14731( 5) - 29-Aug-2016 16:02:11 - [ 1] HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 14731 Version: 5 Check-in Time: 29-Aug-2016 16:02:11 STScI Edit Number: 0 Title Si I and C I emission from zeta Aurigae (K4 Ib + B5 V): New Generation Diagnostics of Chromospheric Structure ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Type Cycle GO 24 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Investigators Contact? PI: Dr. Graham M. Harper University of Colorado at Boulder Y CoI: Dr. Philip D. Bennett Eureka Scientific Inc. N CoI: Dr. Alexander Brown University of Colorado at Boulder N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract Zeta Aur eclipsing binaries provide the most detailed spatial information about the extended atmospheres of red supergiants. During chromospheric eclipse phases quantitative information about densities, temperatures, turbulence, and ionization have been obtained. However, detailed information about the atmosphere can also be obtained away from eclipse when the hemisphere illuminated by the ultraviolet continuum of the companion is visible from Earth. New Si I and C I diagnostics can provide spatially-resolved information on the velocity fields in the deepest layers yet measured for a K4 Ib star . We propose to observe the zeta Aurigae system with STIS at three orbital phases to study the velocity fields and ionization balance using the Si I and C I emission feautures. zeta Aurigae has a 972 day period and the next eclipse is in March 2017. This may be the last opportunity to study this benchmark system for studying the atmospheres of cool evolved stars. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Observations Description ------------------------ In Cycle 24 we will observe the NUV spectrum of the eclipsing binary zeta Aurigae (K4 II + B5 V) on 2 separate 1 Orbit Visits. Visit 1 is during the total eclipse of the uv-bright B star, and a Visit 2 will observe both stars, out of eclipse. NUV fluxes and Safety - This is a UV bright binary with predictable orbital variability. The BOT identifies the target as a health warning in the GSC II, and the field was too bright for a GALEX. The stars themselves are not intrinsically variable (the B star is a main sequence star, and the K supergiant is probably a low $Delta VMag < 0.03$ amplitude), but during eclipse the system flux levels are quite different with the UV flux dropping because the B star is occulted.. To estimate the system fluxes at these 2 different orbital phases we have used several flux templates: For Visit 1 (eclipse) we have used merged IUE LW HIRES and SWP LORES spectra 1650-3200 Angstroms - whose fluxes compare closely to HST/GHRS spectral segments obtained previously. We expect these are good to 10% absolute flux calibration (the limit of IUE and GHRS spectra). For Visit 2 (maximum B star irradiation - out of eclipse) we have used both a merged IUE spectrum, and a published model B star spectrum, 14731( 5) - 29-Aug-2016 16:02:11 - [ 2] both flux levels agree well The BOT flagged observations are either made with the MAMA E230H 0.2x0.09 or 31x0.05NDA apertures. During eclipse (0.2x0.09 aperture), at this time the high fluxes from the B star are reduced by an order of magnitude - and should not thus be a health and safety risk. The out of eclipse observations in Visit 2 use the 31x0.05ND apertures. We have used the ETC for all exposure estimates (except WAVECALS). Time Constraints- Both Visits have time constraints that relate to the phase of the binary orbit (972 period). The 2 Visits in Cycle 24 are for the eclipse of the B star (between 2017 Mar 11-25) and an epoch where the B star irradiates the visible hemisphere of the K star (2017 Aug 10 - Oct 10). Each Visit is 1 Orbit Observing strategy (Available)- STIS E240H observations will provide the high spectral resolution (R > 100, 000) to fully resolve the narrowest emission lines (FWHM=9.0 km/s). In both Visits will will observe the two same E230H settings (same wavelengths: i2463, i2912) with the MAMA detectors in ACCUM mode (to save time on BUFFERing). The first WAVECAL in each Visit is required during the Orbit, but to avoid losing on-source time from the 2nd WAVECAL (i2912) we have adopted the "AVAILABLE" (but not supported mode) of explicitly specifying the wavecals. The final WAVECAL is placed at the beginning of the occultation. We have used the default expsore times for these. "Availability Mode: AVAILABLE has been approved. Visit 1: ACQ/PEAK: We ACQ the K star (V=3.90) with the STIS CCD and F25ND5. We then peak-up in a 0.2x0.09 aperture with the G230L. Science: The following MAMA E230H science observations also use 0.2x0.09 aperture. The first 2 science observations uses the i2463Ang seeting, while the 3rd and 4th science observations will be at i2912 Ang. The use of identical pairs allows for identification of artifacts resulting from the ACCUM. Visit 2: ACK/PEAK we also ACQ the K star (V=3.90) with the STIS CCD and F25ND5, but because of the higher UV flux levels, we then peakup with the 31x0.05NDC with G230L. SCIENCE: For the MAMA E230H science observations we use the 31x0.05NDA (0.4 dex) aperture+neutral density filter to keep the total count rates for the entire detector are below 70.000, below the MAMA global count rate. The first 2 science observations uses the i2463Ang seeting, while the 3rd and 4th science observations will be at i2912 Ang. The use of identical pairs allows for the identification of artifacts resulting from the ACCUM. *** Please note that a similar proposal from a previous cycle has adopted essentially the same ACQ/PEAK strategy (14070 PI P. Bennett) and has not yet been executed This will occur before the first scheduled Visit of this proposal. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14731( 5) - 29-Aug-2016 16:02:11 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 -ZET-AUR STAR, B3-B5 V-IV, RA=05H02M28.6874S, J2000 V = 3.75 +/- 0.02 NUV B star continuum COMPOSITE SPECTRAL DEC=+41D04'33.02" [for out of eclipse observations: TYPE, K III-I 1.0(-10) erg cm-2 A-1 at 1700 Ang, 4x10(-11) erg cm-2 s-1 A-1 at 2300 A, and 3.0(-11) erg cm-2 s-1 at 3000A: Star observed at proposed wavelengths with IUE in HIRES: During eclipse the NUV fluxes are significantly less Reference Frame: ICRS Extended: NO Comments: This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database.This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) 2000.00 8.357205153954276E-4 -0.02071 0.00415 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14731( 5) - 29-Aug-2016 16:02:11 - [ 4] Visit: 01 (Total Eclipse of the B star) Visit Requirements: BETWEEN 11-MAR-2017:00:00:00 AND 25-MAR-2017:00:00:00 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: 2 week window around central eclipse. One could make this window a little larger if an off-centrered eclipse was OK Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 -ZET-AUR STIS/CCD ACQ F25ND5 MIRROR ACQTYPE=POINT 1 4 S (4 S) Comments: Pickles KII 3-4 model V=3.90, extinction [E(B-V)=0.08 applied before normalization. S/N=40 for 0.29 sec, elect 4 sec observation for S/N=167. [Sat occurs at 50.77 sec] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14731( 5) - 29-Aug-2016 16:02:11 - [ 5] Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 -ZET-AUR STIS/CCD ACQ/PEA 0.2X0.09 G230LB 2375 1 3 S (3 S) K Comments: Q to Charles Proffitt on how to estimate S/N for Spectral Elements (not available in ETC). Seek > 80, 000 cnt/s [Source is too bright to used a non-dispersed light ACQ/PEAK] Set GAIN=4 (CProffitt) Eclipse spectrum is merge of 2 LWP HIRES and 1 SWP LORES. LWP Flux compares well with 2 GHRS regions of overlap. Exposure time (seconds) = 1.0000 at wavelength 2600.00 Ang. gives: SNR = 17.9390 (per resolution element) gives: Time to Saturation (for a single exposure) = 167.64 seconds Source only 94, 375.812 cnt/s Exposure time calculation HAD WARNINGS. WARNING MESSAGE: "Electrons per pixel due to background (0.0095) is less than the recommended threshold of 20 electrons to avoid poor charge transfer efficiency (CTE). We suggest you consider CTE mitigation strategies described in the STIS Instrument Handbook." Mode: spectroscopic Detector: CCD Central Wavelength: Grating: [G230LB] R ~ 700 Aperture: 0.2X0.09 Gain: 4.0 # Frames: 2 Binning: dispersion: 1, spatial: 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 WAVE STIS/NUV ACCUM 0.2X0.09 E230H 2463 1 DEF (0 S) -MAMA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14731( 5) - 29-Aug-2016 16:02:11 - [ 6] Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 -ZET-AUR STIS/NUV ACCUM 0.2X0.09 E230H 2463 WAVECAL=NO 1 396. S -MAMA (396 S) Comments: Observe Si I 2438, 2478., 2515, 2582 + scattered light spectrum Exposure time (seconds) = 790.0000 at wavelength 2582.90 Ang. gives: SNR = 15.5768 (per resolution element) Mode: spectroscopic Detector: NUVMAMA Central Wavelength: 2463 Grating: [E230H] R ~ 114000 Aperture: 0.2X0.09 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 -ZET-AUR STIS/NUV ACCUM 0.2X0.09 E230H 2463 WAVECAL=NO 1 396. S -MAMA (396 S) Comments: Observe Si I 2438, 2478., 2515, 2582 + scattered light spectrum Exposure time (seconds) = 790.0000 at wavelength 2582.90 Ang. gives: SNR = 15.5768 (per resolution element) Mode: spectroscopic Detector: NUVMAMA Central Wavelength: 2463 Grating: [E230H] R ~ 114000 Aperture: 0.2X0.09 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 -ZET-AUR STIS/NUV ACCUM 0.2X0.09 E230H 2912 WAVECAL=NO 1 396. S -MAMA (396 S) Comments: Exposure time (seconds) = 790.0000 at wavelength 2881.00 Ang.` gives: SNR = 8.0749 (per resolution element) Mode: spectroscopic Detector: NUVMAMA Central Wavelength: 2912 Grating: [E230H] R ~ 114000 Aperture: 0.2X0.09 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14731( 5) - 29-Aug-2016 16:02:11 - [ 7] Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 -ZET-AUR STIS/NUV ACCUM 0.2X0.09 E230H 2912 WAVECAL=NO 1 396. S -MAMA (396 S) Comments: Exposure time (seconds) = 790.0000 at wavelength 2881.00 Ang.` gives: SNR = 8.0749 (per resolution element) Mode: spectroscopic Detector: NUVMAMA Central Wavelength: 2912 Grating: [E230H] R ~ 114000 Aperture: 0.2X0.09 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 WAVE STIS/NUV ACCUM 0.2X0.09 E230H 2912 1 DEF (0 S) -MAMA Comments: Exposure time based on AUTO WAVECAL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -ZET-AUR 1 STIS/CCD ACQ F25ND5 MIRROR none none none none 1 N/A -ZET-AUR 2 STIS/CCD ACQ/PEA 0.2X0.09 G230LB 2375 none none none none 1 N/A K WAVE 3 STIS/NUV ACCUM 0.2X0.09 E230H 2463 none none none none 1 N/A -MAMA -ZET-AUR 4 STIS/NUV ACCUM 0.2X0.09 E230H 2463 none none none none 1 N/A -MAMA -ZET-AUR 5 STIS/NUV ACCUM 0.2X0.09 E230H 2463 none none none none 1 N/A -MAMA -ZET-AUR 6 STIS/NUV ACCUM 0.2X0.09 E230H 2912 none none none none 1 N/A -MAMA -ZET-AUR 7 STIS/NUV ACCUM 0.2X0.09 E230H 2912 none none none none 1 N/A -MAMA WAVE 8 STIS/NUV ACCUM 0.2X0.09 E230H 2912 none none none none 1 N/A -MAMA 14731( 5) - 29-Aug-2016 16:02:11 - [ 8] Visit: 02 Visit Requirements: BETWEEN 10-AUG-2017:00:00:00 AND 10-OCT-2017:00:00:00 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 -ZET-AUR STIS/CCD ACQ F25ND5 MIRROR ACQTYPE=POINT 1 4 S (4 S) Comments: Pickles KII 3-4 model V=3.90, extinction [E(B-V)=0.08 applied before normalization. S/N=40 for 0.29 sec, elect 4 sec observation for S/N=167. [Sat occurs at 50.77 sec] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 -ZET-AUR STIS/CCD ACQ/PEA 31X0.05ND G230LB 2375 1 1 S (1 S) K C Comments: Q to Charles Proffitt on how to estimate S/N for Spectral Elements (not available in ETC). Seek cnt/s > 80, 000 Source is too bright to used a non-dispersed light ACQ/PEAK Input spectrum B star model + K4 II contribution (small) from lambda Velorom Exposure time (seconds) = 1.0000 at wavelength 2600.00 Ang. Source only 205, 100.357 cnt/s gives: SNR = 7.1371 (per resolution element) gives: Time to Saturation (for a single exposure) = 648.14 seconds Exposure time calculation HAD WARNINGS. WARNING MESSAGE: "Electrons per pixel due to background (0.0095) is less than the recommended threshold of 20 electrons to avoid poor charge transfer efficiency (CTE). We suggest you consider CTE mitigation strategies described in the STIS Instrument Handbook." ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 WAVE STIS/NUV ACCUM 0.2X0.09 E230H 2463 1 DEF (0 S) -MAMA Comments: Note we are using a smaller aperture than for the science observations (31x0.03NDA) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14731( 5) - 29-Aug-2016 16:02:11 - [ 9] Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 -ZET-AUR STIS/NUV ACCUM 31X0.05ND E230H 2463 WAVECAL=NO 1 386 S (386 -MAMA A S) Comments: Observe Si I 2438, 2478., 2515, 2582 + scattered light spectrum Exposure time (seconds) = 700.0000 at wavelength 2478.50 A gives: SNR = 48.6805 (per resolution element) Count rate entire detector 68, 740.468 Exposure time calculation HAD WARNINGS. WARNING MESSAGE: Buffer time 29.0949 is less than minimum 99 seconds. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 -ZET-AUR STIS/NUV ACCUM 31X0.05ND E230H 2463 WAVECAL=NO 1 386. S -MAMA A (386 S) Comments: Observe Si I 2438, 2478., 2515, 2582 + scattered light spectrum Exposure time (seconds) = 700.0000 at wavelength 2478.50 A gives: SNR = 48.6805 (per resolution element) Count rate entire detector 68, 740.468 Exposure time calculation HAD WARNINGS. WARNING MESSAGE: Buffer time 29.0949 is less than minimum 99 seconds. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 -ZET-AUR STIS/NUV ACCUM 31X0.05ND E230H 2912 WAVECAL=NO 1 391 S (391 -MAMA A S) Comments: Exposure time (seconds) = 275.0000 at wavelength 2987.60 Ang gives: SNR = 26.0580 (per resolution element) Count rate entire detector 42, 040.578 Mode: spectroscopic Detector: NUVMAMA Central Wavelength: 2912 Grating: [E230H] R ~ 114000 Aperture: 31X0.05NDA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14731( 5) - 29-Aug-2016 16:02:11 - [ 10] Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 -ZET-AUR STIS/NUV ACCUM 31X0.05ND E230H 2912 WAVECAL=NO 1 391. S -MAMA A (391 S) Comments: Exposure time (seconds) = 275.0000 at wavelength 2987.60 Ang gives: SNR = 26.0580 (per resolution element) Count rate entire detector 42, 040.578 Mode: spectroscopic Detector: NUVMAMA Central Wavelength: 2912 Grating: [E230H] R ~ 114000 Aperture: 31X0.05NDA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 WAVE STIS/NUV ACCUM 0.2X0.09 E230H 2912 1 DEF (0 S) -MAMA Comments: Using the 0.2x0.09 aperture (while science observations use the 31x0.05 NDA) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -ZET-AUR 1 STIS/CCD ACQ F25ND5 MIRROR none none none none 1 N/A -ZET-AUR 2 STIS/CCD ACQ/PEA 31X0.05N G230LB 2375 none none none none 1 N/A K DC WAVE 3 STIS/NUV ACCUM 0.2X0.09 E230H 2463 none none none none 1 N/A -MAMA -ZET-AUR 4 STIS/NUV ACCUM 31X0.05N E230H 2463 none none none none 1 N/A -MAMA DA -ZET-AUR 5 STIS/NUV ACCUM 31X0.05N E230H 2463 none none none none 1 N/A -MAMA DA -ZET-AUR 6 STIS/NUV ACCUM 31X0.05N E230H 2912 none none none none 1 N/A -MAMA DA -ZET-AUR 7 STIS/NUV ACCUM 31X0.05N E230H 2912 none none none none 1 N/A -MAMA DA WAVE 8 STIS/NUV ACCUM 0.2X0.09 E230H 2912 none none none none 1 N/A -MAMA 14731( 5) - 29-Aug-2016 16:02:11 - [ 11] Summary Form for Proposal 14731 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures 0.2X0.09, 31X0.05NDA, 31X0.05NDC, F25ND5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations STIS/CCD, STIS/NUV-MAMA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACCUM, ACQ, ACQ/PEAK ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters ACQTYPE=POINT, WAVECAL=NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements BETWEEN 10-AUG-2017:00:00:00 AND 10-OCT-2017:00:00:00, BETWEEN 11-MAR-2017:00:00:00 AND 25-MAR-2017:00:00:00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements E230H, G230LB, MIRROR ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names -ZET-AUR, WAVE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------