14728( 3) - 31-Oct-2016 15:01:28 - [ 1] HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 14728 Version: 3 Check-in Time: 31-Oct-2016 15:01:28 STScI Edit Number: 0 Title Hearts of Darkness: Compact Obscured Nuclei in S0/a Galaxies ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Type Cycle GO 24 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Investigators Contact? PI: Prof. John S. Gallagher III University of Wisconsin - Madison Y CoI: Prof. Susanne Aalto Chalmers University of Technology N CoI: Dr. Kazushi Sakamoto Academia Sinica, Institute of Astronomy N and Astrophysics CoI: Dr. Sabine Koenig Chalmers University of Technology N CoI: Dr. Sebastien Muller Onsala Space Observatory N CoI: Prof. Aaron S. Evans The University of Virginia N CoI: Dr. Youichi Ohyama Academia Sinica, Institute of Astronomy N and Astrophysics ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract Recent high angular resolution millimeter observations have revealed extrordinary features in the centers of nearby S0/a galaxies. These nuclei are compact (< 100 pc) and heavily obscured by ~1E7-1E8 Msun of dense, dusty gas at levels that challenge ALMA. The three archetypal compact obscured nuclei (CONs) that we are targeting for HST UVOIR imaging are luminous FIR sources without obvious starbursts which suggests that the CONs are associated with AGN in a previously unrecognized type of SMBH growth phase. Our molecular line observations detect substantial molecular inflows and outflows from our targeted CONs, including a highly collimated molecular jet in NGC 1377; these systems are in dynamic states with significant momentum transfers within their gas. Because of the challenges associated with directly observing CONs even at millimeter wavelengths, these objects are best studied through their effects on the surrounding environment. Thus, we propose to obtain WFC3 HST imaging in the UVOIR to extend our understanding of the relationship between CONs and their host systems. The primary objectives of this HST project include measuring dust absorption to map the 3D structure of the ISM out to kiloparsec scales and to thereby constrain the mechanisms responsible for the dynamic behavior of the gas. The unique resolution and wavelength coverage of WFC3 images also will allow us to explore dust-to-gas ratios and CO-H2 conversion factors, assess the levels of recent star formation and seek evidence of past galaxy interactions which might produce CONs in otherwise quiescent galaxies. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Observations Description ------------------------ Our goal is to obtain multi-wavelength images of 3 galaxies hosting compact nuclei that are heavily obscured by dust. The small scale structure of the interstellar media in the central regions is being explored, primarily through a combination of Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) and Sub-Miilimeter Array (SMA) moecular line observations. These have few-to-sub-arcsecond angular resolution and excellent astrometric calibrations. A prime objective is to compare dust features with the millimeter maps. The dust can provid 14728( 3) - 31-Oct-2016 15:01:28 - [ 2] einformation on the spatial distribution of the dense gas through analysis of optical depths and foreground brightness levels that require a substantial wavelength baseline, while the millimeter data track gas column densities, temperatures, and kinematics. We therefore require careful placement of the WFC3/UVIS aperture to avoid areas with lower image quality, and will seek the best possible astrometric solutions for the comparison with the millimeter maps. A second objective involves connections between the nuclei and kpc-scale thin dust lanes observed in ground-based optical images. These extend typically 30-40 arcseconds in radius and thus we can center ona single WFC3 CCD and not worry about specifying an orient. The 3rd objective is to study the spectral energy distribution of the host galaxy (spectra indicate central regions have post-starburst properties) through color maps. These will need to be convolved with reasonable PSFs to allow us to compare across the angular resolution difference of a factor of ~4 between the F336W and F160W observations. In addition we will search for intermediate age star clusters that could be remnants of a past starburst through SED fits to surrounding sources identified by angular size and color. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14728( 3) - 31-Oct-2016 15:01:28 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 NGC-1377 GALAXY, LENTICULAR, RA=03H36M39.0770S +/- 1", J2000 V = 13 +/- 0.3 NUCLEUS, WIND DEC=-20D54'8.14" +/- 1" Reference Frame: Other: SIMBAD Extended: YES Comments: This object was generated by the target selector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 NGC-4355 GALAXY, LENTICULAR RA=12H26M54.6280S, J2000 V = 13.37 DEC=-00D52'39.51" Reference Frame: Other: SIMBAD Comments: This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 CGCG-049-057 GALAXY, LENTICULAR RA=15H13M13.0944S, J2000 V = 15 DEC=+07D13'31.84" Reference Frame: Other: NED Comments: This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the NED database. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14728( 3) - 31-Oct-2016 15:01:28 - [ 4] Patterns ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pattern_Number: 1 Primary_Pattern Secondary_Pattern Pattern_Type WFC3-UVIS-DITHER-LINE Pattern_Purpose DITHER Number_Of_Points 2 Point_Spacing 0.145 Line_Spacing Coordinate_Frame POS-TARG Pattern_Orient 46.84 Angle_Between_Sides Center_Pattern NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pattern_Number: 2 Primary_Pattern Secondary_Pattern Pattern_Type WFC3-UVIS-DITHER-LINE-3PT Pattern_Purpose DITHER Number_Of_Points 3 Point_Spacing 0.135 Line_Spacing Coordinate_Frame POS-TARG Pattern_Orient 46.84 Angle_Between_Sides Center_Pattern NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pattern_Number: 3 Primary_Pattern Secondary_Pattern Pattern_Type WFC3-IR-DITHER-BLOB Pattern_Purpose DITHER Number_Of_Points 2 Point_Spacing 5.183 Line_Spacing Coordinate_Frame POS-TARG Pattern_Orient 41.859 Angle_Between_Sides Center_Pattern YES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14728( 3) - 31-Oct-2016 15:01:28 - [ 5] Visit: 01 (NGC1377) Visit Requirements: ORIENT 35D TO 102.5 D; ORIENT 122.5D TO 192.5 D; ORIENT 212.5D TO 272 D; ORIENT 302.5D TO 12.5 D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 NGC-1377 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F336W FLASH=9.0 1 865 S PATTERN 2 1 S (2595 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 NGC-1377 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F555W 1 600 S PATTERN 1 2-3 S (1200 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 NGC-1377 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F814W 1 645 S S (1290 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 NGC-1377 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F128N SAMP-SEQ=SPARS50, NSAMP=11 1 DEF PATTERN 3 4-7 CUM (1005.874 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 NGC-1377 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F164N SAMP-SEQ=SPARS50, NSAMP=7 1 DEF CUM (605.87 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 NGC-1377 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F125W SAMP-SEQ=SPARS50, NSAMP=8 1 DEF CUM (705.871 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 NGC-1377 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W SAMP-SEQ=SPARS25, NSAMP=8 1 DEF CUM (355.872 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ NGC-1377 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F336W 1 none none none 1 N/A S NGC-1377 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F336W 2 none none none 1 N/A S NGC-1377 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F336W 3 none none none 1 N/A S NGC-1377 2 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F555W 1 none none none 2 N/A S NGC-1377 2 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F555W 2 none none none 2 N/A S 14728( 3) - 31-Oct-2016 15:01:28 - [ 6] Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ NGC-1377 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F814W 1 none none none 2 N/A S NGC-1377 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F814W 2 none none none 2 N/A S NGC-1377 4 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F128N 1 none none none 3 N/A CUM NGC-1377 4 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F128N 2 none none none 3 N/A CUM NGC-1377 5 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F164N 1 none none none 3 N/A CUM NGC-1377 5 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F164N 2 none none none 3 N/A CUM NGC-1377 6 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F125W 1 none none none 3 N/A CUM NGC-1377 6 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F125W 2 none none none 3 N/A CUM NGC-1377 7 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W 1 none none none 3 N/A CUM NGC-1377 7 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W 2 none none none 3 N/A CUM 14728( 3) - 31-Oct-2016 15:01:28 - [ 7] Visit: 02 (NGC4355) Visit Requirements: ORIENT 40.8D TO 110.8 D; ORIENT 130.8D TO 145 D; ORIENT 180D TO 200 D; ORIENT 220.8D TO 290.8 D; ORIENT 310.8D TO 20.8 D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 NGC-4355 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F336W FLASH=11 1 850 S PATTERN 2 1 S (2550 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 NGC-4355 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F555W 1 480 S (960 PATTERN 1 2-3 S S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 NGC-4355 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F814W 1 500 S S (1000 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 NGC-4355 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F125W SAMP-SEQ=SPARS25, NSAMP=7 1 DEF PATTERN 3 4 CUM (305.871 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ NGC-4355 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F336W 1 none none none 1 N/A S NGC-4355 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F336W 2 none none none 1 N/A S NGC-4355 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F336W 3 none none none 1 N/A S NGC-4355 2 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F555W 1 none none none 2 N/A S NGC-4355 2 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F555W 2 none none none 2 N/A S NGC-4355 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F814W 1 none none none 2 N/A S NGC-4355 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F814W 2 none none none 2 N/A S NGC-4355 4 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F125W 1 none none none 2 N/A CUM NGC-4355 4 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F125W 2 none none none 2 N/A CUM 14728( 3) - 31-Oct-2016 15:01:28 - [ 8] Visit: 03 (CGCG-049-057) Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 CGCG-049-05 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F336W FLASH=11 1 850 S PATTERN 2 1 7 S (2550 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 CGCG-049-05 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F555W 1 480 S (960 PATTERN 1 2-3 7 S S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 CGCG-049-05 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F814W 1 500 S 7 S (1000 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 CGCG-049-05 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F125W NSAMP=7, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS25 1 DEF PATTERN 3 4 7 CUM (305.871 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ CGCG-049-057 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F336W 1 none none none 1 N/A S CGCG-049-057 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F336W 2 none none none 1 N/A S CGCG-049-057 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F336W 3 none none none 1 N/A S CGCG-049-057 2 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F555W 1 none none none 2 N/A S CGCG-049-057 2 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F555W 2 none none none 2 N/A S CGCG-049-057 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F814W 1 none none none 2 N/A S CGCG-049-057 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2 F814W 2 none none none 2 N/A S CGCG-049-057 4 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F125W 1 none none none 2 N/A CUM CGCG-049-057 4 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F125W 2 none none none 2 N/A CUM 14728( 3) - 31-Oct-2016 15:01:28 - [ 9] Summary Form for Proposal 14728 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures IR, UVIS2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations WFC3/IR, WFC3/UVIS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACCUM, MULTIACCUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters FLASH=11, FLASH=9.0, NSAMP=11, NSAMP=7, NSAMP=8, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS25, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS50 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements ORIENT 122.5D TO 192.5 D, ORIENT 130.8D TO 145 D, ORIENT 180D TO 200 D, ORIENT 212.5D TO 272 D, ORIENT 220.8D TO 290.8 D, ORIENT 302.5D TO 12.5 D, ORIENT 310.8D TO 20.8 D, ORIENT 35D TO 102.5 D, ORIENT 40.8D TO 110.8 D, PATTERN 1 2-3, PATTERN 2 1, PATTERN 3 4, PATTERN 3 4-7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F125W, F128N, F160W, F164N, F336W, F555W, F814W ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names CGCG-049-057, NGC-1377, NGC-4355 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------