 13764. The Visit 04 observations use a standard, 3-point ACS-WFC-DITHER-LINE pattern, and are CR-SPLIT to minimize cosmic ray double-hit pixels. We have specified four fairly wide, 40 degree orientation windows so that the jet can be placed near to or along a chip diagonal. We have required SAME-ORIENT so that the chip is then oriented identically and the jet is in the same chip quadrant in all four visits, thus minimizing calibration issues. This was recommended by Andre' Martel, a member of the team and also a previous member of the ACS instrument team. Finally, we are requiring that all four visits occur within 14 days of one another to minimize any effect from variability of components. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14696( 3) - 23-Aug-2016 21:03:13 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 QSO-J0635-75 GALAXY, JET, QSO, RA=06H35M46.5144S +/- 1", J2000 V = 15.75 16 QUASAR DEC=-75D16'16.74" +/- 1" Reference Frame: Other: SIMBAD Comments: This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14696( 3) - 23-Aug-2016 21:03:13 - [ 4] Patterns ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pattern_Number: 2 Primary_Pattern Secondary_Pattern Pattern_Type ACS-WFC-DITHER-BOX Pattern_Purpose DITHER Number_Of_Points 4 Point_Spacing 0.262 Line_Spacing 0.192 Coordinate_Frame POS-TARG Pattern_Orient 18.39 Angle_Between_Sides 68.14 Center_Pattern YES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pattern_Number: 3 Primary_Pattern Secondary_Pattern Pattern_Type ACS-WFC-DITHER-LINE Pattern_Purpose DITHER Number_Of_Points 3 Point_Spacing 3.034 Line_Spacing Coordinate_Frame POS-TARG Pattern_Orient 85.29 Angle_Between_Sides Center_Pattern YES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14696( 3) - 23-Aug-2016 21:03:13 - [ 5] Visit: 01 (POL0) Visit Requirements: ORIENT 22.2D TO 62.2 D; ORIENT 112.2D TO 152.2 D; ORIENT 202.2D TO 242.2 D; ORIENT 292.2D TO 332.2 D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 QSO-J0635-7 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 1 60 S (435 PATTERN 2 1-2 516 POL0V S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 QSO-J0635-7 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, CR-SPLIT=2 1 2690 S 516 POL0V (11150 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ QSO-J0635-7516 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 1 none none none 1 N/A POL0V QSO-J0635-7516 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 2 none none none 2 125.0 S POL0V QSO-J0635-7516 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 3 none none none 3 125.0 S POL0V QSO-J0635-7516 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 4 none none none 4 125.0 S POL0V QSO-J0635-7516 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 1 none none 1 1 N/A POL0V QSO-J0635-7516 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 1 none none 2 1 N/A POL0V QSO-J0635-7516 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 2 none none 1 2 1410.0 S POL0V QSO-J0635-7516 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 2 none none 2 2 1410.0 S POL0V QSO-J0635-7516 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 3 none none 1 3 1410.0 S POL0V QSO-J0635-7516 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 3 none none 2 3 1410.0 S POL0V QSO-J0635-7516 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 4 none none 1 4 1410.0 S POL0V QSO-J0635-7516 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 4 none none 2 4 1410.0 S POL0V 14696( 3) - 23-Aug-2016 21:03:13 - [ 6] Visit: 02 (POL60) Visit Requirements: SAME ORIENT AS 01; AFTER 01 BY 0 D TO 14 D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 QSO-J0635-7 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 1 60 S (435 PATTERN 2 1-2 516 POL60V S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 QSO-J0635-7 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, CR-SPLIT=2 1 2690 S 516 POL60V (11150 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ QSO-J0635-7516 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 1 none none none 1 N/A POL60V QSO-J0635-7516 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 2 none none none 2 125.0 S POL60V QSO-J0635-7516 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 3 none none none 3 125.0 S POL60V QSO-J0635-7516 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 4 none none none 4 125.0 S POL60V QSO-J0635-7516 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 1 none none 1 1 N/A POL60V QSO-J0635-7516 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 1 none none 2 1 N/A POL60V QSO-J0635-7516 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 2 none none 1 2 1410.0 S POL60V QSO-J0635-7516 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 2 none none 2 2 1410.0 S POL60V QSO-J0635-7516 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 3 none none 1 3 1410.0 S POL60V QSO-J0635-7516 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 3 none none 2 3 1410.0 S POL60V QSO-J0635-7516 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 4 none none 1 4 1410.0 S POL60V QSO-J0635-7516 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 4 none none 2 4 1410.0 S POL60V 14696( 3) - 23-Aug-2016 21:03:13 - [ 7] Visit: 03 (POL120) Visit Requirements: SAME ORIENT AS 01; AFTER 01 BY 0 D TO 14 D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 QSO-J0635-7 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 1 60 S (435 PATTERN 2 1-2 516 POL120V S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 QSO-J0635-7 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, CR-SPLIT=2 1 2690 S 516 POL120V (11150 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ QSO-J0635-7516 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 1 none none none 1 N/A POL120V QSO-J0635-7516 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 2 none none none 2 125.0 S POL120V QSO-J0635-7516 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 3 none none none 3 125.0 S POL120V QSO-J0635-7516 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 4 none none none 4 125.0 S POL120V QSO-J0635-7516 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 1 none none 1 1 N/A POL120V QSO-J0635-7516 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 1 none none 2 1 N/A POL120V QSO-J0635-7516 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 2 none none 1 2 1410.0 S POL120V QSO-J0635-7516 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 2 none none 2 2 1410.0 S POL120V QSO-J0635-7516 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 3 none none 1 3 1410.0 S POL120V QSO-J0635-7516 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 3 none none 2 3 1410.0 S POL120V QSO-J0635-7516 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 4 none none 1 4 1410.0 S POL120V QSO-J0635-7516 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W, 4 none none 2 4 1410.0 S POL120V 14696( 3) - 23-Aug-2016 21:03:13 - [ 8] Visit: 04 (Calibration) Visit Requirements: AFTER 01 BY 0 D TO 14 D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 QSO-J0635-7 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W CR-SPLIT=2 1 764 S PATTERN 3 1 516 (2292 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ QSO-J0635-7516 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W 1 none none 1 1 N/A QSO-J0635-7516 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W 1 none none 2 1 N/A QSO-J0635-7516 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W 2 none none 1 1 N/A QSO-J0635-7516 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W 2 none none 2 1 N/A QSO-J0635-7516 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W 3 none none 1 1 N/A QSO-J0635-7516 1 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F606W 3 none none 2 1 N/A 14696( 3) - 23-Aug-2016 21:03:13 - [ 9] Summary Form for Proposal 14696 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures WFC1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations ACS/WFC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACCUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters CR-SPLIT=2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements AFTER 01 BY 0 D TO 14 D, ORIENT 112.2D TO 152.2 D, ORIENT 202.2D TO 242.2 D, ORIENT 22.2D TO 62.2 D, ORIENT 292.2D TO 332.2 D, PATTERN 2 1-2, PATTERN 3 1, SAME ORIENT AS 01 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F606W, POL0V, POL120V, POL60V ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names QSO-J0635-7516 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------